Power facility safety is the core guarantee for China's clean and low-carbon energy transition. With the large-scale construction of China's power infrastructure

the power grid and new energy scale ranks first in the world. However

power facilities have long faced the threat of extreme natural conditions and complex operating environments such as snow

lightning

and high humidity. Potential safety hazards

if not eliminated in time

are prone to cause chain failures

resulting in significant losses. Although artificial climate simulation laboratories have been established both domestically and internationally to carry out relevant research

there are discrepancies between the simulation results and actual conditions due to the lack of criteria for similarity between artificial simulations and natural environmental operations. Conducting field scientific observation experiments and obtaining natural environment operational data are crucial for understanding the failure and fault characteristics of power facilities and ensuring their safety. In order to meet the development needs

it is necessary to build a unified observation and test index system and standardization. This paper focuses on the scientific objectives and national major needs of power facility safety

and systematically discusses the tasks

contents

index

site

methods

quality control

data remittance and safeguards of observation and test under extreme conditions and complex environments. This paper provides practical reference for the effective promotion of the scientific observation and test research on field safety of power facilities and the standardization construction of the relevant field stations.