江苏省农业科学院,江苏 南京,210014
沈悦(1986- ),女,副研究员,博士,主要从事油菜种质创新与遗传育种,E-mail: syjaas@163.com;
张维(1986- ),女,副研究员,硕士,主要从事油菜种质创新与遗传育种,E-mail: 20130032@jaas.ac.cn
收稿:2026-08-30,
纸质出版:2026-10-25
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沈悦,罗升,陈锋等.甘蓝型油菜萌发期耐碱性QTL定位及抗性资源筛选[J].中国油料作物学报,2026,48(05):64-76.
SHEN Yue,LUO Sheng,CHEN Feng,et al.QTL mapping and germplasm screening of alkaline tolerance in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) during germination stage[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2026,48(05):64-76.
沈悦,罗升,陈锋等.甘蓝型油菜萌发期耐碱性QTL定位及抗性资源筛选[J].中国油料作物学报,2026,48(05):64-76. DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026295.
SHEN Yue,LUO Sheng,CHEN Feng,et al.QTL mapping and germplasm screening of alkaline tolerance in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) during germination stage[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2026,48(05):64-76. DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026295.
油菜是修复和利用盐碱地的优势作物。针对当前油菜碱胁迫响应机理及耐碱种质创新较为薄弱的问题,为阐明油菜耐碱遗传机制、挖掘抗性优异种质,本研究以甘蓝型油菜重组自交系(RIL)群体为材料,设置35、37.5、40 mmol·L
-1
Na
2
CO
3
-NaHCO
3
(摩尔比2∶1)梯度碱胁迫处理,分别在胁迫第3 d、第6 d测定相对发芽率(RGR),开展萌发期耐碱性表型鉴定,并结合高密度SNP遗传图谱进行耐碱性QTL定位分析。结果表明:6个试验环境下共鉴定出49个耐碱性QTL,单个QTL可解释表型变异(PVE)为4.57%~22.8%,其中在多环境下可稳定检出的主效QTL(单个环境PVE ≥ 20%或多环境PVE ≥ 10%)共计6个,分别定位于A03染色体(2个)与A09染色体(4个)。结合RIL群体亲本重测序数据及拟南芥同源功能注释,在上述主效QTL置信区间内筛选获得8个油菜萌发期耐碱性候选基因。此外,本研究明确了37.5 mmol·L
-1
Na
2
CO
3
-NaHCO
3
累计胁迫6 d的RGR作为油菜萌发期耐碱性适宜鉴定指标,并筛选出6份优异耐碱种质。
Rapeseed is an excellent field crop for remediation and sustainable utilization of saline-alkali land. Systematic study on rapeseed alkali stress response and alkali-tolerant germplasm innovation are still limited. To dissect genetic basis of alkali tolerance
and to identify rapeseed elite alkali-tolerant resources
a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of
Brassica napus
was subjected to gradient alkali stress with 35
37.5
and 40 mmol·L
-1
Na
2
CO
3
-NaHCO
3
(2:1) mixed solutions. The relative germination rate (RGR) was measured at germination stage on the 3rd and 6th day after treatments
in order to classify the phenotype of their alkali tolerance. QTL mapping for alkali tolerance was further performed based on a high-density SNP genetic map. The results showed that a total of 49 consistent QTLs associated with alkali tolerance were identified across 6 environments
with individual QTL explaining 4.57%-22.8% of the phenotypic variation
. Among them
6 major-effect QTLs were stably detected across multiple environments (PVE ≥ 20% in a single-environment analysis
or PVE ≥ 10% in multi-environment analysis). These QTLs were mapped to chromosome A03 (2 QTLs) and chromosome A09 (4 QTLs)
respectively. By combining parental resequencing data of the RIL population and functional annotation of homologous genes in
Arabidopsis
8 candidate genes conferring alkali tolerance during seed germination were screened within the confidence intervals of these major-effect QTLs. Furthermore
the RGR under cumulative stress of 37.5 mmol·L
-1
Na
2
CO
3
-NaHCO
3
for 6 days was confirmed as a suitable evaluation index for alkali tolerance at rapeseed germination
and 6 elite alkali-tolerant germplasm were finally screened.
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