1.广东省广州生态环境监测中心站,广东 广州, 510308
2.中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东 广州, 510275
琚鸿,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事环境监测综合分析和环境健康监测研究。E-mail:juh@gz.gov.cn
周素红,博士,教授。主要从事人文地理、城乡规划与地理信息科学研究。E-mail: eeszsh@mail.sysu.edu.cn
修回:2026-08-20,
纸质出版:2026-10-05
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琚鸿,陈韵凌,黄俞菱,等.多源感知数据驱动的PM2.5浓度-人群暴露及偏差时空格局研究——以广州为例[J].测绘地理信息,2026,51(5):160-168 DOI: 10.14188/j.2095-6045.20260414.
JU Hong,CHEN Yunling,HUANG Yuling,et al.Spatiotemporal Patterns of PM2.5 Concentration-Population Exposure Deviation Driven by Multi-source Sensing Data: A Case Study in Guangzhou[J].Journal of Geomatics,2026,51(5):160-168 DOI: 10.14188/j.2095-6045.20260414.
琚鸿,陈韵凌,黄俞菱,等.多源感知数据驱动的PM2.5浓度-人群暴露及偏差时空格局研究——以广州为例[J].测绘地理信息,2026,51(5):160-168 DOI: 10.14188/j.2095-6045.20260414. DOI:
JU Hong,CHEN Yunling,HUANG Yuling,et al.Spatiotemporal Patterns of PM2.5 Concentration-Population Exposure Deviation Driven by Multi-source Sensing Data: A Case Study in Guangzhou[J].Journal of Geomatics,2026,51(5):160-168 DOI: 10.14188/j.2095-6045.20260414. DOI:
随着污染防治进入精细化阶段,监测服务正由环境质量评价向环境健康风险预警转型。如何依托有限的固定监测站点,充分、精细地反映区域污染水平与人群暴露状况,已成为环境健康管理亟待回答的关键问题。本文以广州市为研究区域,基于55个监测站点逐小时PM
2.5
浓度数据与中国联通手机信令动态人口数据,构建基于集成嵌套拉普拉斯近似与随机偏微分方程(INLA-SPDE)贝叶斯分层模型,重建250 m格网逐小时浓度场,耦合动态人口计算人群暴露量,通过标准化偏差指数刻画浓度-暴露偏差的时空格局。结果表明:PM
2.5
浓度空间分布相对均匀,但人群暴露高度集中于中心城区,暴露不均等程度显著高于浓度分布,且该极化效应在各时段持续存在。暴露偏差呈昼低夜高特征,工作日峰值出现在通勤高峰与夜间,周末及节假日峰值前移;国庆期间人口外流使各时段暴露水平大幅下降(29%~41%)。空间上,偏差格局与中心‒边缘人口梯度紧密耦合,中心城区暴露被低估、外围被高估,偏差强度随人口作息节律动态变化。研究结果为城市精细化环境健康预警策略的制定提供科学依据与方法参考。
As air pollution prevention and control enters a more refined management stage, environmental monitoring is transitioning from environmental quality assessment toward environmental health risk alerts. Whether limited fixed monitoring stations can adequately capture regional pollution and population exposure at fine resolution has emerged as a critical issue in environmental health management. Taking Guangzhou as the study area, this paper constructs a Bay
esian hierarchical model based on the integrated nested Laplace approximation and stochastic partial differential equations (INLA-SPDE), which reconstructs hourly concentration fields on a 250-m grid by integrating hourly PM
2.5
concentration data from 55 monitoring stations with dynamic population data from China Unicom mobile signaling. Population exposure is then calculated by coupling the reconstructed concentration fields with dynamic population data, and the standardized deviation index is employed to characterize the spatiotemporal patterns of concentration–exposure deviations. The results show that while the spatial distribution of PM
2.5
concentrations is relatively uniform, population exposure is highly concentrated in the central urban area. The degree of exposure inequality significantly exceeds that of concentration inequality, and this disparity persists across all time periods. Exposure deviations exhibit a clear diurnal pattern, with lower values during daytime and higher values at nighttime. Weekday peaks occur during morning and evening commutes as well as at night, whereas weekend and holiday peaks shift to earlier evening hours. During the National Day holiday (October 1-7), population outflow results in substantial reductions (29%~41%) in exposure levels across all time periods. Spatially, the deviation pattern is closely tied to the center-periphery population gradient: concentration-based assessment underestimates exposure in the central urban area while overestimating it in peripheral areas, with deviation intensity varying dynamically with the diurnal rhythm of population activities. These findings inform the development of refined, population-centered environmental health early-warning strategies in urban settings.
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