干热岩开发循环试验的研究进展和发展建议

王丹; 文冬光; 杨用彪; 杨伟峰; 金显鹏; 吴斌

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230644

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干热岩开发循环试验的研究进展和发展建议

更新时间：2026-11-05

- 干热岩开发循环试验的研究进展和发展建议
- Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology Vol. 44, Issue 5, Pages: 153-164(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心
  2. 中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院
  3. 江苏省地质调查研究院
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230644
  CLC： P314
- Online First：17 April 2024，
  
  Published：2025
- 稿件说明：
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王丹, 文冬光, 杨用彪, et al. 干热岩开发循环试验的研究进展和发展建议[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2025, 44(5): 153-164.
DOI：

王丹, 文冬光, 杨用彪, et al. 干热岩开发循环试验的研究进展和发展建议[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2025, 44(5): 153-164. DOI： 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230644.

摘要

干热岩是一种开发前景广阔的地热资源。增强型地热系统（EGS）是当前干热岩开发的主要方式，需要通过多个工程环节衔接实施，循环试验是其中的重要步骤。循环试验实施过程具有长期性和复杂性的特点，亟需技术突破降本增效。总结了国内外较为典型的干热岩开发EGS工程的循环试验经验和探索方向，阐述了多种因素对于循环试验的影响，并结合青海共和场地的实际情况提出了发展建议。可以看出，以往提高循环试验效果主要是通过开发层位和井组调整、长期循环、储层改造以及化学刺激等方法实现的，而当前技术人员主要通过改进准确获取工程参数的方法，以及改进注采井组设计和储层改造工艺进行探索。循环试验的方案制定需要充分考虑地质因素，且数值模拟、储层刺激、流程设计、工程实施等方面都值得进行深入研究。随着开发技术的日趋成熟，干热岩地热资源将会成为我国能源结构中的重要一环，为经济发展和环境保护发挥重要的作用。

Abstract

ImportantlyDry rock

a widely distributed and abundant geothermal resource

is of paramount importance in the reduction of fossil energy consumption

alleviating environmental pollution

and ensuring energy security. Enhanced geothermal systems are currently the main method for developing hot dry rock resources and are generally implemented through several methods

such as engineering site selection

geothermal drilling

thermal reservoir stimulation

flow testing

and power generation engineering. Among these

flow tests are a crucial link in undertaking thermal reservoir stimulation and power generation engineering and are used to form injection and production well groups

evaluate cycle circuits

expand heat exchange capacity

and lay the foundation for ultimately achieving power generation goals safely and stably. The implementation process of flow tests is long-term and complex

which can easily lead to problems such as insufficient connectivity

strong microseismic effects

liquid leakage

scaling of the circulating liquid

and insufficient equipment reliability. Therefore

flow tests at hot dry rock development sites internationally are often intertwined with drilling and reservoir stimulation and accompanied by scheme adjustments to gradually achieve the power generation goal. ProgressThis article briefly summarizes the flow test experiences and exploration directions of typical hot dry rock development EGS at home and abroad

elaborates on the influence of various factors on flow tests

and proposes development suggestions based on the actual situation at the Qinghai Gonghe site. In the past

improving the effectiveness of flow tests was achieved through methods such as adjusting the development layer and well groups

long-term circulation

hydraulic fracturing

and chemical stimulation. However

current technicians have focused on accurately obtaining engineering parameters and improving the design of well groups and reservoir stimulation processes. Conclusions and ProspectsIn summary

the formulation of a flow test plan needs to fully consider geological factors and adapt to local conditions. Moreover

key technologies in flow tests

such as reservoir evaluation

reservoir stimulation

and engineering implementation

are worthy of in-depth research. The progress of these key technologies requires the establishment of numerical models with greater accuracy

improvements in the accuracy and stability of various monitoring techniques

the application of more diverse hydraulic fracturing and chemical stimulation processes

and the establishment of a more comprehensive risk prevention and control system for induced earthquakes. In addition

the application of new technologies is also a possible breakthrough. Supercritical carbon dioxide and liquid nitrogen fracturing technologies have advantages in thermal reservoir fracturing and energy enhancement in hot dry rock stimulation. Explosive fracturing technology has a certain effect on increasing the complexity of fractures near wellbores and enhancing the injection capacity of well groups. Finally

with the goal of experimental power generation and focusing on key issues in multi-well group flow tests

improving the construction process of flow tests is also an effective means to improve efficiency and reduce costs. With increasingly mature development technology

hot dry rock geothermal resources will become an important part of China's energy structure

playing a significant role in economic development and environmental protection.

关键词

Keywords

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