The quantification and evaluation of the carbon footprint of electric power equipment throughout its life cycle is a key step in the low-carbon transformation of energy and electric power. In this paper

the progress of research on the carbon footprint of power equipment products was comprehensively reviewed

the basic theory of product carbon footprint evaluation was analyzed

the development status of relevant standard systems and databases in China and abroad was sorted out

and the basic methodology and framework for quantifying and evaluating the carbon footprint of power equipment products was also summarized. In addition

the key power generation and transforming equipment was used to carry out case studies so as to put forward the technical path of carbon emission reduction. The results show that the carbon footprint of new energy power generation equipment

such as photovoltaic modules and wind turbines

mainly originates from the upstream processes including raw material acquisition and manufacturing. The carbon footprint of transformers

switchgear and other substation equipment mainly focuses on the use phase

with power loss and SF6 leakage as the main sources of carbon emissions. This paper further puts forward five key challenges as follows: establishing a carbon footprint standard system for power equipment

improving the carbon footprint database across the industrial chain

developing a refined carbon footprint quantification method for power equipment

deepening the study of dynamic carbon emission characteristics of multi-operating conditions

and exploring the path of international mutual recognition of carbon footprints. This paper provides theoretical supports for the carbon footprint certification and low-carbon transformation of power equipment

and helps the power industry to realize the goal of "cabon peak and carbon neutrality".