秸秆和稻糠对稻田土壤硅素转化及水稻硅吸收的影响

杨丽雯; 陈剑珠; 宁川川; 蔡昆争

doi:10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.01.014

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秸秆和稻糠对稻田土壤硅素转化及水稻硅吸收的影响

资源与环境 | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- 秸秆和稻糠对稻田土壤硅素转化及水稻硅吸收的影响
- Effects of straw and rice bran on conversion of silicon in paddy soil and absorption of silicon by rice
- 华中农业大学学报 2025年44卷第1期页码：128-136
- 作者机构：
  
  华南农业大学资源环境学院/农业农村部华南热带农业环境重点实验室/广东省生态循环农业重点实验室，广州 510642
- 作者简介：
  
  蔡昆争，E-mail：kzcai@scau.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(32201328);杨丽雯,E-mail：2836029586@qq.com
- DOI：10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.01.014
  中图分类号： S511
- 收稿：2024-04-02，
  
  纸质出版：2025-01-15
- 稿件说明：
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杨丽雯，陈剑珠，宁川川，等.秸秆和稻糠对稻田土壤硅素转化及水稻硅吸收的影响［J］.华中农业大学学报，2025，44（1）：128‐136.

YANG Liwen,CHEN Jianzhu,NING Chuanchuan,et al.Effects of straw and rice bran on conversion of silicon in paddy soil and absorption of silicon by rice[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2025,44(01):128-136.
杨丽雯，陈剑珠，宁川川，等.秸秆和稻糠对稻田土壤硅素转化及水稻硅吸收的影响［J］.华中农业大学学报，2025，44（1）：128‐136. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.01.014.

YANG Liwen,CHEN Jianzhu,NING Chuanchuan,et al.Effects of straw and rice bran on conversion of silicon in paddy soil and absorption of silicon by rice[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2025,44(01):128-136. DOI： 10.13300/j.cnki.hnlkxb.2025.01.014.

摘要

为促进有机物料循环利用、提高稻田土壤硅有效性，设计2季水稻盆栽试验，试验设7个处理：对照（CK）、0.5%秸秆（JG1）、1%秸秆（JG2）、1.5%秸秆（JG3）、0.5%稻糠（DK1）、1%稻糠（DK2）、1.5%稻糠（DK3），研究2种有机物料稻秆和稻糠不同用量对土壤硅形态、水稻植株硅吸收和地上部干物质积累量、土壤肥力的影响。结果显示，2种富硅有机物料显著提高土壤水溶性硅、有效硅、有机结合态硅、无定形硅含量，总体上与用量成正比，以稻糠处理的提高幅度较高。与CK相比，1%、1.5%稻糠施用分别使土壤水溶性硅含量提高18.85%~46.58%，有效硅含量提高11.51%~118.82%，有机结合态硅含量提高21.88%~51.95%，铁锰氧化物结合态硅含量提高3.38%~19.17%，无定形硅含量提高6.41%~22.14%。2种有机物料提高水稻茎叶硅含量和积累量，稻糠施用效果更显著；与CK相比，秸秆和稻糠施用分别使水稻茎叶硅积累量显著提高0.60~2.51倍、1.33~4.08倍。2种有机物料提高水稻地上部干物质积累量，在不同程度上增加土壤有机质和速效氮、磷、钾养分含量。综上，2种有机物料都能增加土壤肥力，提高土壤硅有效性，促进水稻对硅的吸收，其中稻糠的提高幅度更大，但从实践应用的角度来看，秸秆更具有一定的应用前景。

Abstract

Rice residues are rich in silicon， which is one of the main agricultural wastes， and its return to the field is considered to be a cost-effective silica supplementation measure. A pot experiment of rice for two seasons was conducted to promote the recycling of organic materials and improve the availability of silicon in paddy soil. 7 treatments including the control （CK）， 0.5% straw （JG1）， 1% straw （JG2）， 1.5% straw （JG3）， 0.5% rice bran （DK1）， 1% rice bran （DK2）， and 1.5% rice bran （DK3） were set up to study the effects of different dosages of two organic materials including rice straw and rice bran on the silicon morphology in soil， the absorption of silicon by rice， the aboveground accumulation of dry matter， and the fertility in soil. The results showed that 2 types of silicon abundant organic materials significantly increased the content of water-soluble silicon， available silicon， organic bound silicon， and amorphous silicon in soil， which was generally proportional to the dosage used， with a higher increase observed in the treatment with rice bran. Compared with CK， DK2 and DK2 significantly increased the content of water-soluble silicon in soil by 18.85%-46.58%， the content of available silicon by 11.51%-118.82%， the content of organic bound silicon by 21.88%-51.95%， the content of iron manganese oxide bound silicon by 3.38%-19.17%， and the content of amorphous silicon by 6.41%-22.14%， respectively. The two types of organic materials significantly increased the content of silicon and the accumulation of silicon in rice stems and leaves， and the application of rice bran had a more significant effect. Compared with CK， application of rice straw and rice bran increased the accumulation of silicon in stems and leaves by 0.60-2.51 times and 1.33-4.08 times， respectively. The two types of organic materials increased the accumulation of dry matter in the aboveground part of rice and the content of organic matter and available nitrogen， phosphorus， and potassium nutrients in soil to some degrees. It is indicated that both rice straw and rice bran can increase the fertility in soil， improve the silicon availability in soil， and promote the absorption of silicon by rice， among which the improvement of rice bran is greater， but rice straw is more suitable for application in practice.

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references

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