As the core equipment of the power grid

the transformer presents the characteristics such as complex structure

dispersed geographical location and wide geographical distribution

which leads to the time-consuming and labor-intensive operation and maintenance of the equipment. Aiming at the problem of inadequate management and decision-making mechanism in operation and maintenance business of substation equipment

we put forward a method for the partition management and differentiated operation and maintenance decision of substation equipment considering the influence of multiple factors

so as to enhance the scientific and intelligent level of equipment management and decision-making

and reduce operational and maintenance costs. Firstly

a partition management method of substation equipment considering static factors such as equipment distribution

voltage level and carrying capacity of maintenance center is proposed

which realizes equipment management and the planning and site selection of each center under multi-operation and maintenance center mode. Secondly

a two-stage optimization model is constructed to address the differentiated maintenance requirements of substation equipment

incorporating dynamic factors such as equipment health status

operation and maintenance time constraints

and personnel carrying capacity. Then

an improved multi-objective differential evolution algorithm based on the path guidance mechanism of the Dijkstra algorithm is proposed

achieving the scheme decision-making for equipment operation and maintenance business. Finally

a case study of a regional power grid is carried out

and the practicability and efficiency of the proposed method in the paper are verified.