华中农业大学资源与环境学院/生态环境部土壤健康诊断与绿色修复重点实验室,武汉 430070
熊娟,E-mail:jeryxiong@mail.hzau.edu.cn
收稿:2024-11-28,
纸质出版:2025-07-05
移动端阅览
熊娟,方静,许运,等.腐殖质氧化还原能力评价方法及其应用[J].华中农业大学学报,2025,44(4):22‐36.
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腐殖质作为土壤和沉积物普遍存在的天然有机物质,在生态系统物质循环和能量流动过程中至关重要。腐殖酸分子结构中含有的醌基等活性官能团赋予腐殖质氧化还原特性,使之在环境污染物转化、土壤肥力提升等方面发挥着关键作用。准确评价腐殖质的氧化还原能力是深入探究其环境行为和功能机制的基础。目前,评估腐殖质氧化还原能力的主要方法包括氧化还原滴定法、电化学法和微生物法等。本文综述了氧化还原滴定法、电化学法和微生物法的原理、实验和应用范围,深入剖析了各方法评价腐殖质氧化还原能力的优势与局限,氧化还原滴定法操作简单但受终点判定方式影响,定量精度受限;电化学法灵敏度高但易受外部环境干扰;微生物法能较好模拟自然条件但分析周期较长。进一步探讨了腐殖质氧化还原能力评价方法的未来发展趋势,包括新型电化学传感器的开发、原位测量技术的优化以及多技术联用策略的应用。
Humic substances, as a natural organic matter commonly present in soil and sediment, is crucial in the processes of biogeochemical cycling and energy flux within ecosystems.The active functional groups including quinones contained in the molecular structure of humic acid endow humic acid with redox properties, making it play a key role in the transformation of environmental pollutants and the improvement of soil fertility.Accurately evaluating the redox capacity of humic substances is the foundation for the in-depth elucidation of its environmental behavior and functional mechanisms.At present, the main methods for evaluating the redox capacity of humic substances include redox titration, electrochemical techniques, and microbial assays.This article reviewed the principles, experimental protocols, and application scope of oxidation-reduction titration, electrochemical techniques, and microbial assays, and deeply analyzed the advantages and limitations of each method in evaluating the redox capacity of humic substances.The results showed that the redox titration is simple to operate, but its quantitative accuracy is limited by the way of determining endpoint.Electrochemical techniques have high sensitivity but are susceptible to external interference from environments.Microbial assays can simulate natural conditions well but have a longer cycle of analyses.The emerging trends for evaluating the redox capacity of humic substances are discussed in terms of developing new electrochemical sensors, optimizing in-situ measurement techniques, and implementing multi-modal analytical strategies.It will offer a theoretical framework for selecting appropriate methods for evaluating the redox capacity of humic substances from diverse sources and establishing a robust scientific foundation for promoting the application of humic substances in remediating environment and boosting agricultural productivity.
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