福建医科大学附属协和医院结直肠外科,福建 福州 350001
黄颖,博士,主任医师,博士生导师,主要从事结直肠癌的临床与基础研究,Email:hy9033sy@sina.com
纸质出版:2025-04-22
移动端阅览
潘宏锋,黄颖.经括约肌间切除术围手术期肛门功能保护的关键点[J].腹部外科,2025,38(02):99-104.
Pan Hongfeng,Huang Ying.Critical techniques for anal function preservation during the perioperative period of intersphincteric resection[J].J Abdominal Surg,2025,38(02):99-104.
潘宏锋,黄颖.经括约肌间切除术围手术期肛门功能保护的关键点[J].腹部外科,2025,38(02):99-104. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-5591.2025.02.003.
Pan Hongfeng,Huang Ying.Critical techniques for anal function preservation during the perioperative period of intersphincteric resection[J].J Abdominal Surg,2025,38(02):99-104. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-5591.2025.02.003.
经括约肌间切除术作为低位直肠癌治疗的重要保肛术式,在确保肿瘤根治效果的同时显著提升了保肛成功率。该术式通过联合直肠切除与部分或全部肛门内括约肌切除,并实施超低位吻合重建,导致术后低位前切除综合征发生风险显著增加,表现为排便频次增加及急迫感等肠道功能障碍。近年来临床上日益重视低位前切除综合征的诊治与预防,但围手术期干预措施仍缺乏规范化管理方案。该文通过系统梳理现有研究证据,探讨经括约肌间切除术围手术期肛门功能保护的要点,以期为临床实践提供参考。
Intersphincteric resection (ISR) has emerged as a pivotal sphincter-preserving procedure for low-level rectal cancer, demonstrating significant improvements in anal preservation rates while maintaining optimal oncological outcomes. This technique necessitates concomitant rectal resection with partial or complete internal anal sphincter excision, followed by ultra-low anastomotic reconstruction. This substantially elevates the risk of postoperative low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). Characterized by increased stool frequency, urgency, and bowel dysfunction, LARS has garnered escalating clinical attention in recent years. However, perioperative interventions for preventing and managing LARS remain inadequately standardized. This article systematically reviewed current evidence to elucidate critical technical elements for perioperative anal function preservation following ISR.
Du Q , Yang WM , Zhang JH , et al . Oncologic outcomes of intersphincteric resection versus abdominoperineal resection for lower rectal cancer:a systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. Int J Surg , 2024 , 110 ( 4 ): 2338 - 2348 . DOI: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000205 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JS9.0000000000000205 .
Schiessel R , Karner-Hanusch J , Herbst F , et al . Intersphincteric resection for low rectal tumours [J]. Br J Surg , 1994 , 81 ( 9 ): 1376 - 1378 . DOI: 10.1002/bjs.1800810944 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800810944 .
Piozzi GN , Khobragade K , Aliyev V , et al . International standardization and optimization group for intersphincteric resection (ISOG-ISR):modified Delphi consensus on anatomy,definition,indication,surgical technique,specimen description and functional outcome [J]. Colorectal Dis , 2023 , 25 ( 9 ): 1896 - 1909 . DOI: 10.1111/codi.16704 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/codi.16704 .
Shin JK , Kim HC , Lee WY , et al . Sphincter-saving surgery versus abdominoperineal resection in low rectal cancer following neoadjuvant treatment with propensity score analysis [J]. Surg Endosc , 2022 , 36 ( 4 ): 2623 - 2630 . DOI: 10.1007/s00464-021-08558-z http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00464-021-08558-z .
Denost Q , Moreau JB , Vendrely V , et al . Intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer:the risk is functional rather than oncological.A 25-year experience from Bordeaux [J]. Colorectal Dis , 2020 , 22 ( 11 ): 1603 - 1613 . DOI: 10.1111/codi.15258 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/codi.15258 .
Christensen P , Baeten CI , Espín-Basany E , et al . Management guidelines for low anterior resection syndrome–the MANUEL project [J]. Colorectal Dis , 2021 , 23 ( 2 ): 461 - 475 . DOI: 10.1111/codi.15517 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/codi.15517 .
Zhang B , Zhuo GZ , Zhao K , et al . Cumulative incidence and risk factors of permanent stoma after intersphincteric resection for ultralow rectal cancer [J]. Dis Colon Rectum , 2022 , 65 ( 1 ): 66 - 75 . DOI: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002036 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/DCR.0000000000002036 .
胡刚 , 刘军广 , 邱文龙 , 等 . 腹腔镜直肠癌经括约肌间切除术预防性造口永久化的术前预测因素及模型构建 [J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志 , 2022 , 25 ( 11 ): 997 - 1004 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20220629-00283 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20220629-00283 .
陈文豪 , 周俊杰 , 胡恒 , 等 . 经括约肌间切除术后直肠低位前切除综合征的诊断与治疗策略 [J]. 中华消化外科杂志 , 2024 , 23 ( 6 ): 806 - 811 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115610-20240421-00216 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115610-20240421-00216 .
Piozzi GN , Baek SJ , Kwak JM , et al . Anus-preserving surgery in advanced low-lying rectal cancer:a perspective on oncological safety of intersphincteric resection [J]. Cancers (Basel) , 2021 , 13 ( 19 ): 4793 . DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194793 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13194793 .
Hieda K , Cho KH , Arakawa T , et al . Nerves in the intersphincteric space of the human anal canal with special reference to their continuation to the enteric nerve plexus of the rectum [J]. Clin Anat , 2013 , 26 ( 7 ): 843 - 854 . DOI: 10.1002/ca.22227 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ca.22227 .
臧怡雯 , 项建斌 . 括约肌间切除术的病理和功能学解剖基础 [J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志 , 2019 , 22 ( 10 ): 937 - 942 .
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671 ?0274.2019.10.007 .
Koda K , Yamazaki M , Shuto K , et al . Etiology and management of low anterior resection syndrome based on the normal defecation mechanism [J]. Surg Today , 2019 , 49 ( 10 ): 803 - 808 . DOI: 10.1007/s00595-019-01795-9 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00595-019-01795-9 .
侯森 , 叶颖江 . 不同保肛术式对低位直肠癌术后排粪功能的影响 [J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志 , 2022 , 25 ( 6 ): 482 - 486 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200111-00015 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200111-00015 .
中华医学会外科学分会结直肠外科学组 . 低位直肠癌经括约肌间切除术中国专家共识(2023版) [J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志 , 2023 , 26 ( 6 ): 536 - 547 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20230404-00101 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20230404-00101 .
Ota E , Nagasaki T , Akiyoshi T , et al . Incidence and risk factors of bowel dysfunction after minimally invasive rectal cancer surgery and discrepancies between the Wexner score and the low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) score [J]. Surg Today , 2024 , 54 ( 7 ): 763 - 770 . DOI: 10.1007/s00595-023-02789-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00595-023-02789-4 .
Kazi M , Jajoo B , Rohila J , et al . Functional outcomes after robotic or laparoscopic intersphincteric resection-An inverse probability weighting analysis [J]. Eur J Surg Oncol , 2023 , 49 ( 1 ): 196 - 201 . DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2022.07.009 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2022.07.009 .
Zhang B , Zhuo GZ , Zhao Y , et al . Quality of life and functional outcomes after intersphincteric resection for ultralow rectal cancer:a prospective observational study [J]. Dis Colon Rectum , 2023 , 66 ( 7 ): 1029 - 1038 . DOI: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002615 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/DCR.0000000000002615 .
Bjoern MX , Perdawood SK . Manometric assessment of anorectal function after transanal total mesorectal excision [J]. Tech Coloproctol , 2020 , 24 ( 3 ): 231 - 236 . DOI: 10.1007/s10151-020-02147-3 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10151-020-02147-3 .
Qin QY , Huang BJ , Wu AW , et al . Development and validation of a post-radiotherapy prediction model for bowel dysfunction after rectal cancer resection [J]. Gastroenterology , 2023 , 165 ( 6 ): 1430 - 1442.e14 . DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.08.022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2023.08.022 .
Battersby NJ , Bouliotis G , Emmertsen KJ , et al . Development and external validation of a nomogram and online tool to predict bowel dysfunction following restorative rectal cancer resection:the POLARS score [J]. Gut , 2018 , 67 ( 4 ): 688 - 696 . DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312695 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312695 .
池畔 , 王枭杰 . 经括约肌间切除术的临床应用要点及规范实施 [J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志 , 2023 , 26 ( 6 ): 548 - 556 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20230228-00056 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20230228-00056 .
Shen Y , Yang T , Zeng H , et al . Low anterior resection syndrome and quality of life after intersphincteric resection for rectal cancer:a propensity score-matched study [J]. Tech Coloproctol , 2023 , 27 ( 12 ): 1307 - 1317 . DOI: 10.1007/s10151-023-02848-5 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10151-023-02848-5 .
兰平 , 何晓生 , 张宗进 , 等 . 结直肠癌外科治疗关键问题 [J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志 , 2025 , 28 ( 1 ): 21 - 27 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20250106-00010 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20250106-00010 .
Yamada K , Saiki Y , Takano S , et al . Long-term results of intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer in Japan [J]. Surg Today , 2019 , 49 ( 4 ): 275 - 285 . DOI: 10.1007/s00595-018-1754-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00595-018-1754-4 .
Jiang WZ , Xu JM , Xing JD , et al . Short-term outcomes of laparoscopy-assisted vs open surgery for patients with low rectal cancer:the LASRE randomized clinical trial [J]. JAMA Oncol , 2022 , 8 ( 11 ): 1607 - 1615 . DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.4079 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.4079 .
Yang B , Wang YG , Zheng MY , et al . Long-term functional and prognostic outcomes of robotic intersphincteric resection for treating low rectal cancer:a single-center retrospective study [J]. Int J Colorectal Dis , 2025 , 40 ( 1 ): 56 . DOI: 10.1007/s00384-025-04844-7 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00384-025-04844-7 .
Sun LH , Zhou JJ , Ji LL , et al . Sphincter-preserving effect of robotic-assisted intersphincteric resection for ultra-low rectal cancer:a propensity score matching analysis [J]. J Robot Surg , 2024 , 18 ( 1 ): 83 . DOI: 10.1007/s11701-024-01826-9 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11701-024-01826-9 .
Feng QY , Yuan WT , Li TY , et al . Robotic versus laparoscopic surgery for middle and low rectal cancer (REAL):short-term outcomes of a multicentre randomised controlled trial [J]. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol , 2022 , 7 ( 11 ): 991 - 1004 . DOI: 10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00248-5 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00248-5 .
陈俊兴 , 许建华 , 林建安 , 等 . 不同手术入路腹腔镜辅助经肛门括约肌间切除术治疗低位直肠癌的临床疗效 [J]. 中华消化外科杂志 , 2022 , 21 ( 6 ): 779 - 787 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115610-20220419-00220 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115610-20220419-00220 .
曹高健 , 徐玺谟 , 钟昊 , 等 . 经肛腔镜括约肌间切除术在低位直肠癌保肛中的应用价值 [J]. 中华消化外科杂志 , 2024 , 23 ( 6 ): 836 - 844 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115610-20240321-00171 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115610-20240321-00171 .
张卫 , 朱晓明 . 极低位直肠癌经括约肌间切除术的分类及其优势与局限性 [J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志 , 2023 , 26 ( 6 ): 557 - 561 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20230603-00191 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20230603-00191 .
张卫 . 极低位直肠癌经括约肌间切除保肛手术的再认识 [J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志 , 2022 , 25 ( 6 ): 487 - 492 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20220321-00107 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20220321-00107 .
侯森 , 叶颖江 . 不同保肛术式对低位直肠癌术后排粪功能的影响 [J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志 , 2022 , 25 ( 6 ): 482 - 486 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20220321-00108 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20220321-00108 .
叶颖江 . 关注低位前切除综合征的全程化管理与分阶梯治疗的实施 [J]. 中华普通外科杂志 , 2025 , 40 ( 2 ): 81 - 84 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn113855-20241215-00783 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn113855-20241215-00783 .
Mathew R . Outcome of colonic J-pouch versus straight colorectal reconstruction after low anterior resection for rectal cancer [J]. Dis Colon Rectum , 2021 , 64 ( 8 ): e474 - e475 . DOI: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002134 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/DCR.0000000000002134 .
Planellas P , Farrés R , Cornejo L , et al . Randomized clinical trial comparing side to end vs end to end techniques for colorectal anastomosis [J]. Int J Surg , 2020 , 83 : 220 - 229 . DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.09.039 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.09.039 .
《保留左结肠动脉的直肠癌根治术中国专家共识》编审委员会 , 中国医师协会肛肠医师分会大肠癌综合治疗组 , 中西医结合学会普通外科专业委员会直肠癌防治专家委员会 . 保留左结肠动脉的直肠癌根治术中国专家共识(2021版) [J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志 , 2021 , 24 ( 11 ): 950 - 955 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20210927-00389 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20210927-00389 .
李睿哲 , 张磊 , 时飞宇 , 等 . 直肠癌低位前切除术中是否保留左结肠动脉与术后低位前切除综合征发生关系的研究 [J]. 中华普通外科杂志 , 2025 , 40 ( 2 ): 94 - 100 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn113855-20240201-00092 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn113855-20240201-00092 .
Li B , Wang JN , Yang SH , et al . Left colic artery diameter is an important factor affecting anastomotic blood supply in sigmoid colon cancer or rectal cancer surgery:a pilot study [J]. World J Surg Oncol , 2022 , 20 ( 1 ): 313 . DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02774-0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12957-022-02774-0 .
Liu FC , Song JN , Yang YC , et al . Preservation of left colic artery in laparoscopic colorectal operation:The benefit challenge [J]. World J Gastrointest Surg , 2023 , 15 ( 5 ): 825 - 833 . DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i5.825 http://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v15.i5.825 .
Campbell A , MacDonald A , Oliphant R , et al . Neurovasculature of high and low Tie ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery [J]. Surg Radiol Anat , 2018 , 40 ( 12 ): 1343 - 1348 . DOI: 10.1007/s00276-018-2092-3 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-018-2092-3 .
Matsuda K , Hotta T , Takifuji K , et al . Randomized clinical trial of defaecatory function after anterior resection for rectal cancer with high versus low ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery [J]. Br J Surg , 2015 , 102 ( 5 ): 501 - 508 . DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9739 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.9739 .
Harji D , Fernandez B , Boissieras L , et al . A novel bowel rehabilitation programme after total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer:the BOREAL pilot study [J]. Colorectal Dis , 2021 , 23 ( 10 ): 2619 - 2626 . DOI: 10.1111/codi.15812 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/codi.15812 .
Bagchi S , Yuan R , Engleman EG . Immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of cancer:clinical impact and mechanisms of response and resistance [J]. Annu Rev Pathol , 2021 , 16 : 223 - 249 . DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042020-042741 http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pathol-042020-042741 .
Zhou S , Khanal S , Zhang HJ . Risk of immune-related adverse events associated with ipilimumab-plus-nivolumab and nivolumab therapy in cancer patients [J]. Ther Clin Risk Manag , 2019 , 15 : 211 - 221 . DOI: 10.2147/TCRM.S193338 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/TCRM.S193338 .
Ryoo SB , Park JW , Lee DW , et al . Anterior resection syndrome:a randomized clinical trial of a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist (ramosetron) in male patients with rectal cancer [J]. Br J Surg , 2021 , 108 ( 6 ): 644 - 651 . DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab071 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znab071 .
Popeskou SG , Roesel R , Faes S , et al . Ondansetron for low anterior resection syndrome (LARS):a double-blind,placebo-controlled,cross-over,randomized study [J]. Ann Surg , 2024 , 279 ( 2 ): 196 - 202 . DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000005995 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000005995 .
张斌 , 丁健华 . 低位直肠癌经括约肌间切除术后肛门功能评估体系与康复研究进展 [J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志 , 2023 , 26 ( 6 ): 607 - 613 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20230310-00076 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20230310-00076 .
Asnong A , D’Hoore A , Van Kampen M , et al . The role of pelvic floor muscle training on low anterior resection syndrome:a multicenter randomized controlled trial [J]. Ann Surg , 2022 , 276 ( 5 ): 761 - 768 . DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000005632 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000005632 .
Nishigori H , Ishii M , Kokado Y , et al . Effectiveness of pelvic floor rehabilitation for bowel dysfunction after intersphincteric resection for lower rectal cancer [J]. World J Surg , 2018 , 42 ( 10 ): 3415 - 3421 . DOI: 10.1007/s00268-018-4596-8 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00268-018-4596-8 .
武歆纯 , 侯森 , 叶颖江 . 经肛门灌洗在低位前切除综合征治疗中的应用 [J]. 中华普通外科杂志 , 2025 , 40 ( 2 ): 151 - 154 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn113855-20250116-00035 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn113855-20250116-00035 .
Pieniowski EHA , Bergström CM , Nordenvall CAM , et al . A randomized controlled clinical trial of transanal irrigation versus conservative treatment in patients with low anterior resection syndrome after rectal cancer surgery [J]. Ann Surg , 2023 , 277 ( 1 ): 30 - 37 . DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000005482 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000005482 .
Rosen H , Sebesta CG , Sebesta C . Management of low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) following resection for rectal cancer [J]. Cancers (Basel) , 2023 , 15 ( 3 ): 778 . DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030778 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030778 .
Enriquez-Navascues JM , Labaka-Arteaga I , Aguirre-Allende I , et al . A randomized trial comparing transanal irrigation and percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation in the management of low anterior resection syndrome [J]. Colorectal Dis , 2020 , 22 ( 3 ): 303 - 309 . DOI: 10.1111/codi.14870 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/codi.14870 .
Rosen HR , Boedecker C , Fürst A , et al . “Prophylactic” transanal irrigation (TAI) to prevent symptoms of low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) after rectal resection:results at 12-month follow-up of a controlled randomized multicenter trial [J]. Tech Coloproctology , 2020 , 24 ( 12 ): 1247 - 1253 . DOI: 10.1007/s10151-020-02261-2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10151-020-02261-2 .
奚盈盈 , 崔巍 , 周红意 . 经肛门灌洗对预防性造口患者肛门功能的影响 [J]. 全科医学临床与教育 , 2023 , 21 ( 12 ): 1145 - 1147 . DOI: 10.13558/j.cnki.issn1672-3686.2023.012.028 http://dx.doi.org/10.13558/j.cnki.issn1672-3686.2023.012.028 .
胡恒 , 吴超 , 田顺化 , 等 . 经造口顺行灌肠改善低位直肠癌经括约肌间切除术后排便功能的临床研究 [J]. 中华实验外科杂志 , 2024 , 41 ( 3 ): 449 - 453 . DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn421213-20230907-01322 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn421213-20230907-01322 .
Kim MJ , Park S , Park JW , et al . Gut microbiome associated with low anterior resection syndrome after rectal cancer surgery [J]. Sci Rep , 2023 , 13 ( 1 ): 8578 . DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34557-2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34557-2 .
0
浏览量
2
下载量
0
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621