面向植物生长监测的纳米传感器：工作机制与系统集成应用示例

叶婷; 罗真; 徐雯颍; 李家其; 张友昌; 王孝刚; 宋智勇

doi:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.002

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面向植物生长监测的纳米传感器：工作机制与系统集成应用示例

农业人工智能专题 | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- 面向植物生长监测的纳米传感器：工作机制与系统集成应用示例
- Nano-sensors for monitoring plant growth： working principles and examples of system integration in applications
- 华中农业大学学报 2026年45卷第3期页码：18-33
- 作者机构：
  
  1.武汉船舶职业技术学院计算机信息技术学院，武汉 430050
  2.华中农业大学作物纳米生物学与技术中心，武汉 430070
  3.湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所，武汉 430064
  4.华中农业大学化学学院，武汉430070
- 作者简介：
  
  叶婷，E-mail：Ytwhh199@163.com
  宋智勇，E-mail：songzhiyong@mail.hzau.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(22577034);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210504006)
- DOI：10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.002
  中图分类号： S24;TP212
- 收稿：2025-09-03，
  
  纸质出版：2026-05-25
- 稿件说明：
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叶婷，罗真，徐雯颍，等.面向植物生长监测的纳米传感器：工作机制与系统集成应用示例［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（3）：18‐33.

YE Ting,LUO Zhen,XU Wenying,et al.Nano-sensors for monitoring plant growth： working principles and examples of system integration in applications[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(03):18-33.
叶婷，罗真，徐雯颍，等.面向植物生长监测的纳米传感器：工作机制与系统集成应用示例［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（3）：18‐33. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.002.

YE Ting,LUO Zhen,XU Wenying,et al.Nano-sensors for monitoring plant growth： working principles and examples of system integration in applications[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(03):18-33. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.03.002.

摘要

智慧农业的发展亟须超越传统环境监测，实现对植物内在生理状态的精准、实时感知。纳米传感器凭借其纳米尺度效应所带来的超高灵敏度、卓越特异性及与生物体系的良好相容性，为原位、无损、动态解析植物生理过程提供了前所未有的技术工具。本文系统综述了面向植物生长监测的纳米传感器的设计原理、材料体系与应用前沿，重点剖析了纳米传感器在植物体内关键生理信号分子（如H

、Ca

、植物激素等）动态检测中的机制与效能。探讨了纳米传感数据（如近红外荧光影像、高频电化学信号）的特有属性对农业物联网、数据挖掘与智能建模提出的新挑战与新兴解决方案；通过结合一个集成多源纳米传感数据的“智慧种植分析系统”实例，详细阐述了从数据采集、智能处理到决策支持的全链条集成路径。从材料创新、智能抗干扰、系统集成与风险评估4个维度，对纳米传感器在迈向规模化田间应用中所面临的瓶颈问题与未来发展方向进行了系统性展望。

Abstract

The development of intelligent agriculture urgently needs to transcend traditional environmental monitoring to achieve precise and real-time perception of the internal physiological state of plants. Nano-sensors provide unprecedented technological tools for the

in situ

， non-destructive， and dynamic analysis of plant physiological processes due to its ultra-high sensitivity， excellent specificity， and good biocompatibility with biological systems brought about by nanoscale effects. This article systematically reviewed the principles of design， material systems， and cutting-edge applications of nano-sensors for monitoring plant growth， with a focus on analyzing the mechanisms and efficacy of nano-sensors in the dy

namic detection of key physiological signaling molecules including H₂O₂， Ca²⁺， phytohormones within plants. The new challenges and emerging solutions presented by the unique properties of nano-sensing data including near-infrared fluorescence imaging and high-frequency electrochemical signals for agricultural Internet of Things （IoT）， data mining， and intelligent modeling were discussed. The full-chain integration pathway from data acquisition and intelligent processing to decision support was elaborated in detail by combining an example of an “Intelligent planting analysis system” that integrates multi-source nano-sensing data. The bottlenecks and development directions of nano-sensors in moving towards large-scale field applications in the future was systematically prospected from four dimensions including material innovation， intelligent anti-interference， system integration， and risk assessment. It will provide a solid theoretical reference for studying the intersection of intelligent agriculture and nanotechnology.

关键词

Keywords

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