1.武汉大学卫星导航定位技术研究中心,湖北 武汉,430079
2.湖北珞珈实验室,湖北 武汉,430079
3.武汉大学测绘学院,湖北 武汉,430079
4.中国地质大学(武汉)地理与信息工程学院,湖北 武汉,430074
5.苏黎世联邦理工学院大地测量与摄影测量研究所,瑞士;苏黎世,8093
楼益栋,博士,教授,研究方向为北斗实时高精度定轨定位理论方法、软件研制及应用。ydlou@whu.edu.cn
收稿:2026-09-29,
纸质出版:2026-10-05
移动端阅览
楼益栋,闭浩航,刘梦杰,等.人工智能驱动的GNSS大气效应建模、预测与应用研究进展[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(10):2071-2091.
LOU Yidong,BI Haohang,LIU Mengjie,et al.Advances in Artificial Intelligence-Driven Modeling, Prediction, and Applications of GNSS Atmospheric Effects[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(10):2071-2091.
楼益栋,闭浩航,刘梦杰,等.人工智能驱动的GNSS大气效应建模、预测与应用研究进展[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(10):2071-2091. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20260381
LOU Yidong,BI Haohang,LIU Mengjie,et al.Advances in Artificial Intelligence-Driven Modeling, Prediction, and Applications of GNSS Atmospheric Effects[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(10):2071-2091. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20260381
全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)具有全天候、高精度、高时空分辨率观测等优势,已成为开展地球大气探测与效应研究的重要技术手段。近年来,随着人工智能(artificial intelligence
AI)迅猛发展,AI驱动的GNSS大气效应研究已成为卫星导航与大气科学交叉领域的重要前沿方向。围绕GNSS大气效应建模、预测与应用,系统梳理AI在对流层天顶总延迟、天顶湿延迟、斜路径延迟、可降水量、电离层电子总含量、电子密度及电离层闪烁等参数建模与预测中的研究进展,进一步分析总结其在水汽二维建模、三维水汽和电子密度结构反演、高精度GNSS定位和强降水短临预报等方面的应用。现有研究表明,AI在复杂大气条件下对大气参数表现出较强的非线性建模与预测能力,但仍存在训练数据质量和代表性依赖较强、物理可解释性不足、复杂深度模型计算量大、长期与异常事件泛化能力有限等问题,距离工程应用仍有差距。未来研究应重点加强地基GNSS、GNSS掩星、卫星测高及探空等多源观测的协同利用,构建高质量数据集;引入GNSS信号传播过程及大气参数反演等物理约束,提高建模可靠性;发展迁移学习、自监督学习及领域自适应等方法,提高数据稀缺及复杂场景下泛化与自适应能力。同时完善面向实际应用的评价体系,形成“实时监测—智能预测—误差改正—定位/气象应用”闭环,服务于高精度定位、空间天气预警和GNSS气象学。
Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS)
with all-weather operation
high accuracy
and high spatiotemporal resolution
have become an important technique for atmospheric sounding and the investigation of atmospheric effects. In recent years
with the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI)
AI-driven research on GNSS atmospheric effects has emerged as an important frontier at the intersection of satellite navigation and atmospheric science. Focusing on the modeling
prediction
and applications of GNSS atmospheric effects
this paper systematically reviews recent advances in AI-based modeling and prediction of key atmospheric parameters
including zenith total delay
zenith wet delay
slant path delay
precipitable water vapor
ionospheric total electron content
electron density
and ionospheric scintillation. Applications of AI to two-dimensional water vapor modeling
three-dimensional reconstruction of water vapor and electron density structures
high-precision GNSS positioning
and severe precipitation nowcasting are further summarized and analyzed. Existing studies show that AI exhibits strong capabilities for nonlinear modeling and prediction of atmospheric parameters under complex atmospheric conditions. However
several challenges remain
including strong dependence on the quality and representativeness of training data
limited physical interpretability
high computational costs of complex deep learning models
and insufficient generalization over long time spans and during anomalous events
indicating that a gap still exists between current research and practical engineering applications. Future studies should strengthen the coordinated use of multi-source observations
including ground-based GNSS
GNSS radio occultation
satellite altimetry
and radiosonde measurements
to construct high-quality datasets; incorporate physical constraints associated with GNSS signal propagation and atmospheric parameter inversion to improve modeling reliability; and develop transfer learning
self-supervised learning
and domain adaptation methods to enhance model generalization and adaptability under data-scarce and complex conditions. In addition
evaluation systems oriented toward practical applications should be further improved to establish an integrated chain of real-time monitoring
intelligent prediction
error correction
and positioning or meteorological applications
thereby supporting high-precision positioning
space weather early warning
and GNSS meteorology.
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