河南省作物分子育种研究院/ 神农种业实验室/ 农业农村部黄淮海油料作物重点实验室/ 河南省油料作物遗传改良重点实验室,河南 郑州,450002
汪蒙蒙(1989- ),女,研究实习员,硕士,主要从事花生抗病育种工作,E-mail: wmm1113a@163.com
张新友,男,研究员,博士,主要研究方向为作物遗传育种,E-mail: haasz@126.com
收稿:2025-12-01,
纸质出版:2026-08-25
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汪蒙蒙,孙子淇,胡瑶君等.花生种质资源白绢病抗性鉴定与抗病种质筛选[J].中国油料作物学报,2026,48(04):32-38.
WANG Meng-meng,SUN Zi-qi,HU Yao-jun,et al.Identification and screening of peanut germplasm resources for resistance to southern blight[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2026,48(04):32-38.
汪蒙蒙,孙子淇,胡瑶君等.花生种质资源白绢病抗性鉴定与抗病种质筛选[J].中国油料作物学报,2026,48(04):32-38. DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2025261.
WANG Meng-meng,SUN Zi-qi,HU Yao-jun,et al.Identification and screening of peanut germplasm resources for resistance to southern blight[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2026,48(04):32-38. DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2025261.
花生白绢病是由齐整小核菌(
Sclerotium rolfsii
)引起的真菌性土传病害,对全球花生产业构成严重威胁,在我国花生主产区尤为突出,严重发病时花生产量损失常超50%,甚至绝收。本研究利用8份抗性不同的花生材料,采用菌饼贴壁接种法筛选合适的接种量,结果表明,当菌饼直径为0.7 cm时,能有效区分不同材料的抗性。利用该方法在人工气候室内对392份花生材料进行了苗期白绢病抗性鉴定,筛选出19份中抗(MR)材料。为进一步验证抗性种质的稳定性,本研究分别在温室和田间对392份种质进行了成株期抗性鉴定,其中温室成株期筛选出中抗(MR)材料5份;田间成株期筛选出3份材料表现出抗性。结合392份花生种质在不同环境条件下的鉴定结果,筛选出两份抗性种质,分别为Y135-241和PI。本研究不仅为花生抗白绢病遗传育种提供了核心材料,也为后续抗病基因定位、克隆及分子机制解析奠定了材料基础。
Peanut southern blight
a fungal soil-borne disease caused by the soil-borne fungus
Sclerotium
rolfsii
poses a severe threat to peanut production globally
especially in major cultivation regions of China
where it often leads to yield losses of over 50% and even total crop failure under severe infection condit
ions. In this study
eight peanut accessions with varying resistance levels were selected to optimize the inoculum dosage via the mycelia plug inoculation method. The results showed that a mycelia disc with 0.7 cm diameter effectively distinguished the resistance levels of different peanut accessions.Using this method
the resistance of 392 peanut accessions was evaluated at the seedling stage in an artificial climate chamber
leading to the identification of 19 moderately resistant (MR) materials. To further validate the stability of resistant germplasm
adult-plant resistance assays were conducted on all 392 accessions under both greenhouse and field conditions. Five moderately resistant (MR) accessions were screened in the greenhouse at the adult-plant stage
while three accessions exhibited resistance in the field at the adult-plant stage.Based on the evaluation results across diverse environments
two germplasm lines
Y135-241 and PI
were ultimately selected. This study will provide germplasm for genetic breeding of peanut resistance to southern blight
and lay a material foundation for subsequent mapping
cloning of resistance genes and dissection of molecular resistance mechanisms.
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