Recently

plasma technology has rapidly developed in the field of pathogenic microorganism inactivation and environmental disinfection

showing promising application prospects. This paper first introduces the generation principles and physical properties of low-temperature plasma

and then discusses the inactivation effect of plasma on different pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria

fungi

and viruses

as well as the factors influencing these effects. This paper also analyzes the physical-chemical mechanisms

cell-biological mechanisms

and their synergistic effects of both. Furthermore

the practical applications of plasma in microbial inactivation and environmental disinfection are discussed

including atmospheric environment

medical devices

wounds and skin surface

and oral cavity. Finally

this paper analyzes the current research status

existing problems

and future development trends and potential of plasma disinfection and sterilization technology.