1.华中农业大学水产学院/双水双绿研究院/ 长江经济带大宗水生生物产业绿色发展教育部工程研究中心, 武汉 430070
2.湖北洪山实验室, 武汉 430070
3.华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,武汉 430070
4.湖北丰沃农业科技有限公司, 石首 434400
徐智威, E-mail: 807708575@qq.com
顾泽茂, E-mail: guzemao@mail.hzau.edu.cn
收稿:2024-11-28,
纸质出版:2025-05-06
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徐智威,胡鉴轩,顾泽茂,等.2个品种鸭稻田控草、除虫及捕食残余克氏原螯虾效率的比较[J].华中农业大学学报,2025,44(3):104‐111.
XU Zhiwei,HU Jianxuan,GU Zemao,et al.Comparason on efficiency of two duck varieties in weed control, pest management, and predation on residual crayfish in rice fields[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2025,44(03):104-111.
徐智威,胡鉴轩,顾泽茂,等.2个品种鸭稻田控草、除虫及捕食残余克氏原螯虾效率的比较[J].华中农业大学学报,2025,44(3):104‐111. DOI: 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.03.012.
XU Zhiwei,HU Jianxuan,GU Zemao,et al.Comparason on efficiency of two duck varieties in weed control, pest management, and predation on residual crayfish in rice fields[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2025,44(03):104-111. DOI: 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.03.012.
为筛选适合稻-鸭-虾种养模式的鸭品种,以稻-虾连作模式(rice-crayfish continuous culture model, RCCC)为对照,比较肉鸭武禽10号(meat duck group, MG)和农湖2号(laying duck group, LG)的稻田控草、除虫及清除残余克氏原螯虾的能力。结果显示:(1)控草方面,MG组对喜旱莲子草的防效为50.40%,显著高于LG组的-198.34%;对异型莎草的防效为56.82%,高于LG组的37.88%;对稗草的防效为79.31%,略低于LG组的81.03%。(2)除虫方面,放鸭30 d后,MG组和LG组对二化螟的防治效果均为100%,对稻纵卷叶螟的防治效果MG组为74.93%,高于LG组的45.00%;收鸭1 d后,MG组稻纵卷叶螟的防治效果为99.20%,高于LG组的94.60%,二者的二化螟防治效果均达到了100%。(3)捕食残余克氏原螯虾方面,MG组的捕食能力为1.67尾/d,高于LG组的1.33尾/d。MG组的次年虾苗产量为60.00 kg/hm
2
,低于LG组75.5 kg/hm
2
,但二者显著低于RCCC组的670.91 kg/hm
2
。综合控草、除虫效果及捕食残余crayfish能力,相比农湖2号,武禽10号更适合稻-鸭-虾种养模式。
To identify the most suitable duck breeds for the rice-duck-crayfish integrated system (RDCI), this study compared the weed management, pest control, and residual crayfish predation abilities of the meat duck group (Wuqin No. 10) and the laying duck group (Nonghu No.2), using the rice-crayfish continuous culture model (RCCC) as a control. The key findings are as follows: (1) Weed management: the meat duck group’s control efficacy against
Alternanthera philoxeroides
was 50.40%, repesenting a significant improvement over the laying duck group’s -198.34% (
P
<
0.05). Additionally, the meat duck group also demonstrated a 56.82% efficacy against
Cyperus difformis
, surpassing the laying duck group’s efficacy of 37.88%. the meat duck group achieved a 79.31% efficacy against
Echinochloa crusgalli
, which was slightlt lower than the laying duck group’s efficacy of 81.03%. (2) Pest control: after a 30-day period with ducks present, both the meat duck and Laying duck groups achieved a complete control efficacy of 100% against
Chilo suppressalis
. The meat duck group demonstrated a control efficacy of 74.93% against
Cnaphalocrocis medinalis
, which was higher than the Laying duck group’s efficacy of 45.00%. One day after th
e removal of the ducks, the meat duck group’s control efficacy against
Cnaphalocrocis medinalis
was 99.20%, surpassing the laying duck group’s efficacy of 94.60%. Both groups achieved a 100% control efficacy against
C. suppressalis
, with no plant mortality observed. (3) Predation on residual crayfish: the meat duck group exhibited a daily predation rate of 1.67 crayfish tails, which was higher than the laying duck group’s rate of 1.33 tails per day. The meat duck group’s crayfish seed yield in the subsequent year was 60.00 kg/hm
2
, which was lower than the laying duck group’s yield of 75.5 kg/hm
2
, but both yields were significantly below the RCCC group’s yield of 670.91 kg/hm
2
(
P
<
0.05). Considering weed management, pest control, and the predation abilities of the residual crayfish, it was determined that the Wuqin No. 10 meat duck is better suited for the RDCI.
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