不同晾制湿度下雪茄烟叶变黄期非结构糖类及质体色素的动态变化

汪薇; 谭永浩; 卓毅锋; 全益华; 刘欣瑶; 时雅琪; 符昌武; 王振华

doi:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.01.027

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不同晾制湿度下雪茄烟叶变黄期非结构糖类及质体色素的动态变化

食品与农业工程 | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- 不同晾制湿度下雪茄烟叶变黄期非结构糖类及质体色素的动态变化
- Dynamic changes in non-structural sugars and plastid pigments during yellowing stage of cigar tobacco leaves under different air-curing humidities
- 华中农业大学学报 2025年44卷第1期页码：246-254
- 作者机构：
  
  1.湖南省烟草公司张家界市公司，张家界 427000
  2.河南农业大学烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室，郑州 450046
  3.四川中烟工业有限责任公司，成都 610017
  4.安徽中烟工业公司技术中心雪茄所，合肥 230000
- 作者简介：
  
  汪薇，E-mail：55543718@qq.com
  王振华，E-mail：11815401@qq.com
- 基金信息：
  
  张家界市烟草公司科技计划项目(2022430800240239);湖南省烟草公司科技计划项目(HN2022KJ02;HN2022KJ03)
- DOI：10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.01.027
  中图分类号： S572
- 收稿：2024-01-24，
  
  纸质出版：2025-01-15
- 稿件说明：
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汪薇，谭永浩，卓毅锋，等.不同晾制湿度下雪茄烟叶变黄期非结构糖类及质体色素的动态变化［J］.华中农业大学学报，2025，44（1）：246‐254.

WANG Wei,TAN Yonghao,ZHUO Yifeng,et al.Dynamic changes in non-structural sugars and plastid pigments during yellowing stage of cigar tobacco leaves under different air-curing humidities[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2025,44(01):246-254.
汪薇，谭永浩，卓毅锋，等.不同晾制湿度下雪茄烟叶变黄期非结构糖类及质体色素的动态变化［J］.华中农业大学学报，2025，44（1）：246‐254. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.01.027.

WANG Wei,TAN Yonghao,ZHUO Yifeng,et al.Dynamic changes in non-structural sugars and plastid pigments during yellowing stage of cigar tobacco leaves under different air-curing humidities[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2025,44(01):246-254. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.01.027.

摘要

为提升烟叶的晾制品质，以云雪2号作为试验材料，探究在环境温度为28 ℃，环境湿度分别为90%（高湿）、80%（中湿）、70%（低湿）的条件下雪茄烟叶晾制变黄期烟叶内在化学成分的变化。结果显示：（1）不同晾制湿度下，烟叶晾制期间质体色素、淀粉含量整体呈下降趋势，葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖整体呈上升趋势。（2）高湿处理（变黄湿度为90%）烟叶叶绿素含量降解速率缓慢，但降解周期长，而低湿与中湿处理在变黄96 h之后含量便趋于较低水平，变化不明显。（3）低湿（变黄湿度为70%）处理葡萄糖与果糖含量在变黄前期积累量明显增加，在变黄144 h之后增量较小，而中湿与高湿含量变化趋势与低湿相反，在变黄前期增量不明显，而在变黄144 h之后显著增加；不同处理下淀粉与蔗糖含量变化趋势几近相同。（4）相关性分析结果显示，晾制过程中质体色素含量与非结构性糖类含量变化均达到了显著或极显著水平。综上，低湿（变黄湿度为70%）烟叶变黄速率较快，非结构性糖类转化迅速，烟叶提前结束变黄；高湿（变黄湿度为90%）烟叶在变黄前期各项指标变化较小，144 h之后非结构性糖类转化速率较快，一定程度上延长了变黄期时长。中湿（变黄湿度为80%）烟叶的质体色素与非结构性糖类的降解转化程度处于低湿与高湿之间。以上结果表明，高湿晾制为烟叶变黄提供了较为合适的环境、时间条件，促进了烟叶内含物质的转化，因此在实际生产中，在晾制变黄期为烟叶提供高湿的晾制环境更有利于高品质烟叶的形成。

Abstract

In order to improve the air-curing quality of tobacco leaves，Yunxue No.2 was used to study the changes and correlation between non-structural sugars and plastid pigments during the yellowing stage of cigar tobacco leaves under different air-curing humidities.The changes in the intrinsic chemical composition of cigar tobacco leaves during the yellowing stage under conditions of an ambient temperature of 28℃ and ambient humidity of 90% （high humidity）， 80% （medium humidity）， and 70% （low humidity）.The results showed that the content of plastid pigments and starch in tobacco leaves had an overall decreasing trend， while the content of glucose， fructose， and sucrose had an overall increasing trend Under different air-curing humidities.The degradation rate of the content of chlorophyll in tobacco leaves treated with high humidity （yellowing humidity of 90%） was slow， but the cycle of degradation was long， while the content of chlorophyll in tobacco leaves treated with high and medium humidity after 96 hours of yellowing tended to a lower level， and the change was not significant.Low humidity （yellowing humidity of 70%） treatment significantly increased the accumulation in the content of glucose and fructose at the early stage of yellowing， and the increase was relatively small after 144 hours of yellowing.The trend of changes in the content of glucose and fructose treated with medium and high humidity was opposite to that with low humidity， with no significant increase at the early stage of yellowing， but a significant increase after 144 hours of yellowing.The trend of changes in the content of starch and sucrose under different treatments was almost the same.The results of correlation analyses showed that the changes in the content of plastid pigments and non-structural carbohydrate during the air-curing process reached significant or extremely significant levels.It is indicated that the rate of yellowing in tobacco leaves under the low humidity （yellowing humidity of 70%） was relatively fast， and the conversion of non-structural sugars was rapid， resulting in the early yellowing of tobacco leaves.Tobacco leaves under the high humidity （yellowing humidity of 90%） had relatively small changes in various indexes at the early stage of yellowing， but the conversion rate of non-structural sugars after 144 hours was faster， which prolonged the yellowing period to some extent.The degree of degradation and transformation of plastid pigments and non-structural sugars in tobacco leaves under the moderate humidity （yellowing humidity of 80%） was between that under the low humidity and the high humidity.The above results show that the high humidity air-curing provides a more suitable environment and time conditions for the yellowing of tobacco leaves， and promotes the transformation of the substances contained in tobacco leaves.Therefore， in the actual production， providing a high humidity air-curing environment for tobacco leaves during the yellowing period is more conducive to the formation of high-quality tobacco leaves.

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references

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