泥鳅DNA甲基转移酶基因家族结构及时空表达

向玉梅; 苏君晓; 曾燏; 周小云

doi:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.01.023

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泥鳅DNA甲基转移酶基因家族结构及时空表达

动物科学·动物医学 | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- 泥鳅DNA甲基转移酶基因家族结构及时空表达
- Structure and spatiotemporal expression analysis of DNA methyltransferase gene family of loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus
- 华中农业大学学报 2026年45卷第1期页码：255-265
- 作者机构：
  
  1.华中农业大学水产学院，武汉 430070
  2.广西壮族自治区水产引育种中心，南宁 530001
  3.西华师范大学生命科学学院/西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室，南充 637009
  4.成都师范学院化学与生命科学学院，成都 611130
- 作者简介：
  
  向玉梅，E-mail： 1353859613@qq.com
  曾燏，E-mail： zengyu_cwnu@163.com
  周小云，E-mail： zhouxy@mail.hzau.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室开放基金(XNYB17-1)
- DOI：10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.01.023
  中图分类号： S917.4;Q959.46⁺8
- 收稿：2024-03-04，
  
  纸质出版：2026-01-15
- 稿件说明：
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向玉梅，苏君晓，曾燏，等.泥鳅DNA甲基转移酶基因家族结构及时空表达［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（1）：255‐265.

XIANG Yumei,SU Junxiao,ZENG Yu,et al.Structure and spatiotemporal expression analysis of DNA methyltransferase gene family of loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(01):255-265.
向玉梅，苏君晓，曾燏，等.泥鳅DNA甲基转移酶基因家族结构及时空表达［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（1）：255‐265. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.01.023.

XIANG Yumei,SU Junxiao,ZENG Yu,et al.Structure and spatiotemporal expression analysis of DNA methyltransferase gene family of loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(01):255-265. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.01.023.

摘要

为深入解析DNA甲基化对泥鳅等硬骨鱼类基因表达调控的作用机制，基于转录组测序数据，用hiTAIL-PCR技术克隆获得泥鳅DNA甲基转移酶基因家族

dnmts

的启动子序列，并用qRT-PCR和原位杂交技术分析

dnmts

的时空表达特征。结果显示，维持甲基化酶

dnmt1

与从头甲基化酶

dnmt3s

的亚细胞定位、N端调控结构域存在较大的差异，

dnmt1

的调控域包含DMAP、PBD、CXXC和BAH保守结构域，而

dnmt3s

包含PWWP、ADD或CH结构域，提示

dnmt1

和

dnmt3s

间存在较大的功能分化。在4个

dnmts

的启动子序列上，均预测到典型元件TATA-box，以及CREB、Egr-1、Pit-1等与胚胎发育、生长、繁殖等相关的转录因子结合位点。4个

dnmts

的表达量均与发育阶段相关、呈动态变化，在卵裂期到囊胚期的快速卵裂阶段，

dnmt1

高表达，而在胚胎后期的器官分化阶段，

dnmt3aa

和

dnmt3ab

高表达。在成鱼阶段，

dnmt1

在性腺中高表达，

dnmt3aa

和

dnmt3ab

在脑中高表达，而

dnmt3b

在性腺、脑和肌肉中均有较高的表达水平。

Dnmts

的表达呈明显的性别二态性，

dnmt1

和

dnmt3b

在卵巢中高表达，而

dnmt3aa

和

dnmt3ab

则在精巢中高表达。原位杂交结果显示，

dnmt3aa

在卵巢的生殖细胞和体细胞中均有表达，而

dnmt3ab

仅在卵巢的体细胞中表达。以上结果表明，泥鳅

dnmts

各成员之间存在功能分化，并在特定的发育阶段和组织中发挥重要功能。

Abstract

To analyze the mechanism of DNA methylation in regulating gene expression in teleost such as the loach

Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

， the promoter sequences of DNA methyltransferase gene family

（

dnmts

） of

M. anguillicaudatus

were cloned using the hiTAIL-PCR method based on transcriptome sequencing data， and the spatiotemporal expression patterns of

dnmts

were then analyzed using qRT-PCR and in situ hybridization techniques. The results showed significant differences in the subcellular localization and the N-terminal regulatory domain. The regulatory domain of

dnmt1

includes the conserved domains DMAP， PBD， CXXC， and BAH， while

dnmt3s

contain the domains PWWP， ADD， or CH， indicating a notable functional differentiation between

dnmt1

and

dnmt3s

. Such functional differentiation was further confirmed by the phylogenetic tree constructed based on amino acid sequences. In the promoter sequences of the 4

dnmts

， besides the typical functional element TATA-box， several transcription factor binding sites related to embryonic development， growth， and reproduction were also predicted， such as CREB，Egr-1 and Pit-1. The expression levels of the 4

dnmts

were all associated with the developmental stages and exhibited dynamic changes. During the rapid cleavage stage， from the cleavage stage to the blastocyst stage，

dnmt1

was highly expressed， while during the organ differentiation stage in later embryonic development，

dnmt3aa

and

dnmt3ab

were highly expressed. In adult fish，

dnmt1

was highly expressed in the gonads；

dnmt3aa

and

dnmt3ab

were highly expressed in the brain， while

dnmt3b

showed high expression in the gonads and muscles. Additionally， the expression of

dnmts

exhibited obvious sex dimorphism： the expression levels of

dnmt1

and

dnmt3b

were significantly higher in the ovaries than in the testis， while

dnmt3aa

and

dnmt3ab

showed the opposite pattern. The results of

in situ

hybridization showed that

dnmt3aa

was expressed in both germ cells and somatic cells of the ovary， whereas

dnmt3ab

was expressed only in the somatic cells of the ovary. These findings indicate functional differentiation among the members of

the

dnmts

family in

M. anguillicaudatus

， suggesting that they play important roles in specific developmental stages and tissues.

关键词

Keywords

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