免耕覆盖下配方肥与有机肥配施对直播油菜产量和水肥利用效率的影响

张玥; 陶明聪; 李小坤; 汪社亮; 丁广大; 徐芳森

doi:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.02.016

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免耕覆盖下配方肥与有机肥配施对直播油菜产量和水肥利用效率的影响

资源与环境 | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- 免耕覆盖下配方肥与有机肥配施对直播油菜产量和水肥利用效率的影响
- Effects of combined application of formula fertilizer and organic fertilizer on yield and water-fertilizer use efficiency of direct-seeded rapeseed under no-tillage and mulching
- 华中农业大学学报 2026年45卷第2期页码：155-164
- 作者机构：
  
  华中农业大学资源与环境学院，武汉 430070
- 作者简介：
  
  张玥，E-mail：zhangyue1@webmail.hzau.edu.cn
  徐芳森，E-mail： fangsenxu@mail.hzau.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  农业科技重大项目
- DOI：10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.02.016
  中图分类号： S565.4
- 收稿：2025-04-23，
  
  纸质出版：2026-03-15
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
张玥，陶明聪，李小坤，等.免耕覆盖下配方肥与有机肥配施对直播油菜产量和水肥利用效率的影响［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（2）：155‐164.

ZHANG Yue,TAO Mingcong,LI Xiaokun,et al.Effects of combined application of formula fertilizer and organic fertilizer on yield and water-fertilizer use efficiency of direct-seeded rapeseed under no-tillage and mulching[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(02):155-164.
张玥，陶明聪，李小坤，等.免耕覆盖下配方肥与有机肥配施对直播油菜产量和水肥利用效率的影响［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（2）：155‐164. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.02.016.

ZHANG Yue,TAO Mingcong,LI Xiaokun,et al.Effects of combined application of formula fertilizer and organic fertilizer on yield and water-fertilizer use efficiency of direct-seeded rapeseed under no-tillage and mulching[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(02):155-164. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.02.016.

摘要

为建立长江中下游稻-油轮作体系油菜高产和水肥高效利用的协同技术模式，以甘蓝型油菜品种‘大地199’为试验材料，开展大田小区试验。设置4个处理，分别为T1：传统种植不施肥；T2：传统种植常规施肥；T3：传统种植施用配方肥；T4：免耕覆盖+配方肥+有机肥，分析不同处理下油菜苗期光合指标，成熟期产量、产量构成因子、养分累积、水分和肥料利用效率。结果显示：相比T2和T3处理，T4处理提高油菜净光合速率、SPAD值、叶面积和瞬时水分利用效率，且与T2处理间差异显著（

0.05）。T4处理分别较T2和T3处理产量增加20.5%和12.0%，主要是通过提高单株角果数、每角果粒数、角果长度和千粒重来实现增产。不同处理中，T4处理的籽粒氮磷钾养分积累量和养分占比最高，但根部、茎秆和角果皮中的磷钾积累均小于T2处理。肥料贡献率、肥料农学利用率、肥料偏生产力、肥料生理利用率和水分利用效率均表现为T4

T2，T4较T2处理分别提高16.5%、53.1%、31.2%、48.7%和20.7%。除肥料贡献率以外，T4与T2处理之间差异显著。T3处理的水肥利用效率同样优于T2处理，但二者之间差异不显著。综上，直播油菜采用免耕覆盖+配方肥+有机肥是长江中下游地区可以推广的一种实现油菜高产和水肥高效利用的种植模式。

Abstract

Brassica napus

cultivar ‘Dadi 199’ was used to conduct a field plot experimen

t to establish a collaborative technical mode for high-yield rapeseed and efficient utilization of water-fertilizer in the rice-rapeseed rotation system in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.Four treatments including T1 （conventional cultivation without fertilization），T2 （conventional cultivation with conventional fertilization），T3 （conventional cultivation with formula fertilizer），and T4 （no-tillage and mulching combined with formula and organic fertilizers） were set up.The effects of different treatments on the photosynthetic parameters，yield，components of yield，nutrient accumulation，and water-fertilizer use efficiency were analyzed.Results showed that the net photosynthetic rate，SPAD value，leaf area，and instantaneous water use efficiency in T4 was enhanced compared to that in T2 and T3，with a significant difference between T4 and T2 （

0.05）.T4 achieved a 20.5% and 12.0% increase in yield compared to that in T2 and T3 mainly by increasing the siliques per plant，seeds per silique，silique length and 1 000-seed weight.Among different treatments，T4 had the highest accumulation and proportion of nitrogen，phosphorus，and potassium nutrients in seeds，but the accumulation of phosphorus and potassium in the roots，stems，and silique walls was lower than that in T2.The contribution rate，agronomic utilization rate，partial productivity，physiological utilization rate of fertilizer，and the use rate of water followed the order of T4

T2，with an increase of 16.5%，53.1%，31.2%，48.7%，and 20.7% in T4，respectively，compared to that in T2.There was a significant difference between T4 and T2，except for the contribution rate of fertilizer.The water-fertilizer utilization efficiency in T3 was better than that in T2，with no significant difference between the two.It is indicated that T4 （no-tillage and mulching combined with formula and organic fertilizers） for direct-seeded rapeseed is a planting mode suitable for promotion in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River region to achieve the

high-yield and efficient utilization of water-fertilizer of rapeseed.

关键词

Keywords

references

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