To elucidate the collision and adhesion mechanism between high-temperature sublimation particles and the insulating cavity in graphite electrode gas spark switches

this study establishes a theoretical model that couples collision dynamics with transient heat transfer. By using the melting depth of the insulating material as a key parameter to quantify adhesion strength

the model systematically analyzes how particle impact velocity

particle size

temperature and insulating material properties affect the collision heat transfer process and adhesion strength. The findings demonstrate that

although increasing particle velocity promotes rebound and reduces thermal exposure time

reducing particle temperature is a more effective approach to minimizing melting depth and weakening adhesion strength. Two strategies are proposed for optimization purposes. Firstly

the distance between the electrode and the chamber wall should be increased from 25 mm to 60 mm. Secondly

a 0.3 mm aluminium oxide ceramic coating should be applied. Experimental validation has confirmed that both approaches can be adopted to significantly reduce cavity surface contamination and facilitate easier removal. This study provides the theoretical foundations and innovative

thermal-management-centric design concepts to enhance the contamination resistance and operational reliability of gas switch insulating cavities.