不同浓度沼液和沼渣/有机肥配施对土壤和大豆的作用效应

龚婷; 刘胜; 徐超; 李骏; 张鑫; 牛文娟; 袁巧霞

doi:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.01.021

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不同浓度沼液和沼渣/有机肥配施对土壤和大豆的作用效应

资源与环境 | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- 不同浓度沼液和沼渣/有机肥配施对土壤和大豆的作用效应
- Effects of combined application of biogas slurry with different concentrations and biogas residue/organic fertilizer on soil and soybeans
- 华中农业大学学报 2026年45卷第1期页码：236-245
- 作者机构：
  
  1.华中农业大学工学院，武汉430070
  2.武汉大学资源与环境科学学院，武汉430079
- 作者简介：
  
  龚婷，E-mail：2274651991@qq.com
  袁巧霞，E-mail：qxyuan@mail.hzau.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  农业科技重大项目
- DOI：10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.01.021
  中图分类号： S216.4
- 收稿：2025-02-25，
  
  纸质出版：2026-01-15
- 稿件说明：
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龚婷，刘胜，徐超，等.不同浓度沼液和沼渣/有机肥配施对土壤和大豆的作用效应［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（1）：236‐245.

GONG Ting,LIU Sheng,XU Chao,et al.Effects of combined application of biogas slurry with different concentrations and biogas residue/organic fertilizer on soil and soybeans[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(01):236-245.
龚婷，刘胜，徐超，等.不同浓度沼液和沼渣/有机肥配施对土壤和大豆的作用效应［J］.华中农业大学学报，2026，45（1）：236‐245. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.01.021.

GONG Ting,LIU Sheng,XU Chao,et al.Effects of combined application of biogas slurry with different concentrations and biogas residue/organic fertilizer on soil and soybeans[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2026,45(01):236-245. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2026.01.021.

摘要

为应对土壤结构破坏及养分流失对生态环境和食品安全带来的严峻挑战，同时实现沼液废物资源的高值化利用，以沼液作为液体肥料、沼渣和有机肥作为固体肥料，以大豆为供试作物，在大棚栽培条件下探究了沼肥施用浓度和配施方法对0~80 cm深度土壤理化性质和大豆产量的影响

。沼肥配施方法和施用浓度组合包括单施有机肥（TK1）、干式发酵沼液作基肥结合有机肥追肥（TK2）、单施干式发酵沼液（TK3）、沼渣作基肥结合湿式发酵沼液追肥（TK4）、沼渣作基肥结合有机肥追肥（TK5）和沼渣/有机肥混作基肥结合湿式发酵沼液追肥（TK6），设置原土（校园绿化土）为空白对照组（CK）。结果显示，耕作层土壤碱解氮和速效磷含量提升最高的施肥处理为TK6组，分别增加3.56和2.44倍；土壤耕作层速效钾含量增幅最高的处理组为TK3组，增加9.37倍；在60~80 cm深层土壤，施用干式发酵沼液全氮和全钾易向下迁移，施用湿式发酵沼液全磷易向下迁移至80 cm土层。不同施肥处理组土壤团粒体结构存在显著差异；TK1处理显著增加了土壤小团粒体的数量，增幅为25.2%；TK3处理则增加了土壤大中团粒体的数量，增幅为1.68%；相较于其他处理，TK1处理组中土壤氮损失最大，大豆产量最低，而TK4处理组中大豆产量最高，约为4 350 kg/hm

。综上，单施干式发酵沼液显著提升土壤耕作层养分含量、养分更易向下迁移，沼渣作基肥结合湿式发酵沼液追肥更有利于提升大豆产量。

Abstract

The effects of application concentration of biogas fertilizer and method of combined application on the physicochemical properties of soil and the soybean yield at a depth of 0-80 cm were studied under greenhouse cultivation with biogas slurry as liquid fertilizer，biogas residue and organic fertilizer as solid fertilizer，and soybean as tested crop to address the severe challenges posed by the damage of soil structure and nutrient loss to the ecological environment and food safety，while achieving the high-value utilization of waste resources from biogas slurry. The combined application methods and concentration combinations of biogas manure included organic fertilizer alone （TK1），dry fermentation biogas slurry as basal fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer as topdressing （TK2），dry fermentation biogas slurry alone （TK3），biogas residue as basal fertilizer combined with wet fermentation biogas slurry as topdressing （TK4），biogas residue as basal fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer as topdressing （TK5） and biodigne/organic fertilizer mixed base fertilizer combined with wet fermentation biogas slurry as topdressing （TK6）. The original soil （campus green soil） was set as the blank control group （CK）. The results showed that TK6 had the highest increase in the content of alkaline nitrogen and available phosphorus in the tillage layer of soil，which increased by 3.56 and 2.44 times，respectively. TK3 had the highest increase in the content of availa

ble potassium in the tillage layer of soil，with an increase of 9.37 times. The content of total nitrogen and total potassium in the dry fermentation biogas slurry were easy to migrate downward at a depth of 60-80 cm in soil，and the content of total phosphorus in the wet fermentation biogas slurry was easy to migrate downward at a depth of 80 cm in soil. The structure of soil aggregates was significantly affected by the treatment of fertilization. TK1 significantly increased the number of small soil aggregates by 25.2%. TK3 increased the number of large and medium aggregates in soil by 1.68%. Compared with other treatments，the TK1 had the highest loss of nitrogen in soil and the lowest yield of soybeans，while TK4 had the highest yield of soybeans about 4 350 kg/hm

. It is indicated that the application of dry fermented biogas slurry alone significantly increases the content of nutrients in the tillage layer of soil and makes it easier for nutrients to migrate downwards. The combination of biogas residue as base fertilizer and wet fermented biogas slurry as topdressing is more conducive to improving the yield of soybeans.

关键词

Keywords

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