1.武汉大学城市设计学院,湖北 武汉, 430072
2.武汉大学数字城市研究中心,湖北 武汉, 430072
詹庆明,教授,现主要从事城市治理与城市热环境研究。E-mail:qmzhan@whu.edu.cn
修回:2026-05-08,
纸质出版:2026-10-05
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詹庆明,陆亦潇,林凯.武汉都市发展区冷屋顶与绿色屋顶热环境改善效应分析[J].测绘地理信息,2026,51(5):27-33
ZHAN Qingming,LU Yixiao,LIN Kai.Analysis of the Thermal Environment Improvement Effects of Cool Roofs and Green Roofs in Wuhan Urban Development Zone[J].Journal of Geomatics,2026,51(5):27-33
詹庆明,陆亦潇,林凯.武汉都市发展区冷屋顶与绿色屋顶热环境改善效应分析[J].测绘地理信息,2026,51(5):27-33 DOI: 10.14188/j.2095-6045.20260128.
ZHAN Qingming,LU Yixiao,LIN Kai.Analysis of the Thermal Environment Improvement Effects of Cool Roofs and Green Roofs in Wuhan Urban Development Zone[J].Journal of Geomatics,2026,51(5):27-33 DOI: 10.14188/j.2095-6045.20260128.
为评估屋顶改造对城市热环境的改善效应,本文以武汉市都市发展区为研究对象,基于500 m分辨率的WRF城市模式构建对照情景与两类屋顶改造情景(冷屋顶、绿色屋顶),对北京时间2024年8月6日08:00~8月7日08:00的高温时段开展对比模拟,并通过地面观测资料对2 m气温与2 m相对湿度进行验证。结果表明:模式能够较好再现气温与湿度的日变化过程,气温一致性指标较高。在热环境响应方面,冷屋顶与绿色屋顶均可降低近地2 m气温,降温效应主要集中于白天关键时段,最低降温幅度接近0.5 ℃,夜间效应减弱并趋于收敛。空间上,白天降温信号在建成区呈现一定集聚性,体现出显著的空间异质性。机制诊断显示,冷屋顶主要通过削弱地表向大气的显热加热过程实现快速降温;绿色屋顶在抑制显热加热的同时显著增强蒸散,使地表能量更多以潜热形式释放,从而形成较为平缓且持续的降温响应。进一步采用对照情景气温第90百分位作为极端高温阈值统计发现,两类屋顶改造均能显著削减极端高温暴露面积,全天极端高温比例分别减少68.98%(冷屋顶)与58.40%(绿色屋顶),其中08:00~12:00与13:00~18:00时段削减效应最为突出。研究构建了屋顶改造热环境改善效应的评估与制图表达框架,可为城市更新背景下的高温风险治理与空间精细化调控提供参考。
To evaluate the effects of roof retrofitting on the urban thermal environment, this study takes the Wuhan Metropolitan Development Zone as the study area and applies the WRF urban model at a spatial resolution of 500 m to construct a control scenario and two roof-retrofitting scenarios, namely cool roofs and green roofs. Comparative simulations were conducted for the high-temperature period from 08:00 on 6 August to 08:00 on 7 August 2024 (Beijing Time), and the model results are validated using observed 2 m air temperature and 2 m relative humidity. The results show that the model reproduces the diurnal variations of temperature and humidity well, with relatively high agreement for air temperature. In terms of thermal-environment response, both cool roofs and green roofs reduce near-surface 2 m air temperature, and the cooling effect is mainly concentrated during key daytime periods, with the maximum cooling magnitude approaching 0.5 ℃, while the nighttime effect weakens and gradually converges. Spatially, daytime cooling signals exhibit a certain degree of clustering in built-up areas, indicating significant spatial heterogeneity. Mechanism analysis shows that cool roofs achieve rapid cooling mainly by weakening sensible heat transfer from the surface to the atmosphere, whereas green roofs not only suppress sensible heating but also markedly enhance evapotranspiration, causing more surface energy to be released as latent heat and thereby producing a more gradual and sustained cooling response. Further analysis using the 90th percentile of air temperature under the control scenario as the threshold for extreme heat shows that both roof-retrofitting strategies significantly reduce the area exposed to extreme high temperatures. Over the whole day, the proportion of extreme high-temperature grids decreases by 68.98% for cool roofs and 58.40% for green roofs, with the most pronounced reductions occurring during 08:00~12:00 and 13:00~18:00. This study establishes a framework for evaluating and mapping the effects of roof retrofitting at the urban scale, and provides a reference for heat-risk governance and fine-scale spatial regulation under urban renewal.
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