贡嘎山东坡2022年泸定地震灾后滑坡区植被绿度演化特征

陈瑞琛; 陈剑; 谭华容; 麻晟; 葛润泽; 马泓尧

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2026.850

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贡嘎山东坡2022年泸定地震灾后滑坡区植被绿度演化特征

更新时间：2026-10-15

- 贡嘎山东坡2022年泸定地震灾后滑坡区植被绿度演化特征
- Post⁃Earthquake Vegetation Greenness Dynamics in Landslide⁃Affected Areas on the Eastern Slope of Mount Gongga Following the 2022 Luding Earthquake
- 地球科学 2026年51卷第9期页码：3391-3404
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国地质大学（北京）工程技术学院，北京 100083
  2.中国地质大学（北京）地质安全研究院，北京 100083
  3.中国地质大学（北京）工程技术学院，深部探测与成像全国重点实验室，北京 100083
- 作者简介：
  
  陈瑞琛（1994-），男，讲师，主要从事工程地质与地质灾害研究.ORCID： 0000⁃0001⁃7988⁃8900. E⁃mail： chenruichen@cugb.edu.cn
  陈剑，ORCID：0000⁃0002⁃3323⁃7560. E⁃mail: jianchen@cugb.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3007101);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2652025019);国家自然科学基金面上项目(42377167);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42607297)
- DOI：10.3799/dqkx.2026.850
  中图分类号： P642
- 收稿：2026-09-01，
  
  纸质出版：2026-09-30
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
陈瑞琛，陈剑，谭华容，麻晟，葛润泽，马泓尧，2026.贡嘎山东坡2022年泸定地震灾后滑坡区植被绿度演化特征.地球科学，51（9）：3391-3404.

Chen Ruichen，Chen Jian，Tan Huarong，Ma Sheng，Ge Runze，Ma Hongyao，2026.Post⁃Earthquake Vegetation Greenness Dynamics in Landslide⁃Affected Areas on the Eastern Slope of Mount Gongga Following the 2022 Luding Earthquake.Earth Science，51（9）：3391-3404.
陈瑞琛，陈剑，谭华容，麻晟，葛润泽，马泓尧，2026.贡嘎山东坡2022年泸定地震灾后滑坡区植被绿度演化特征.地球科学，51（9）：3391-3404. DOI： 10.3799/dqkx.2026.850.

Chen Ruichen，Chen Jian，Tan Huarong，Ma Sheng，Ge Runze，Ma Hongyao，2026.Post⁃Earthquake Vegetation Greenness Dynamics in Landslide⁃Affected Areas on the Eastern Slope of Mount Gongga Following the 2022 Luding Earthquake.Earth Science，51（9）：3391-3404. DOI： 10.3799/dqkx.2026.850.

摘要

强震诱发滑坡往往造成大范围植被剥离、土壤扰动与生境破碎，其生态损伤与自然恢复过程是震后生态修复和灾害影响评估的重要内容.2022年泸定地震在贡嘎山高山峡谷区诱发大量滑坡，为揭示高植被本底山区地震滑坡的植被绿度损伤及早期恢复特征提供了重要窗口.本文基于2019—2026年Sentinel-2遥感影像和滑坡单元边界，利用归一化植被指数（NDVI）分析贡嘎山东坡滑坡区震前植被绿度本底、震后损伤、恢复过程及其影响因素.结果显示，滑坡单元NDVI均值由2022年震前的0.785降至2023年震后的0.488，下降37.9%，且不同滑坡单元受损程度差异显著.随后，研究区植被绿度呈较快但非线性的恢复，2024年82.7%的滑坡单元转为增绿，2025年受区域物候变化影响恢复减弱，2026年再次普遍增绿，截至2026年7月整体恢复比值均值达到0.832.根据震前基准、震后异常、恢复连续性和终点状态，可将植被绿度演化划分为恢复型、波动型和持续低绿型，其中恢复型占79.8%，持续低绿型仍占16.5%.震前NDVI和滑坡面积与植被绿度损伤及恢复的关系最为明显，长宽比关联次之，平均坡度和坡向未表现出稳定关系.总体而言，贡嘎山东坡地震滑坡表现出快速但非线性的早期返绿特征，恢复路径具有明显的滑坡单元间分异特点，部分滑坡在震后第四个可观测生长季仍存在绿度亏损.本研究从滑坡单元尺度揭示了地震滑坡植被绿度由损伤向差异化恢复演化的过程，可为持续低绿滑坡识别和震后生态修复优先区划分提供依据.

Abstract

Strong earthquake-induced landslides often cause extensive vegetation removal

soil disturbance

and habitat fragmentation

making their ecological impacts and natural recovery important considerations in post-earthquake ecological restoration and hazard-impact assessment. The 2022 Luding earthquake triggered numerous landslides in the alpine gorge region of Mount Gongga. To investigate vegetation-greenness damage and early recovery of earthquake-induced landslides in a densely vegetated mountain environment

this study used Sentinel-2 imagery from 2019 to 2026 and landslide-unit boundaries to analyze the pre-earthquake vegetation-greenness baseline

post-earthquake damage

recovery process

and associated factors on the eastern slope of Mount Gongga based on the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Mean NDVI across landslide units decreased from 0.785 before the earthquake in 2022 to 0.488 in 2023

representing a decline of 37.9%

with marked differences in damage among individual landslide units. Vegetation greenness subsequently showed rapid but nonlinear recovery. In 2024

82.7% of landslide units exhibited increasing NDVI; recovery weakened in 2025 under the influence of regional phenological variability

followed by widespread greening again in 2026. By July 2026

the mean recovery ratio had reached 0.832. Based on the pre-earthquake baseline

post-earthquake anomalies

recovery continuity

and endpoint status

vegetation-greenness trajectories were classified into three types: recovery

fluctuating

and persistently low-greenness. The recovery type was dominant

accounting for 79.8% of landslide units

whereas 16.5% remained persistently low in greenness. Pre-earthquake NDVI and landslide surface area showed the clearest associations with vegetation-greenness damage and recovery

while the length-to-width ratio showed weaker associations

and mean slope and aspect showed no consistent relationships. Overall

earthquake-induced landslides on the eastern slope of Mount Gongga exhibited rapid but nonlinear early greening

with pronounced differences in recovery trajectories among individual landslide units

and some landslides still showing greenness deficits by the fourth observable post-earthquake growing season. This study reveals

at the landslide-unit scale

the transition of vegetation greenness from post-earthquake damage to differentiated recovery

providing a basis for identifying persistently low-greenness landslides and prioritizing areas for post-earthquake ecological restoration.

关键词

Keywords

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