The power battery is a core device installed in automobiles for storing electrical energy and recharging to propel the vehicle. Its cell consistency directly impacts the operational performance of electrical vehicles

while equalization control is key to maintaining this consistency and ensuring stable battery operation. To address the issues of low equalization speed and inefficient energy utilization caused by repeated ineffective energy circulation among individual batteries in traditional equalization strategies

a battery odd-even grouping equalization control method based on coupled inductor was proposed. First

an active equalization topology for battery module utilizing coupled inductor is proposed. A characterization model for energy transfer via coupled inductor is established

and the odd-even grouping equalization mode is thoroughly analyzed. The energy flow paths for active battery module equalization are elucidated using graph theory. Subsequently

the odd-even grouping equalization control method and workflow are presented. By determining the charging/discharging states of odd-even grouped batteries based on their mean SOC values

and comparing individual battery SOC with the module average

the participation of individual batteries in the equalization process is dynamically adjusted. The real-time switching control minimizes ineffective energy circulation

thereby enhancing energy utilization efficiency. Finally

a simulation model of a battery module comprising six individual cells is developed. The results demonstrate that

compared to traditional extremum-based equalization strategies

the proposed method can be adopted to improve the equalization speed by up to 29.64% and energy utilization efficiency by up to 18.51%

validating the superiority of the proposed approach.