江苏丘陵地区南京农业科学研究所,江苏 南京,210046
王龙(1996- ),男,助理研究员,博士,作物逆境生理栽培,E-mail: 20250043@jaas.ac.cn
王士红(1982- ),女,副研究员,博士,向日葵栽培生理,E-mail: wshguyu@126.com
收稿:2026-01-20,
纸质出版:2026-10-25
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王龙,纪洪亭,王勇等.高温胁迫下烯效唑对向日葵幼苗表观形态与生理特征的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2026,48(05):180-189.
WANG Long,JI Hong-ting,WANG Yong,et al.Effects of uniconazole application on growth and physiological characteristics of sunflower seedlings under high-temperature stress[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2026,48(05):180-189.
王龙,纪洪亭,王勇等.高温胁迫下烯效唑对向日葵幼苗表观形态与生理特征的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2026,48(05):180-189. DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026016.
WANG Long,JI Hong-ting,WANG Yong,et al.Effects of uniconazole application on growth and physiological characteristics of sunflower seedlings under high-temperature stress[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2026,48(05):180-189. DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026016.
高温胁迫是抑制植物生长的非生物胁迫之一,烯效唑作为一种良好的植物生长调节剂,具有提升植物抗逆性的潜力。为研究高温胁迫下烯效唑使用对向日葵生长和生理特征的影响,设置常规温度和高温胁迫2个温度水平,烯效唑处理包括对照、4个拌种处理(2.5、5.0、7.5、10.0 g/L)和4个叶面喷施处理(0.5、0.75、1.0、1.5 g/L),共18个处理,测定向日葵幼苗的表观性状以及抗逆生理指标。结果表明,高温胁迫显著降低了幼苗的株高、茎粗和叶面积,同时降低了幼苗干重、根冠比和SPAD,而增加了丙二醛(MDA)含量,表明高温胁迫诱导了氧化损伤,抑制了向日葵幼苗的生长。烯效唑处理可以显著提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性,增强活性氧清除能力,但是,烯效唑浓度过高时会对幼苗产生显著的抑制效应。综上,采用2.5~5.0 g/L浓度的烯效唑拌种或于子叶展平期喷施0.50~0.75 g/L浓度的烯效唑,可在维持幼苗较高生长势的前提下,有效缓解高温胁迫引发的氧化损伤,进而促进壮苗的形成。
High-temperature stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that inhibit plant growth. To understand uniconazole effects on sunflower growth
experiments are conducted on seedlings’ physiological characteristics stressed by high-temperature stress. 2 levels as normal temperature and high-temperature are set
in combination with control and 4 uniconazole seed dressing concentrations (2.5
5.0
7.5
and 10.0 g/L)
and 4 uniconazole foliar spraying concentrations (0.5
0.75
1.0
and 1.5 g/L). The phenotypic traits and stress-resistant physiological indices of sunflower seedlings were measured. The results showed that high-temperature stress significantly reduced plant height
stem diameter
leaf area
dry weight
root-shoot ratio
and SPAD value of the seedlings
except malondialdehyde content
indicating that high-temperature stress induce oxidative damage and then inhibite seedling growth. Uniconazole application significantly enhances the activities of superoxide dismutase
catalase and peroxidase
thereby improves reactive oxygen species scavenging capacity of seedlings. Nevertheless
excessive high concentration of uniconazole exerts a distinct inhibitory effect on seedlings. In conclusion
seed dressing at concentrations of 2.5-5.0 g/L or foliar spraying at concentrations of 0.50-0.75 g/L at the cotyledon flattening stage could effectively alleviate oxidative damage caused by high-temperature stress while maintaining a relatively high plant growth potential
thus promoting strong seedlings.
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