环境毒素对家畜卵母细胞的影响及防护策略

李德学; 毛子鹏; 蒲跃进; 黄京书; 姜贤; 王峻; 潘爱銮

doi:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.024

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环境毒素对家畜卵母细胞的影响及防护策略

动物科学·动物医学 | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- 环境毒素对家畜卵母细胞的影响及防护策略
- Mechanisms of environmental toxin-induced damage to livestock oocytes and protective strategies
- 华中农业大学学报 2026年45卷第3期页码：265-271
- 作者机构：
  
  1.湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所/动物胚胎工程及分子育种湖北省重点实验室，武汉 430064
  2.湖北省畜牧技术推广总站，武汉 430064
- 作者简介：
  
  李德学，E-mail: 280191786@qq.com
  王峻，E-mail：1399250737@qq.com
  潘爱銮，E-mail：514714489@qq.com
- 基金信息：
  
  湖北省院士专家畜牧产业科技服务“515”行动（协同推广）项目(2018skjcx06);湖北省禽蛋产业技术体系项目(2025HBSTX4-04)
- DOI：10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.024
  中图分类号： S814
- 收稿：2025-07-10，
  
  纸质出版：2026-05-25
- 稿件说明：
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李德学，毛子鹏，蒲跃进，等.环境毒素对家畜卵母细胞的影响及防护策略［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（3）：265‐271.

LI Dexue,MAO Zipeng,PU Yuejin,et al.Mechanisms of environmental toxin-induced damage to livestock oocytes and protective strategies[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(03):265-271.
李德学，毛子鹏，蒲跃进，等.环境毒素对家畜卵母细胞的影响及防护策略［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（3）：265‐271. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.024.

LI Dexue,MAO Zipeng,PU Yuejin,et al.Mechanisms of environmental toxin-induced damage to livestock oocytes and protective strategies[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(03):265-271. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.024.

摘要

随着环境污染问题日益严重，各类环境毒素对家畜生殖系统的影响已成为制约畜牧业发展的关键因素。本文系统分析了农业环境中常见毒素（包括霉菌毒素、增塑剂、多环芳烃、多氯联苯等）对卵母细胞质量的影响机制，重点探讨了这些毒素通过诱导氧化应激、破坏细胞骨架和诱导线粒体功能障碍等机制损害卵母细胞成熟和胚胎发育的过程。同时，全面总结了目前研究的防护策略，特别是褪黑素、葡萄籽原花青素、甘氨酸等天然物质的保护效应及其作用靶点。此外，从畜牧业实际应用的角度，评估了这些保护策略在提升家畜繁殖效率中的应用潜力，并提出了未来研究应关注的整体动物暴露模型、多毒素联合效应及优化递送效率等方向，以期为防治环境污染导致的繁殖障碍提供理论依据。

Abstract

With the worsening of environmental pollution，the impact of various environmental toxins on the reproductive systems of livestock has become a critical factor restricting the development of animal husbandry.This paper systematically analyzes the mechanisms by which common toxins in the agricultural environment，including mycotoxins，plasticizers，polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons，and polychlorinated biphenyls，etc.，affect oocyte quality.It focuses on how these toxins impair oocyte maturation and embryonic development through mechanisms such as inducing oxidative stress，damaging the cytoskeleton，and causing mitochondrial dysfunction.Additionally，the paper provides a comprehensive summary of current protective strategies，particularly highlighting the protective effects of natural substances such as melatonin，grape seed proanthocyanidins，and glycine，along with their molecular targets.Furthermore，from the perspective of practical application in animal husbandry，this paper evaluates the potential of these protective strategies to enhance livestock reproductive efficiency.It proposes that future research should focus on whole-animal exposure models，the combined effects of multiple toxins，and optimizing delivery efficiency，with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for preventing and controlling reproductive disorders caused by environmental pollution.

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Keywords

references

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