新型冠状病毒感染疫情前后武汉地区手足口病患者的病原学与流行病学分析

马琳怡; 梁颖; 周虹; 伍仕敏; 王雷

doi:10.14188/j.1671-8852.2024.0608

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新型冠状病毒感染疫情前后武汉地区手足口病患者的病原学与流行病学分析

基础及临床医学研究 | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- 新型冠状病毒感染疫情前后武汉地区手足口病患者的病原学与流行病学分析
- Pathogenetic and epidemiologic analysis of hand⁃foot⁃mouth disease patients in Wuhan before and after COVID⁃19
- 武汉大学学报（医学版） 2025年46卷第4期页码：505-510
- 作者机构：
  
  1.长江航运总医院/武汉脑科医院检验科湖北武汉 430010
  2.武汉市金银潭医院检验科湖北武汉 430032
  3.湖北省疾病预防控制中心湖北武汉 430079
- 作者简介：
  
  马琳怡，女，1996—，理学硕士，检验技师，主要从事免疫调控机制与应用的研究，E⁃mail:linyi.ma@foxmail.com；刘，女,1977—,副主任技师,主要从事微生物学检验和感染性疾病实验室诊断的研究,E⁃mail:534629003@qq.com。马琳怡、刘为本文共同第一作者
  伍仕敏，女，1977—，医学博士，主任技师，主要从事感染性疾病实验室诊断以及实验室管理研究，E⁃mail:mintyrain@126.com
  王雷，男，1977—，医学硕士，主任医师，主要从事传染性疾病控制的研究，E⁃mail:372491281@qq.com
- 基金信息：
  
  武汉市卫生计生委科研计划资助项目(WX21C02)
- DOI：10.14188/j.1671-8852.2024.0608
  中图分类号： R183
- 收稿：2024-08-13，
  
  纸质出版：2025-04-25
- 稿件说明：
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马琳怡,梁颖,周虹等.新型冠状病毒感染疫情前后武汉地区手足口病患者的病原学与流行病学分析[J].武汉大学学报（医学版）,2025,46(04):505-510.

MA Linyi,LIU Ting,LIANG Ying,et al.Pathogenetic and epidemiologic analysis of hand⁃foot⁃mouth disease patients in Wuhan before and after COVID⁃19[J].Medical Journal of Wuhan University,2025,46(04):505-510.
马琳怡,梁颖,周虹等.新型冠状病毒感染疫情前后武汉地区手足口病患者的病原学与流行病学分析[J].武汉大学学报（医学版）,2025,46(04):505-510. DOI： 10.14188/j.1671-8852.2024.0608.

MA Linyi,LIU Ting,LIANG Ying,et al.Pathogenetic and epidemiologic analysis of hand⁃foot⁃mouth disease patients in Wuhan before and after COVID⁃19[J].Medical Journal of Wuhan University,2025,46(04):505-510. DOI： 10.14188/j.1671-8852.2024.0608.

摘要

目的

对新型冠状病毒感染疫情前后武汉地区手足口病（HFMD）进行病原学和流行病学特征研究，为本地区手足口病的防治提供科学依据。

方法

采集2018年1月至2019年6月（疫情前）和2023年3月至2024年4月（疫情后）武汉市金银潭医院收治的手足口病患者的咽拭子标本，采用实时荧光定量PCR方法进行肠道病毒核酸及其亚型检测，并与同期中国疾病预防控制中心统计的全国手足口病病例数进行比较。

结果

2018年1月—2019年6月共检测肠道病毒核酸4 920例，其中EV71亚型59例（1.20%）、CVA16亚型590例（11.99%）、CVA6亚型2 218例（45.08%）、CVA10亚型562例（11.42%）以及其他亚型1 491例（30.31%）。2023年3月—2024年4月共检测肠道病毒核酸466例，其中EV71亚型9例（1.93%）、CVA16亚型6例（1.29%）、CVA6亚型172例（36.91%）、CVA10亚型2例（0.43%）以及其他亚型277例（59.44%）。除EV71外，疫情前后手足口病病原体CVA16、CVA6、CVA10以及其他亚型的阳性率差异有统计学意义（

=49.56、

=11.52、

=54.88以及

=163.9，

0.001）。疫情前后手足口病患者中位年龄分别为1.58（0.92~3）岁和1.67（1~4）岁，差异有统计学意义（

0.001）。疫情后武汉地区以及全国手足口病病例数均明显低于疫情前同期水平，下半年未呈现出明显的高峰。

结论

疫情后武汉地区以及全国手足口病发病人数明显低于疫情前同期水平，武汉地区手足口病患者年龄比疫情前明显增大；疫情前武汉地区CVA6为主要优势亚型，而疫情后其他亚型呈主要流行趋势，提示受疫情影响病毒可能正在发生人群优势流行株的转化，需引起高度重视。

Abstract

Objective

To study the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of hand⁃foot⁃and⁃mouth disease (HFMD) in Wuhan before and after COVID⁃19

and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention

control

and treatment of HFMD in the region.

Methods

Pharyngeal swab specimens of patients with HFMD were collected in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital from January 2018 to June 2019 (pre⁃epidemic) and from March 2023 to April 2024 (post⁃epidemic). Enterovirus nucleic acids and their subtypes were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The number of HFMD cases in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital was compared with the number of HFMD cases nationwide counted by the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of China during the same period.

Results

A total of 4 920 cases of enterovirus nucleic acids were detected from January 2018 to June 2019

including 59 cases (1.20%) of EV71 subtype

590 cases (11.99%) of CVA16 subtype

2 218 cases (45.08%) of CVA6 subtype

562 cases (11.42%) of CVA10 subtype and 1 491 cases (30.31%) of other subtypes. A total of 466 cases of enterovirus nucleic acids were tested from March 2023 to April 2024

including 9 cases (1.93%) of EV71 subtype

6 cases (1.29%) of CVA16 subtype

172 cases (36.91%) of CVA6 subtype

2 cases (0.43%) of CVA10 subtype

and 277 cases (59.44%) of other subtypes. Except for EV71

there were significant differences in the pre and post⁃epidemic HFMD pathogen subtype distributions of CVA16

CVA6

and CVA10 as well as the positivity rates of the other subtypes (

=49.56

=11.52

=54.88

and

=163.9

0.001). The median age of HFMD patients was 1.58 (0.92⁃3) years before the epidemic and 1.67 (1⁃4) years after the epidemic

with a statistically significant difference (

0.001). The number of HFMD cases in Wuhan and the whole cou

ntry after the epidemic was significantly lower than the level in the same period before the epidemic

and no significant peak was observed in the second half of the year.

Conclusion

The number of HFMD cases in Wuhan after the epidemic was significantly lower than the level of the same period before the epidemic. The age of HFMD patients in Wuhan was significantly higher than that before the epidemic. CVA6 was the main dominant subtype in Wuhan before the epidemic

while other subtypes were the main epidemiologic trend after the epidemic. This suggests that the virus affected by the epidemic may be undergoing a transformation of the dominant epidemiologic strains in the population

which needs to be paid attention to.

关键词

Keywords

references

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