川南兴文地区上二叠统龙潭组下部黏土岩中铌的富集特征及赋存状态

周颂德; 梁斌; 郝雪峰; 唐屹; 何洋飘; 潘蒙; 张彤; 付小方

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230682

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川南兴文地区上二叠统龙潭组下部黏土岩中铌的富集特征及赋存状态

更新时间：2026-11-05

- 川南兴文地区上二叠统龙潭组下部黏土岩中铌的富集特征及赋存状态
- Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology Vol. 44, Issue 5, Pages: 165-180(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西南科技大学环境与资源学院
  2. 四川省综合地质调查研究所
  3. 四川省第七地质大队
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230682
  CLC： P618.79
- Online First：17 April 2025，
  
  Published：17 April 2025
- 稿件说明：
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周颂德, 梁斌, 郝雪峰, et al. 川南兴文地区上二叠统龙潭组下部黏土岩中铌的富集特征及赋存状态[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2025, 44(5): 165-180.
DOI：

周颂德, 梁斌, 郝雪峰, et al. 川南兴文地区上二叠统龙潭组下部黏土岩中铌的富集特征及赋存状态[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2025, 44(5): 165-180. DOI： 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230682.

摘要

我国关键金属铌（Nb）资源匮乏，被“卡脖子”的风险高，为了破解这一困局，加强新类型铌矿床的研究和地质勘探迫在眉睫。以川南兴文地区上二叠统龙潭组(P

)下部黏土岩为研究对象，在样品铌含量分析的基础上，结合粉晶X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜-能谱（SEM-EDS）、电子探针（EPMA）等手段，对富Nb样品进行了矿物鉴定及定量分析。结果表明，黏土岩中Nb

质量分数为41×10

-6

～437×10

-6

，平均187.2×10

-6

，达到了风化壳型矿床的最低工业指标，Li、Ga等元素富集程度也较高，是多种关键金属的富集层，具有良好的成矿潜力和找矿前景。粉晶X射线衍射（XRD）分析显示富铌黏土岩中含有较丰富锐钛矿，电子探针（EPMA）分析表明锐钛矿中Nb

的质量分数为0.09%～3.40%，平均1.17%。依据锐钛矿中铌含量、扫描电镜-能谱（SEM-EDS）扫面，以及全岩样品Nb

的含量特征，认为铌主要以类质同象形式赋存于锐钛矿之中，还有一部分被黏土矿物所吸附。Nb主要继承自峨眉山玄武岩中榍石等矿物的风化产物，风化作用的强弱对Nb富集成矿具有重要的影响，为风化-沉积型矿床。研究成果为铌资源地质找矿、资源评价以及综合开发利用提供科学依据。

Abstract

Niobium(Nb) is a critical metal

and China faces a high risk of being "strangled" due to the limited availability of niobium. ObjectiveTo address this challenge

it is imperative to strengthen the research and geological exploration of new types of niobium deposits. MethodsThis study focuses on the clay rocks in the lower part of the Upper Permian Longtan Formation (P3l) in Xingwen area of southern Sichuan. Based on the analysis of Nb contents in the collected samples

we combine various analytical techniques such as X-ray powder diffraction (XRD)

scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS)

and electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA) to conduct mineral identification and quantitative analysis on Nb-enriched samples.ResultsThe results show that the content of Nb2O5 in the clay rocks ranges from 41×10−6 to 437×10−6

with an average of 187.2×10−6

reaching the lowest industrial indicator for weathering crust-type deposits. The enrichment of elements like Li

and others is also significant

making the clay layer rich in multiple critical metals and possessing considerable ore-forming potential. XRD analysis reveals a substantial presence of anatase in the Nb-rich clay rock. EPMA analysis indicates that the content of Nb2O5 in anatase ranges from 0.09% to 3.40%

with an average of 1.17%. Based on the Nb content in anatase

SEM-EDS scanning

and the Nb2O5 content of whole-rock samples

we conclude that Nb primarily exists in anatase as an isomorphous substitution

and some are adsorbed by clay minerals. Nb is predominantly inherited from the weathering products of minerals such as sphene in the Emeishan basalts

and the weathering degree has a significant impact on the enrichment and mineralization of Nb

with characteristic of weathering-sedimentary deposit. ConclusionThe research results provide a scientific basis for the geological prospecting

resource evaluation

and comprehensive development and utilization of niobium resources.

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