1.中山大学遥感科学与技术学院,广东 珠海,519082
2.北京师范大学地理科学学部遥感与数字地球全国重点实验室,北京,100875
3.布里斯托大学地理科学学院冰川学中心,英国 布里斯托,BS8 1SS
程晓,博士,教授,研究方向为极地遥感监测理论、方法与应用。chengxiao9@mail.sysu.edu.cn
收稿:2026-09-05,
纸质出版:2026-10-05
移动端阅览
程晓,郑雷,陈子龙,等.极地冰盖空天遥感监测:进展与展望[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(10):2135-2150.
CHENG Xiao,ZHENG Lei,CHEN Zilong,et al.Spaceborne and Airborne Remote Sensing of Polar Ice-Sheet: Advances and Prospects[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(10):2135-2150.
程晓,郑雷,陈子龙,等.极地冰盖空天遥感监测:进展与展望[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(10):2135-2150. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20260333
CHENG Xiao,ZHENG Lei,CHEN Zilong,et al.Spaceborne and Airborne Remote Sensing of Polar Ice-Sheet: Advances and Prospects[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(10):2135-2150. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20260333
极地冰盖物质损失是全球海平面上升的重要来源,空天遥感技术已成为揭示其变化与失稳过程的主要手段。围绕冰盖/冰架系统过程、内部结构和物质平衡3个方面,系统梳理国内外尤其是国内科学界利用卫星及航空遥感技术在冰盖运动、融化、裂隙、粒雪含水层、冰下湖、接地线和质量平衡变化等要素监测中的进展。空天遥感监测结果表明,格陵兰冰盖物质损失主要受表面消融与溢出冰川加速流出所主导,南极冰盖物质损失则以冰架底部融化、接地线退缩驱动的动力失稳为驱动。现有遥感产品在时空分辨率和误差控制方面仍存在明显不足,内部融水迁移、冰下水系、底部通道及裂隙三维结构仍难以被连续、大范围监测。未来应加强多源遥感协同反演与立体透视探测,完善过程观测至物质平衡估算的不确定性传递,推动空天遥感从冰盖现状监测向失稳过程诊断与风险评估发展。
Polar ice-sheet mass loss is an important contributor to global sea-level rise
and spaceborne and airborne remote sensing has become the primary means of observing its evolution and instability. This paper systematically reviews advances made by the international community
with particular emphasis on contributions from the Chinese scientific community. The remote-sensing monitoring of ice sheets and ice shelves is reviewed from three aspects
including ice-sheet/ice-shelf system processes
internal structure
and mass balance. Spaceborne optical imagery
synthetic aperture radar
microwave observations
satellite altimetry and gravimetry
together with airborne remote sensing
have enabled observations of ice flow
surface and basal melting
fractures
firn aquifers
subglacial lakes
grounding lines
and ice-mass change. Remote-sensing observations show that the Greenland Ice Sheet mass loss is mainly controlled by surface ablation and accelerated discharge from outlet-glaciers
whereas the Antarctic Ice Sheet mass loss is primarily driven by dynamic instability associated with ice-shelf basal melting and grounding-line retreat. Current remote-sensing products remain limited in terms of spatiotemporal resolution and uncertainty control
while englacial meltwater transport
subglacial hydrological systems
basal channels
and three-dimensional fracture structures remain difficult to monitor continuously and over large spatial scales. Future efforts should strengthen multi-source remote-sensing synergistic retrievals and three-dimensional observations
improve uncertainty propagation from process observations to mass-balance estimates
and advance spaceborne and airborne remote sensing from monitoring the current state of ice sheets toward diagnosing instability processes and assessing associated risks.
SHEPHERD A , IVINS E R , GERUO A , et al . A Reconciled Estimate of Ice-Sheet Mass Balance [J]. Science , 2012 , 338 ( 6111 ): 1183 - 1189 .
RIGNOT E , MOUGINOT J , SCHEUCHL B , et al . Four Decades of Antarctic Ice Sheet Mass Balance from 1979-2017 [J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , 2019 , 116 ( 4 ): 1095 - 1103 .
BELL R E , BANWELL A F , TRUSEL L D , et al . Antarctic Surface Hydrology and Impacts on Ice-Sheet Mass Balance [J]. Nature Climate Change , 2018 , 8 ( 12 ): 1044 - 1052 .
MACGREGOR J A , BOISVERT L N , MEDLEY B , et al . The Scientific Legacy of NASA’s Operation IceBridge [J]. Reviews of Geophysics , 2021 , 59 ( 2 ): e2020RG000712 .
CUI X B , GREENBAUM J S , LANG S N , et al . The Scientific Operations of Snow Eagle 601 in Antarctica in the Past Five Austral Seasons [J]. Remote Sensing , 2020 , 12 ( 18 ): 2994 .
程晓 , 郑雷 , 李腾 , 等 . 南极冰架遥感监测与模拟 [M]. 北京 : 高等教育出版社 , 2026 .
CHENG Xiao , ZHENG Lei , LI Teng , et al . Antarctic Ice Shelf: Remote Sensing and Numerical Modeling [M]. Beijing : Higher Education Press , 2026 .
TEAM T I . Mass Balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2018 [J]. Nature , 2020 , 579 ( 7798 ): 233 - 239 .
SHEPHERD A , IVINS E , RIGNOT E , et al . Mass Balance of the Antarctic Ice Sheet from 1992 to 2017 [J]. Nature , 2018 , 558 ( 7709 ): 219 - 222 .
RIGNOT E , MOUGINOT J , SCHEUCHL B . Ice Flow of the Antarctic Ice Sheet [J]. Science , 2011 , 333 ( 6048 ): 1427 - 1430 .
MOUGINOT J , RIGNOT E , SCHEUCHL B , et al . Comprehensive Annual Ice Sheet Velocity Mapping Using Landsat-8, Sentinel-1, and RADARSAT-2 Data [J]. Remote Sensing , 2017 , 9 ( 4 ): 364 .
LIU Y , MOORE J C , CHENG X , et al . Ocean-Driven Thinning Enhances Iceberg Calving and Retreat of Antarctic Ice Shelves [J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , 2015 , 112 ( 11 ): 3263 - 3268 .
QI M Z , LIU Y , LIU J P , et al . A 15-Year Circum-Antarctic Iceberg Calving Dataset Derived from Continuous Satellite Observations [J]. Earth System Science Data , 2021 , 13 ( 9 ): 4583 - 4601 .
ZHENG L , CHENG X , SHANG X Y , et al . Greenland Ice Sheet Daily Surface Melt Flux Observed from Space [J]. Geophysical Research Letters , 2022 , 49 ( 6 ): e2021GL096690 .
ZHENG L , SHANG X Y , VAN DEN BROEKE M R , et al . Rapid Increases in Satellite-Observed Ice Sheet Surface Meltwater Production [J]. Nature Climate Change , 2025 , 15 ( 7 ): 769 - 774 .
肖倩雨 , 周春霞 , 刘勇 . 利用改进的亮温日较差法探测格陵兰冰盖表面融化 [J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版) , 2024 , 49 ( 10 ): 1931 - 1939 .
XIAO Qianyu , ZHOU Chunxia , LIU Yong . Surface Melting Detection of the Greenland Ice Sheet Using Advanced Diurnal Amplitude Variations Algorithm [J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University , 2024 , 49 ( 10 ): 1931 - 1939 .
ZHENG L , LI L J , CHEN Z Q , et al . Multi-sensor Imaging of Winter Buried Lakes in the Greenland Ice Sheet [J]. Remote Sensing of Environment , 2023 , 295 : 113688 .
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) . Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis [M]. Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press , 2023 .
ANDERSEN J K , KUSK A , BONCORI J P M , et al . Improved Ice Velocity Measurements with Sentinel-1 TOPS Interferometry [J]. Remote Sensing , 2020 , 12 ( 12 ): 2014 .
LEPRINCE S , BARBOT S , AYOUB F , et al . Automatic and Precise Orthorectification, Coregistration, and Subpixel Correlation of Satellite Images, Application to Ground Deformation Measurements [J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 2007 , 45 ( 6 ): 1529 - 1558 .
JOUGHIN I , SMITH B , HOWAT I , et al . MEaSUREs Multi-year Greenland Ice Sheet Velocity Mosaic, Version 1 [DS/OL]. NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center Distributed Active Archive Center , 2016 . [ 2026-07-08 ]. http://nsidc.org/data/NSIDC-0670/versions/1 http://nsidc.org/data/NSIDC-0670/versions/1 .
RIGNOT E , MOUGINOT J , SCHEUCHL B . MEaSUREs InSAR-Based Antarctica Ice Velocity Map, Version 2 [DS/OL]. NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center Distributed Active Archive Center , 2017 . [ 2026-07-08 ]. http://nsidc.org/data/NSIDC-0484/versions/2 http://nsidc.org/data/NSIDC-0484/versions/2 .
WUITE J , NAGLER T . C3S Ice Velocity Version 1.5: Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document [R]. Copernicus Climate Change Service , 2024
SOLGAARD A , KUSK A , MERRYMAN BONCORI J P , et al . Greenland Ice Velocity Maps from the PROMICE Project [J]. Earth System Science Data , 2021 , 13 ( 7 ): 3491 - 3512 .
SHEN Q , WANG H S , SHUM C K , et al . Recent High-Resolution Antarctic Ice Velocity Maps Reveal Increased Mass Loss in Wilkes Land, East Antarctica [J]. Scientific Reports , 2018 , 8 : 4477 .
FENG X M , CHEN Z Q , LI G , et al . Improving the Capability of D-InSAR Combined with Offset-Tracking for Monitoring Glacier Velocity [J]. Remote Sensing of Environment , 2023 , 285 : 113394 .
LI G , MAO Y T , FENG X M , et al . Monitoring Ice Flow Velocity of Petermann Glacier Combined with Sentinel-1 and -2 Imagery [J]. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation , 2023 , 121 : 103374 .
LI R X , CHENG Y , CHANG T , et al . Satellite Record Reveals 1960s Acceleration of Totten Ice Shelf in East Antarctica [J]. Nature Communications , 2023 , 14 : 4061 .
LI R X , YE W K , QIAO G , et al . A New Analytical Method for Estimating Antarctic Ice Flow in the 1960s from Historical Optical Satellite Imagery [J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 2017 , 55 ( 5 ): 2771 - 2785 .
ZWALLY H J , ABDALATI W , HERRING T , et al . Surface Melt-Induced Acceleration of Greenland Ice-Sheet Flow [J]. Science , 2002 , 297 ( 5579 ): 218 - 222 .
BANWELL A . Ice-Shelf Stability Questioned [J]. Nature , 2017 , 544 ( 7650 ): 306 - 307 .
BELL R E , CHU W , KINGSLAKE J , et al . Antarctic Ice Shelf Potentially Stabilized by Export of Meltwater in Surface River [J]. Nature , 2017 , 544 ( 7650 ): 344 - 348 .
JEZEK K C , GOGINENI P , SHANABLEH M . Radar Measurements of Melt Zones on the Greenland Ice Sheet [J]. Geophysical Research Letters , 1994 , 21 ( 1 ): 33 - 36 .
RAMAGE J M , MCKENNEY R A , THORSON B , et al . Relationship Between Passive Microwave-Derived Snowmelt and Surface-Measured Discharge, Wheaton River, Yukon Territory, Canada [J]. Hydrological Processes , 2006 , 20 ( 4 ): 689 - 704 .
ABDALATI W , STEFFEN K . Snowmelt on the Greenland Ice Sheet as Derived from Passive Microwave Satellite Data [J]. Journal of Climate , 1997 , 10 ( 2 ): 165 - 175 .
ABDALATI W , STEFFEN K . Greenland Ice Sheet Melt Extent: 1979-1999 [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres , 2001 , 106 ( D24 ): 33983 - 33988 .
PICARD G , FILY M . Surface Melting Observations in Antarctica by Microwave Radiometers: Correcting 26-Year Time Series from Changes in Acquisition Hours [J]. Remote Sensing of Environment , 2006 , 104 ( 3 ): 325 - 336 .
WANG X D , LI X W , WANG C , et al . Antarctic Ice-Sheet Near-Surface Snowmelt Detection Based on the Synergy of SSM/I Data and QuikSCAT Data [J]. Geoscience Frontiers , 2018 , 9 ( 3 ): 955 - 963 .
ZHENG L , ZHOU C X , LIANG Q . Variations in Antarctic Peninsula Snow Liquid Water During 1999-2017 Revealed by Merging Radiometer, Scatterometer and Model Estimations [J]. Remote Sensing of Environment , 2019 , 232 : 111219 .
COLOSIO P , TEDESCO M , RANZI R , et al . Surface Melting over the Greenland Ice Sheet Derived from Enhanced Resolution Passive Microwave Brightness Temperatures (1979-2019) [J]. The Cryosphere , 2021 , 15 ( 6 ): 2623 - 2646 .
LÜTHJE M , FELTHAM D L , TAYLOR P D , et al . Modeling the Summertime Evolution of Sea-Ice Melt Ponds [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans , 2006 , 111 ( C2 ): 2004 JC002818.
TEDESCO M , LÜTHJE M , STEFFEN K , et al . Measurement and Modeling of Ablation of the Bottom of Supraglacial Lakes in Western Greenland [J]. Geophysical Research Letters , 2012 , 39 ( 2 ): L02502 .
HUBBARD B , LUCKMAN A , ASHMORE D W , et al . Massive Subsurface Ice Formed by Refreezing of Ice-Shelf Melt Ponds [J]. Nature Communications , 2016 , 7 : 11897 .
SNEED W A , HAMILTON G S . Evolution of Melt Pond Volume on the Surface of the Greenland Ice Sheet [J]. Geophysical Research Letters , 2007 , 34 ( 3 ): L03501 .
SUNDAL A V , SHEPHERD A , NIENOW P , et al . Evolution of Supra-Glacial Lakes Across the Greenland Ice Sheet [J]. Remote Sensing of Environment , 2009 , 113 ( 10 ): 2164 - 2171 .
SUNDAL A V , SHEPHERD A , NIENOW P , et al . Melt-Induced Speed-up of Greenland Ice Sheet Offset by Efficient Subglacial Drainage [J]. Nature , 2011 , 469 ( 7331 ): 521 - 524 .
STEVENS L A , BEHN M D , MCGUIRE J J , et al . Greenland Supraglacial Lake Drainages Triggered by Hydrologically Induced Basal Slip [J]. Nature , 2015 , 522 ( 7554 ): 73 - 76 .
POPE A , SCAMBOS T A , MOUSSAVI M , et al . Estimating Supraglacial Lake Depth in West Greenland Using Landsat 8 and Comparison with Other Multispectral Methods [J]. The Cryosphere , 2016 , 10 ( 1 ): 15 - 27 .
WILLIAMSON A G , BANWELL A F , WILLIS I C , et al . Dual-Satellite (Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8) Remote Sensing of Supraglacial Lakes in Greenland [J]. The Cryosphere , 2018 , 12 ( 9 ): 3045 - 3065 .
YANG K , SMITH L C , COOPER M G , et al . Seasonal Evolution of Supraglacial Lakes and Rivers on the Southwest Greenland Ice Sheet [J]. Journal of Glaciology , 2021 , 67 ( 264 ): 592 - 602 .
TUCKETT P A , ELY J C , SOLE A J , et al . Rapid Accelerations of Antarctic Peninsula Outlet Glaciers Driven by Surface Melt [J]. Nature Communications , 2019 , 10 : 4311 .
ADUSUMILLI S , FRICKER H A , MEDLEY B , et al . Interannual Variations in Meltwater Input to the Southern Ocean from Antarctic Ice Shelves [J]. Nature Geoscience , 2020 , 13 ( 9 ): 616 - 620 .
LIANG Q , ZHOU C X , ZHENG L . Mapping Basal Melt Under the Shackleton Ice Shelf, East Antarctica, from CryoSat-2 Radar Altimetry [J]. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing , 2021 , 14 : 5091 - 5099 .
MENG X Y , LIANG Q , LI T , et al . Variability in Ice Shelf Basal Melting in the Amundsen Sea Embayment from 2019 to 2023 [J]. Environmental Research Letters , 2025 , 20 ( 8 ): 084016 .
ALLEY R B , CUFFEY K M , BASSIS J N , et al . Iceberg Calving: Regimes and Transitions [J]. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences , 2023 , 51 : 189 - 215 .
COLGAN W , RAJARAM H , ABDALATI W , et al . Glacier Crevasses: Observations, Models, and Mass Balance Implications [J]. Reviews of Geophysics , 2016 , 54 ( 1 ): 119 - 161 .
PANG A , LIANG Q , HULBE C , et al . A Framework for Characterizing 3-D Structures of Crevasses and Rifts Across Antarctic Ice Shelves [J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 2026 , 64 : 4300119 .
GLASSER N F , SCAMBOS T A . A Structural Glaciological Analysis of the 2002 Larsen B Ice-Shelf Collapse [J]. Journal of Glaciology , 2008 , 54 ( 184 ): 3 - 16 .
PANG A , LIANG Q , LI W J , et al . The Distribution and Evolution of Surface Fractures on Pan-Antarctic Ice Shelves [J]. International Journal of Digital Earth , 2023 , 16 ( 1 ): 3295 - 3320 .
LIU Y , CHENG X , HUI F M , et al . Detection of Crevasses over Polar Ice Shelves Using Satellite Laser Altimeter [J]. Science China Earth Sciences , 2014 , 57 ( 6 ): 1267 - 1277 .
XU B , LIANG Q , CHANG B T , et al . Extracting Antarctic Ice Shelf Fracture Depths Using the Linear Cloth Simulation Filtering Algorithm [J]. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation , 2026 , 149 : 105255 .
LAI C Y , KINGSLAKE J , WEARING M G , et al . Vulnerability of Antarctica's Ice Shelves to Meltwater-Driven Fracture [J]. Nature , 2020 , 584 ( 7822 ): 574 - 578 .
RIGNOT E , JACOBS S , MOUGINOT J , et al . Ice-Shelf Melting Around Antarctica [J]. Science , 2013 , 341 ( 6143 ): 266 - 270 .
DEPOORTER M A , BAMBER J L , GRIGGS J A , et al . Calving Fluxes and Basal Melt Rates of Antarctic Ice Shelves [J]. Nature , 2013 , 502 ( 7469 ): 89 - 92 .
IZEBOUD M , WOUTERS B , DE RODA HUSMAN S , et al . Damage Development on Antarctic Ice Shelves Sensitive to Climate Warming [J]. Nature Climate Change , 2025 , 15 ( 12 ): 1333 - 1339 .
LHERMITTE S , SUN S N , SHUMAN C , et al . Damage Accelerates Ice Shelf Instability and Mass Loss in Amundsen Sea Embayment [J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , 2020 , 117 ( 40 ): 24735 - 24741 .
ZINCK A P , LHERMITTE S , WEARING M G , et al . Channelized Melt Beneath Antarctic Ice Shelves Previously Underestimated [J]. Nature Climate Change , 2026 , 16 ( 3 ): 350 - 353 .
BURGARD C , JOURDAIN N C , MOSBEUX C , et al . Ocean Warming Threatens the Viability of 60% of Antarctic Ice Shelves [J]. Nature , 2025 , 647 ( 8088 ): 102 - 108 .
SCAMBOS T A , HULBE C , FAHNESTOCK M , et al . The Link Between Climate Warming and Break-up of Ice Shelves in the Antarctic Peninsula [J]. Journal of Glaciology , 2000 , 46 ( 154 ): 516 - 530 .
SCAMBOS T , FRICKER H A , LIU C C , et al . Ice Shelf Disintegration by Plate Bending and Hydro-Fracture: Satellite Observations and Model Results of the 2008 Wilkins Ice Shelf Break-Ups [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters , 2009 , 280 ( 1/2/3/4 ): 51 - 60 .
WALKER C C , BASSIS J N , FRICKER H A , et al . Structural and Environmental Controls on Antarctic Ice Shelf Rift Propagation Inferred from Satellite Monitoring [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface , 2013 , 118 ( 4 ): 2354 - 2364 .
MASSOM R A , SCAMBOS T A , BENNETTS L G , et al . Antarctic Ice Shelf Disintegration Triggered by Sea Ice Loss and Ocean Swell [J]. Nature , 2018 , 558 ( 7710 ): 383 - 389 .
MARSH O J , ARTHERN R J , DE RYDT J . Ocean Tides Trigger Ice Shelf Rift Growth and Calving [J]. Nature Communications , 2025 , 16 : 6697 .
LUCKMAN A , BENN D I , COTTIER F , et al . Calving Rates at Tidewater Glaciers Vary Strongly with Ocean Temperature [J]. Nature Communications , 2015 , 6 : 8566 .
LOVELL A M , STOKES C R , JAMIESON S S R . Sub-Decadal Variations in Outlet Glacier Terminus Positions in Victoria Land, Oates Land and George V Land, East Antarctica (1972-2013) [J]. Antarctic Science , 2017 , 29 ( 5 ): 468 - 483 .
MILES B W J , STOKES C R , JAMIESON S S R . Simultaneous Disintegration of Outlet Glaciers in Porpoise Bay (Wilkes Land), East Antarctica, Driven by Sea Ice Break-up [J]. The Cryosphere , 2017 , 11 ( 1 ): 427 - 442 .
HILL E A , CARR J R , STOKES C R , et al . Dynamic Changes in Outlet Glaciers in Northern Greenland from 1948 to 2015 [J]. The Cryosphere , 2018 , 12 ( 10 ): 3243 - 3263 .
BINDSCHADLER R A . History of Lower Pine Island Glacier, West Antarctica, from Landsat Imagery [J]. Journal of Glaciology , 2002 , 48 ( 163 ): 536 - 544 .
MASSOM R A , GILES A B , WARNER R C , et al . External Influences on the Mertz Glacier Tongue (East Antarctica) in the Decade Leading up to Its Calving in 2010 [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface , 2015 , 120 ( 3 ): 490 - 506 .
COOK A J , FOX A J , VAUGHAN D G , et al . Retreating Glacier Fronts on the Antarctic Peninsula over the Past Half-Century [J]. Science , 2005 , 308 ( 5721 ): 541 - 544 .
COOK A J , VAUGHAN D G . Overview of Areal Changes of the Ice Shelves on the Antarctic Peninsula over the Past 50 Years [J]. The Cryosphere , 2010 , 4 ( 1 ): 77 - 98 .
FOUNTAIN A G , GLENN B , SCAMBOS T A . The Changing Extent of the Glaciers Along the Western Ross Sea, Antarctica [J]. Geology , 2017 , 45 ( 10 ): 927 - 930 .
SHANG X Y , ZHENG L , LIANG Q , et al . Buried Depth of Retained Meltwater in Polar Ice Sheets Detected by Multi-source Microwave Remote Sensing Observations [J]. Advances in Climate Change Research , 2025 , 16 ( 4 ): 813 - 829 .
MIÈGE C , FORSTER R R , BRUCKER L , et al . Spatial Extent and Temporal Variability of Greenland Firn Aquifers Detected by Ground and Airborne Radars [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface , 2016 , 121 ( 12 ): 2381 - 2398 .
PENG C Y , ZHENG L , LIANG Q , et al . ST-SOLOv2: Tracing Depth Hoar Layers in Antarctic Ice Sheet from Airborne Radar Echograms with Deep Learning [J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 2024 , 62 : 4303014 .
RIGNOT E , MOUGINOT J , MORLIGHEM M , et al . Widespread, Rapid Grounding Line Retreat of Pine Island, Thwaites, Smith, and Kohler Glaciers, West Antarctica, from 1992 to 2011 [J]. Geophysical Research Letters , 2014 , 41 ( 10 ): 3502 - 3509 .
FRIEDL P , WEISER F , FLUHRER A , et al . Remote Sensing of Glacier and Ice Sheet Grounding Lines: A Review [J]. Earth⁃Science Reviews , 2020 , 201 : 102948 .
MONTGOMERY L , MIÈGE C , MILLER J , et al . Hydrologic Properties of a Highly Permeable Firn Aquifer in the Wilkins Ice Shelf, Antarctica [J]. Geophysical Research Letters , 2020 , 47 ( 22 ): e2020GL089552 .
BRANGERS I , LIEVENS H , MIÈGE C , et al . Sentinel-1 Detects Firn Aquifers in the Greenland Ice Sheet [J]. Geophysical Research Letters , 2020 , 47 ( 3 ): e2019GL085192 .
DI BIASE V , MUNNEKE P K , VELDHUIJSEN S B M , et al . Probability of Firn Aquifer Presence in Antarctica by Combining Remote Sensing and Regional Climate Model Data [J]. Geophysical Research Letters , 2024 , 51 ( 15 ): e2024GL109367 .
MILLER J Z , CULBERG R , LONG D G , et al . An Empirical Algorithm to Map Perennial Firn Aquifers and Ice Slabs Within the Greenland Ice Sheet Using Satellite L-Band Microwave Radiometry [J]. The Cryosphere , 2022 , 16 ( 1 ): 103 - 125 .
SHANG X Y , CHENG X , ZHENG L , et al . Decadal Changes in Greenland Ice Sheet Firn Aquifers from Radar Scatterometer [J]. Remote Sensing , 2022 , 14 ( 9 ): 2134 .
KOENIG L S , LAMPKIN D J , MONTGOMERY L N , et al . Wintertime Storage of Water in Buried Supraglacial Lakes Across the Greenland Ice Sheet [J]. The Cryosphere , 2015 , 9 ( 4 ): 1333 - 1342 .
LINDBÄCK K , PETTERSSON R , HUBBARD A L , et al . Subglacial Water Drainage, Storage, and Piracy Beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet [J]. Geophysical Research Letters , 2015 , 42 ( 18 ): 7606 - 7614 .
BOX J E , SKI K . Remote Sounding of Greenland Supraglacial Melt Lakes: Implications for Subglacial Hydraulics [J]. Journal of Glaciology , 2007 , 53 ( 181 ): 257 - 265 .
MACHGUTH H , MACFERRIN M , VAN AS D , et al . Greenland Meltwater Storage in Firn Limited by Near-Surface Ice Formation [J]. Nature Climate Change , 2016 , 6 ( 4 ): 390 - 393 .
MACFERRIN M , MACHGUTH H , VAN AS D , et al . Rapid Expansion of Greenland’s Low-Permeability Ice Slabs [J]. Nature , 2019 , 573 ( 7774 ): 403 - 407 .
HARPER J , MEIERBACHTOL T , HUMPHREY N , et al . Generation and Fate of Basal Meltwater During Winter, Western Greenland Ice Sheet [J]. The Cryosphere , 2021 , 15 ( 12 ): 5409 - 5421 .
KOENIG L S , MIÈGE C , FORSTER R R , et al . Initial in Situ Measurements of Perennial Meltwater Storage in the Greenland Firn Aquifer [J]. Geophysical Research Letters , 2014 , 41 ( 1 ): 81 - 85 .
RIGNOT E , ECHELMEYER K , KRABILL W . Penetration Depth of Interferometric Synthetic-Aperture Radar Signals in Snow and Ice [J]. Geophysical Research Letters , 2001 , 28 ( 18 ): 3501 - 3504 .
NAGLER T , ROTT H , HETZENECKER M , et al . The Sentinel-1 Mission: New Opportunities for Ice Sheet Observations [J]. Remote Sensing , 2015 , 7 ( 7 ): 9371 - 9389 .
SCHRÖDER L , NECKEL N , ZINDLER R , et al . Perennial Supraglacial Lakes in Northeast Greenland Observed by Polarimetric SAR [J]. Remote Sensing , 2020 , 12 ( 17 ): 2798 .
DUNMIRE D , BANWELL A F , WEVER N , et al . Contrasting Regional Variability of Buried Meltwater Extent over 2 Years Across the Greenland Ice Sheet [J]. The Cryosphere , 2021 , 15 ( 6 ): 2983 - 3005 .
ALLEY R B , SALTZMAN E S , CUFFEY K M , et al . Summertime Formation of Depth Hoar in Central Greenland [J]. Geophysical Research Letters , 1990 , 17 ( 13 ): 2393 - 2396 .
LI Y , FU C A , KEEGAN K , et al . Microstructural Characterization of Depth Hoar and Ice-Crust Layers Using a Micro-CT, and Hypothesis of Ice-Crust Formation Under a Thunderstorm [J]. Hydrological Processes , 2023 , 37 ( 12 ): e15060 .
FEGYVERESI J M , ALLEY R B , MUTO A , et al . Surface Formation, Preservation, and History of Low-Porosity Crusts at the WAIS Divide Site, West Antarctica [J]. The Cryosphere , 2018 , 12 ( 1 ): 325 - 341 .
MEDLEY B , JOUGHIN I , DAS S B , et al . Airborne-Radar and Ice-Core Observations of Annual Snow Accumulation over Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica Confirm the Spatiotemporal Variability of Global and Regional Atmospheric Models [J]. Geophysical Research Letters , 2013 , 40 ( 14 ): 3649 - 3654 .
MEDLEY B , JOUGHIN I , SMITH B E , et al . Constraining the Recent Mass Balance of Pine Island and Thwaites Glaciers, West Antarctica, with Airborne Observations of Snow Accumulation [J]. The Cryosphere , 2014 , 8 ( 4 ): 1375 - 1392 .
WANG F T , LI Z Q , LI H L , et al . Development of Depth Hoar and Its Effect on Stable Oxygen Isotopic Content in Snow⁃Firn Stratigraphy on Ürümqi Glacier No. 1, Eastern Tien Shan, China [J]. Annals of Glaciology , 2008 , 49 : 135 - 138 .
WEI W S , QIN D H , LIU M Z . Properties and Structure of the Seasonal Snow Cover in the Continental Regions of China [J]. Annals of Glaciology , 2001 , 32 : 93 - 96 .
DOMINE F , BARRERE M , SARRAZIN D . Seasonal Evolution of the Effective Thermal Conductivity of the Snow and Thesoil in High Arctic Herb Tundra at Bylot Island, Canada [J]. The Cryosphere , 2016 , 10 ( 6 ): 2573 - 2588 .
DAVESNE G , DOMINE F , FORTIER D . Effects of Meteorology and Soil Moisture on the Spatiotemporal Evolution of the Depth Hoar Layer in the Polar Desert Snowpack [J]. Journal of Glaciology , 2022 , 68 ( 269 ): 457 - 472 .
ARCONE S A , SPIKES V B , HAMILTON G S . Phase Structure of Radar Stratigraphic Horizons Within Antarctic Firn [J]. Annals of Glaciology , 2005 , 41 : 10 - 16 .
IBIKUNLE O , PADEN J , RAHNEMOONFAR M , et al . Snow Radar Layer Tracking Using Iterative Neural Network Approach [C]// IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium , Waikoloa, USA , 2020 .
RAHNEMOONFAR M , YARI M , PADEN J , et al . Deep Multi-scale Learning for Automatic Tracking of Internal Layers of Ice in Radar Data [J]. Journal of Glaciology , 2021 , 67 ( 261 ): 39 - 48 .
WANG Y C , XU M Z , PADEN J D , et al . Deep Tiered Image Segmentation for Detecting Internal ICE Layers in Radar Imagery [C]// IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME) , Shenzhen, China , 2021 .
DONG S , TANG X Y , GUO J X , et al . EisNet: Extracting Bedrock and Internal Layers from Radiostratigraphy of Ice Sheets with Machine Learning [J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 2022 , 60 : 4303212 .
VARSHNEY D , RAHNEMOONFAR M , YARI M , et al . Deep Learning on Airborne Radar Echograms for Tracing Snow Accumulation Layers of the Greenland Ice Sheet [J]. Remote Sensing , 2021 , 13 ( 14 ): 2707 .
BELL R E . The Role of Subglacial Water in Ice-Sheet Mass Balance [J]. Nature Geoscience , 2008 , 1 ( 5 ): 297 - 304 .
LIANG Q , XIAO W X , HOWAT I , et al . Filling and Drainage of a Subglacial Lake Beneath the Flade Isblink Ice Cap, Northeast Greenland [J]. The Cryosphere , 2022 , 16 ( 7 ): 2671 - 2681 .
常沛 , 周春霞 , 雷皓博 . 南极冰盖接地线研究综述 [J]. 极地研究 , 2017 , 29 ( 3 ): 305 - 313 .
CHANG Pei , ZHOU Chunxia , LEI Haobo . Research Progress on Antarctic Ice Sheet Grounding Line [J]. Chinese Journal of Polar Research , 2017 , 29 ( 3 ): 305 - 313 .
LI T , DAWSON G J , CHUTER S J , et al . A High-Resolution Antarctic Grounding Zone Product from ICESat-2 Laser Altimetry [J]. Earth System Science Data , 2022 , 14 ( 2 ): 535 - 557 .
LI R X , LV D , XIE H , et al . A Comprehensive Assessment and Analysis of Antarctic Satellite Grounding Line Products from 1992 to 2009 [J]. Science China Earth Sciences , 2021 , 64 ( 8 ): 1332 - 1345 .
OTOSAKA I N , SHEPHERD A , AMORY C , et al . Mass Balance of the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets from the 1970s to 2023 [J]. Scientific Data , 2026 , 13 : 1301 .
SMITH B , FRICKER H A , GARDNER A S , et al . Pervasive Ice Sheet Mass Loss Reflects Competing Ocean and Atmosphere Processes [J]. Science , 2020 , 368 ( 6496 ): 1239 - 1242 .
LIN Y J , YU Z T , LIU Y , et al . Assessment of Antarctic Ice Sheet Mass Balance from 2005 to 2016 [J]. National Remote Sensing Bulletin , 2023 , 27 ( 2 ): 318 - 334 .
YANG T , LIANG Q , ZHENG L , et al . Mass Balance of the Antarctic Ice Sheet in the Early 21st Century [J]. Remote Sensing , 2023 , 15 ( 6 ): 1677 .
WILLEN M O , HORWATH M , BUCHTA E , et al . Globally Consistent Estimates of High-Resolution Antarctic Ice Mass Balance and Spatially Resolved Glacial Isostatic Adjustment [J]. The Cryosphere , 2024 , 18 ( 2 ): 775 - 790 .
LI R X , LI G J , HAI G , et al . Reconciled Estimation of Antarctic Ice Sheet Mass Balance and Contribution to Global Sea Level Change from 1996 to 2021 [J]. Science China Earth Sciences , 2024 , 67 ( 11 ): 3562 - 3578 .
0
浏览量
1
下载量
0
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621