腐殖酸钠和枯草芽孢杆菌对克氏原螯虾生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫酶活的影响

张千; 郭薇; 莫爱杰; 杨慧君; 顾泽茂; 袁勇超

doi:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.03.013

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腐殖酸钠和枯草芽孢杆菌对克氏原螯虾生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫酶活的影响

更新时间：2026-11-05

- 腐殖酸钠和枯草芽孢杆菌对克氏原螯虾生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫酶活的影响
- Effects of sodium humate and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance，antioxidant capacity and immunoenzyme activity of Procambarus clarkii
- 华中农业大学学报 2025年44卷第3期页码：112-119
- 作者机构：
  
  1.华中农业大学水产学院，武汉430070
  2.华中农业大学双水双绿研究院/长江经济带大宗水生生物产业绿色发展教育部工程研究中心/湖北省洪山实验室，武汉430070
- 作者简介：
  
  张千，E-mail：508652087@qq.com
  袁勇超，E-mail：yyc@mail.hzau.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  湖北洪山实验室重大项目(2021hszd002);中央高校自主创新基金项目(2662024SCPY008;2662022SCYJ003);2023-2025省级小龙虾产业链奖补资金项目
- DOI：10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.03.013
  中图分类号： S966.12
- 收稿：2024-09-30，
  
  纸质出版：2025-05-06
- 稿件说明：
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张千，郭薇，莫爱杰，等.腐殖酸钠和枯草芽孢杆菌对克氏原螯虾生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫酶活的影响［J］.华中农业大学学报，2025，44（3）：112‐119.

ZHANG Qian,GUO Wei,MO Aijie,et al.Effects of sodium humate and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance，antioxidant capacity and immunoenzyme activity of Procambarus clarkii[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2025,44(03):112-119.
张千，郭薇，莫爱杰，等.腐殖酸钠和枯草芽孢杆菌对克氏原螯虾生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫酶活的影响［J］.华中农业大学学报，2025，44（3）：112‐119. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.03.013.

ZHANG Qian,GUO Wei,MO Aijie,et al.Effects of sodium humate and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance，antioxidant capacity and immunoenzyme activity of Procambarus clarkii[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2025,44(03):112-119. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.03.013.

摘要

为选出适宜的饲料添加剂增强克氏原螯虾的抗逆性，提高养殖经济效益，试验选取（13.59±0.25） g克氏原螯虾360尾，随机分为4个处理组，分别投喂基础饲粮（对照）、添加0.5%枯草芽孢杆菌（

Bacillus subtilis

，BS）、添加0.5%腐殖酸钠（sodium humate，HNa）和联合添加0.5%腐殖酸钠+0.5%枯草芽孢杆菌（BS+HNa）的饲料，探究腐殖酸钠和枯草芽孢杆菌对克氏原螯虾生长、抗氧化能力和免疫酶活的影响。结果显示：生长性能方面，BS、HNa和BS+HNa组的饲料系

数均显著低于对照组，蛋白质效率显著高于对照组；BS+HNa组的饲料系数显著高于BS和HNa组，增重率、特定增长率和蛋白质效率显著高于对照组。抗氧化性能方面，BS+HNa组血淋巴和肝胰腺组织的过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）水平显著高于其他各组，丙二醛（MDA）含量显著低于其他各组，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平显著高于对照组，并且腐殖酸钠和枯草芽孢杆菌对试验虾MDA的降低产生了显著的交互作用。免疫酶活方面，BS、HNa和BS+HNa组血淋巴和肝胰腺组织的碱性磷酸酶（AKP）和酸性磷酸酶（ACP）活性显著高于对照组，且BS+HNa组活性显著高于BS和HNa组。以上结果表明，单独或联合添加0.5%腐殖酸钠和0.5%枯草芽孢杆菌均能改善克氏原螯虾生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫性能，且联合添加的效果优于单独添加，建议克氏原螯虾养殖中联合使用腐殖酸钠和枯草芽孢杆菌。

Abstract

To enhance the stress resistance of

Procambarus clarkii

and improve the economic and ecological benefits of its aquaculture by identifying suitable feed additives，this study selected 360

P.clarkii

［（13.59±0.25） g］ and randomly divided them into four treatment groups.The subjects were fed a basal diet （control，CN），a basal diet supplemented with 0.5%

Bacillus subtilis

（BS），0.5% sodium humate （HNa），or a combination of 0.5% sodium humate +0.5%

B. subtilis

（BS+HNa），respectively，to investigate the effects of sodium humate and

B. subtilis

supplementation on the growth performance，antioxidant capacity，and immunoenzyme activity of

P. clarkii

.The results showed that，regarding growth performance，the feed conversion ratio in the BS，HNa and BS+HNa groups was significantly lower than that in the CN group.Conversely，the protein efficiency ratio in the BS，HNa，and BS+HNa groups was significantly higher than that in the CN group.Additionally，the feed conversion ratio in the BS+HNa group was significantly lower than that in the BS and HNa groups.The weight gain rate，specific growth rate，and protein efficiency ratio in the experimental groups were significantly higher than those in the CN group.Regarding antioxidant property，the activities of catalase （CAT） and total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC） in the hemolymphatic and hepatopancreas tissues of the BS+HNa group were significantly higher than those in the other groups.Additionally，the malondialdehyde （MDA） content was significa

ntly lower than that in the other groups，and the superoxide dismutase （SOD） level was significantly higher than that in the CN group.Moreover，sodium humate and

B. subtilis

exhibited significant interaction in reducing MDA levels in shrimp.Regarding immunoenzyme activity，the alkaline phosphatase （AKP） and acid phosphatase （ACP） activities activity levels in the hemolymph and hepatopancreas of the BS，HNa and BS+HNa groups were significantly higher than those in the CN group.Furthermore，the activity levels in the BS+HNa group were significantly greater than those in the BS and HNa groups.These results indicate that both individual and combined supplementation with 0.5% sodium humate and 0.5%

B. subtili

s both improved the growth performance，antioxidant capacity，and immune performance of

P. clarkii

，with the combined supplementation showing superior effects compared to individual theatment.Therefore，the combined use of sodium humate and

B. subtilis

is recommended.

关键词

Keywords

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