饲喂鼠李糖乳杆菌对凡纳滨对虾生长性能和生理健康的影响

聂宇康; 张杰宁; 李少赟; 张学振

doi:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.025

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饲喂鼠李糖乳杆菌对凡纳滨对虾生长性能和生理健康的影响

动物科学·动物医学 | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- 饲喂鼠李糖乳杆菌对凡纳滨对虾生长性能和生理健康的影响
- Effects of dietary Lactobacillus rhamnosus on growth performance and physical health of Litopenaeus vannamei
- 华中农业大学学报 2026年45卷第3期页码：272-281
- 作者机构：
  
  1.华中农业大学水产学院/教育部长江经济带常规水产生物产业绿色发展工程研究中心，武汉 430070
  2.湖北洪山实验室，武汉 430070
- 作者简介：
  
  聂宇康，E-mail：yukang-nie@webmail.hzau.edu.cn
  张学振，E-mail：xuezhen@mail.hzau.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2400501)
- DOI：10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.025
  中图分类号： S963.73;S917.4
- 收稿：2025-05-05，
  
  纸质出版：2026-05-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
聂宇康，张杰宁，李少赟，等.饲喂鼠李糖乳杆菌对凡纳滨对虾生长性能和生理健康的影响［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（3）：272‐281.

NIE Yukang,ZHANG Jiening,LI Shaoyun,et al.Effects of dietary Lactobacillus rhamnosus on growth performance and physical health of Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(03):272-281.
聂宇康，张杰宁，李少赟，等.饲喂鼠李糖乳杆菌对凡纳滨对虾生长性能和生理健康的影响［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（3）：272‐281. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.025.

NIE Yukang,ZHANG Jiening,LI Shaoyun,et al.Effects of dietary Lactobacillus rhamnosus on growth performance and physical health of Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(03):272-281. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.025.

摘要

为综合评价鼠李糖乳杆菌（

Lactobacillus rhamnosus

）在凡纳滨对虾（

Litopenaeus vannamei

）养殖中的作用效果以及适宜的添加形式和添加量，以凡纳滨对虾幼虾［（1.60±0.15） g］为试验对象，设计7组饲料：对照组（CK组，基础饲料）、活菌组（LB1、LB2、LB3组，基础饲料中分别添加1×10

、1×10

CFU/g鼠李糖乳杆菌活菌）、灭活组（DB1、DB2、DB3组，基础饲料中分别添加1×10

、1×10

CFU/g热灭活鼠李糖乳杆菌），养殖周期为28 d，探索鼠李糖乳杆菌对凡纳滨对虾生长性能和生理健康的影响。结果显示：（1）LB1、LB2、LB3、DB2组的增重率分别较CK组显著增加5.35%、14.40%、9.78%和6.11%；（2）各处理组肠道中的淀粉酶、脂肪酶活性均显著升高；（3）LB2和DB2组的肌肉中n-3与n-6多不饱和脂肪酸的比值显著提升，分别较CK组提高5.41%和11.49%，其中DB2组多不饱和脂肪酸的总含量较CK组显著升高；（4）所有鼠李糖乳杆菌添加组对虾血清中酚氧化酶和溶菌酶的活性均显著高于CK组，热灭活组凡纳滨对虾血清中总一氧化氮合成酶活性显著增加；（5）LB2、DB2、DB3组对虾的肝胰腺中酸性磷酸酶活性分别显著提高31.51%、28.44%和22.12%，除DB1组外，各添加组的碱性磷酸酶活性显著提高；（6）与CK组相比，各处理组中肝胰腺的肝小管管腔呈星型结构，细胞排列整齐，肝胰腺健康状态

得到改善。以上结果表明，鼠李糖乳杆菌的添加显著提高了凡纳滨对虾的生长性能、肌肉品质、免疫性能和肠道消化酶的活性，改善了肝胰腺的健康状态，其中以1×10

CFU/g的活菌组和热灭活组效果最佳。

Abstract

To comprehensively evaluate the effects of

Lactobacillus rhamnosus

on the culture of

Litopenaeus vannamei，

as well as to determine the optimal form and dosage of its supplementation， seven experimental diets were formulated for　juvenile

L. vannamei

［（1.60±0.15） g］. These included control group （group CK， basal diet）， three live bacteria groups （LB1， LB2， LB3， with the diet supplemented with 1×10

， 1×10

CFU/g of

L. rhamnosus

， respectively）， and three heat-inactivated bacteria groups （DB1， DB2， DB3， with the diet supplemented with 1×10

， 1×10

CFU/g of heat-inactivated

L. rhamnosus

， respectively）. A 28-day culture trial was conducted to investigate the effects of

L. rhamnosus

on the growth performance and physiological health of

L. vannamei

. The results revealed the following：（1） Compared to the CK group， the weight gain rates of the LB1， LB2， LB3， and DB2 groups increased by 5.35%， 14.40%， 9.78%， and 6.11%， respectively （

0.05）. （2） Intestinal amylase and lipase activities were significantly enhanced in all treatment groups （

0.05）. （3） The ratio of n-3 to n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFAs） in the muscles of the LB2 and DB2 groups increased significantly by 5.41% and 11.49%， respectively， compared with the CK group （

0.05）. Furthermore， the total PUFA content in the DB2 group demonstrated a significant increase compared with the CK group （

0.05）. （4） All

L. rhamnosus

supplemented groups exhibited enhanced serum phenoloxidase and lysozyme activities relative to the control （

0.05）. Notably， the heat-inactivated gro

ups exhibited a significant increase in total nitric oxide synthase activity （

0.05）. （5） Acid phosphatase activity in the hepatopancreas of shrimp in the LB2， DB2， and DB3 groups increased significantly by 31.51%， 28.44%， and 22.12%， respectively （

0.05）， while alkaline phosphatase activity increased in all groups except DB1 （

0.05）. （6） Histological analysis revealed improved hepatopancreatic health in treatment groups， characterized by organized cellular arrangements and distinctive stellate luminal structures in hepatic tubules. In conclusion， dietary supplementation with

L. rhamnosus

significantly enhances growth performance， muscle quality， immune responses， and digestive enzyme activity in

L. vannamei

， while also improving hepatopancreatic histomorphology. Optimal effects were achieved at a concentration of 1×10⁷ CFU/g for both viable and heat-inactivated formulations.

关键词

Keywords

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