基于非参数检验的抽动障碍及共患注意缺陷多动障碍患儿的家庭环境及亲子关系研究

李昕阳; 符妙颖; 牛萍; 姚宝珍

doi:10.14188/j.1671-8852.2024.0728

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基于非参数检验的抽动障碍及共患注意缺陷多动障碍患儿的家庭环境及亲子关系研究

亲子关系与儿童心理疾病专题研究 | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- 基于非参数检验的抽动障碍及共患注意缺陷多动障碍患儿的家庭环境及亲子关系研究
- Family environment and parent⁃child relationship study on children with tic disorders and comorbid attention⁃deficit hyperactivity disorder based on non⁃parametric testing
- 武汉大学学报（医学版） 2025年46卷第10期页码：1254-1260
- 作者机构：
  
  武汉大学人民医院儿科湖北武汉 430060
- 作者简介：
  
  李昕阳，女，1999—，医学硕士生，主要从事儿童神经系统及儿童心理行为等相关疾病的研究，E⁃mail：571180760@qq.com
  姚宝珍，女，1962—，医学博士，一级主任医师，硕士生导师，主要从事儿童神经系统及儿童心理行为等相关疾病的研究，E⁃mail：professoryao@aliyun.com
- 基金信息：
  
  武汉大学医学腾飞计划资助项目(TFLC2018001)
- DOI：10.14188/j.1671-8852.2024.0728
  中图分类号： R749.94
- 收稿：2024-09-23，
  
  纸质出版：2025-10-25
- 稿件说明：
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李昕阳,符妙颖,牛萍等.基于非参数检验的抽动障碍及共患注意缺陷多动障碍患儿的家庭环境及亲子关系研究[J].武汉大学学报（医学版）,2025,46(10):1254-1260.

LI Xinyang,FU Miaoying,NIU Ping,et al.Family environment and parent⁃child relationship study on children with tic disorders and comorbid attention⁃deficit hyperactivity disorder based on non⁃parametric testing[J].Medical Journal of Wuhan University,2025,46(10):1254-1260.
李昕阳,符妙颖,牛萍等.基于非参数检验的抽动障碍及共患注意缺陷多动障碍患儿的家庭环境及亲子关系研究[J].武汉大学学报（医学版）,2025,46(10):1254-1260. DOI： 10.14188/j.1671-8852.2024.0728.

LI Xinyang,FU Miaoying,NIU Ping,et al.Family environment and parent⁃child relationship study on children with tic disorders and comorbid attention⁃deficit hyperactivity disorder based on non⁃parametric testing[J].Medical Journal of Wuhan University,2025,46(10):1254-1260. DOI： 10.14188/j.1671-8852.2024.0728.

摘要

目的

探索抽动障碍（TD）及共患注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的患儿的家庭环境、亲子关系、儿童心理状态与正常儿童是否存在差异，为预防及改善患儿预后提供可靠、科学的新思路，为减轻家庭及社会负担作出贡献。

方法

邀请TD、TD共患ADHD及正常儿童及其家长填写《家庭环境与亲子感知量表》，包含事实量表（4个维度：家长过激反应、亲子正向交互、家长高要求、家长间不和谐）和感知量表（5个维度：相处模式紧张、家庭恰当关注、家庭矛盾恐惧、儿童自我认同、儿童意愿忽略），并对共计88对亲子（176份问卷）的不同分组的儿童、家长得分情况进行数学统计分析。

结果

各分组儿童年龄分布无显著性差异，各项检验项目的得分在正常组家长与疾病组家长之间、正常组亲子之间均无显著性差异；性别在各疾病组别中的差异均存在统计学意义（分3组

=0.016，分2组

=0.027）；正常组儿童和疾病组儿童在维度7（家庭矛盾恐惧）、维度8（儿童自我认同）以及感知量表的得分存在显著差异（

=0.035、0.038、0.044）；疾病组的亲子得分在维度2（亲子正向交互）和维度8（儿童自我认同）、TD组的亲子得分在维度2（亲子正向交互）、共患组的亲子得分在维度8（儿童自我认同）存在显著亲子得分差异（

=0.012、0.018、0.025、0.006）。

结论

儿童对家庭矛盾恐惧大、自我认同低、家庭环境及自我感知评价较差，以及亲子双方对“亲子正向交互”“儿童自我认同”的认知程度差异大与TD及共患ADHD密切相关，本研究揭示了儿童家庭环境及其亲子认知差异与TD及共患ADHD之间存在联系的具体锚点，或可为心理行为治疗提供新的视角与切入点。

Abstract

Objective

To explore whether there are differences in the family environment

parent⁃child relationship

and psychological status of children with tic disorders (TD) and comorbid attention⁃deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared with typically developing children

so as to provide scientific and reliable evidence and novel strategies for preventing and improving the prognosis of these children

and to reduce the burden on their families and society.

Methods

Children with ADHD and TD comorbidities and their parents were invited to complete the "Family Environment and Parent⁃Child Perception Scale". This scale comprises a factual scale with four dimensions (parental overreaction

positive parent⁃child interaction

high parental demands and disharmony between parents)

and a perceptual scale with five dimensions (tense interaction patterns

appropriate family attention

family conflict fear

children's self⁃recognition and children's willingness to be ignored). Mathematical statistical analysis was conducted on the scores of 88 parent⁃child pairs (176 questionnaires) across different groups.

Results

There was no significant difference in age distribution among the children in each group

and the scores of various test items were not significantly different between parents in the normal group and parents in the disease group

or between parents and children in the normal group. There were statistically significant differences in gender among different disease groups (

=0.016 for 3 groups and

=0.027 for 2 groups). There were significant differences (

=0.035

0.038

and 0.044

respectively) in the scores of dimension 7 (family conflict fear)

dimension 8 (child self⁃recognition)

and perception scale between normal group children and disease group children. There were significant differences in parent⁃child scores between the disease group in dimension 2 (positive parent⁃child interaction) and dimension 8 (child self⁃recognition)

the tic group in dimension 2 (positive parent⁃child interaction)

and the comorbid group in dimension 8 (child self⁃recognition) (

=0.012

0.018

0.025

and 0

.006

respectively).

Conclusion

Children's fear of family conflicts

low self⁃identity

poor evaluation of family environment and self⁃perception

and significant differences in the cognitive level of "parent⁃child positive interaction" and "child self⁃identity" between parents and children are closely related to TD and comorbid ADHD. This study reveals the specific anchor points of the relationship between children's family environment and parent⁃child cognitive differences and TD and comorbid ADHD

which may provide new perspectives and entry points for psychological and behavioral therapy.

关键词

Keywords

references

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