酸性淋滤液对碳酸盐岩的溶蚀损伤试验

宗劭康; 褚学伟; 张佳欣; 梁柱; 杨凤竹

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230633

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酸性淋滤液对碳酸盐岩的溶蚀损伤试验

工程地质与地质灾害 | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- 酸性淋滤液对碳酸盐岩的溶蚀损伤试验
- 酸性淋滤液对碳酸盐岩的溶蚀损伤试验
- 地质科技通报 2025年44卷第5期页码：225-233
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 贵州大学资源与环境工程学院
  2. 贵州大学喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(42062016)
- DOI：10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230633
  中图分类号： TD315;X703;P588.245
- 网络首发：2024-02-28，
  
  纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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宗劭康, 褚学伟, 张佳欣, 等. 酸性淋滤液对碳酸盐岩的溶蚀损伤试验[J]. 地质科技通报, 2025,44(5):225-233.

宗劭康, 褚学伟, 张佳欣, et al. 酸性淋滤液对碳酸盐岩的溶蚀损伤试验[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2025, 44(5): 225-233.
宗劭康, 褚学伟, 张佳欣, 等. 酸性淋滤液对碳酸盐岩的溶蚀损伤试验[J]. 地质科技通报, 2025,44(5):225-233. DOI： 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230633.

宗劭康, 褚学伟, 张佳欣, et al. 酸性淋滤液对碳酸盐岩的溶蚀损伤试验[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2025, 44(5): 225-233. DOI： 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230633.

摘要

强酸性废水对碳酸盐岩有很强的腐蚀性，可以导致碳酸盐岩的物理力学性质发生重大改变。为了研究酸性淋滤液对碳酸盐岩的溶蚀损伤和力学损伤，通过开展不同流速条件下，不同时长磷石膏酸性淋滤液对灰岩的溶蚀试验研究，分析了试验前后岩样的表观特征、质量、孔隙度、单轴抗压强度以及声发射计数等指标的变化规律，揭示了酸性淋滤液对碳酸盐岩物理力学特性的影响。试验结果表明：岩样的溶蚀率、孔隙度增量与溶蚀时间及淋滤液流速均成正相关关系，力学强度与溶蚀时间及淋滤液流速均成负相关关系。随着溶蚀的进行，岩样表面会附着越来越厚的萤石矿物，使得岩样的溶蚀速率变慢。单轴试样的破坏形式由剪切破坏向张拉破坏逐渐转变。在磷石膏淋滤液溶蚀的酸性环境下，灰岩内部矿物成分被溶解，从而引起宏观力学参数的变化。研究结果可为酸性废水影响条件下岩溶介质稳定性分析、酸性废水处理、尾矿工程安全设计等方面提供理论与试验数据依据。

Abstract

Strongly acidic wastewater exhibits significant corrosivity toward carbonate rocks

inducing substantial alterations in their physical and mechanical properties. ObjectiveThis study investigates the dissolution and mechanical degradation of carbonate rocks under the influence of acidic leachate. MethodsLimestone samples are subjected to acidic leachate under varying flow conditions and durations. The dissolution effects are evaluated through comprehensive analyses of apparent characteristics

mass loss

porosity

uniaxial compressive strength

acoustic emission activity

and other key indicators. These measurements elucidate the impact of the acidic leachate on the physical and mechanical properties of carbonate rocks. ResultsExperimental results demonstrate that the dissolution rate and porosity of the rock samples increase with prolonged exposure time and higher flow rates

whereas the mechanical strength exhibits a corresponding decline. As dissolution progresses

the formation of increasingly thicker fluorite mineral layers on the rock surfaces is observed

which subsequently attenuates the dissolution rate. Furthermore

the failure mode of uniaxial samples shifts from shear-dominated to tensile-dominated damage. The acidic environment of phosphogypsum leachate induces the dissolution of internal minerals within limestone

resulting in significant changes to macromechanical properties. ConclusionThese findings provide critical theoretical and experimental insights for assessing the stability of karst media under acidic wastewater conditions

as well as for optimizing the safety design of acidic wastewater treatment and tailings management systems.

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