1.山东省太空环境与探测技术重点实验室,山东大学空间科学研究院,山东大学空间科学与技术学院,山东 威海,264209
2.空间基准全国重点实验室,陕西 西安,710054
徐天河,博士,教授,研究方向为卫星导航。thxu@sdu.edu.cn
收稿:2026-08-17,
纸质出版:2026-10-05
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徐天河,贺备,王棣星.月球导航星座抗差自适应轨道确定与时间同步[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(10):2056-2070.
XU Tianhe,HE Bei,WANG Dixing.Robust Adaptive Orbit Determination and Time Synchronization for Lunar Navigation Constellation[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(10):2056-2070.
徐天河,贺备,王棣星.月球导航星座抗差自适应轨道确定与时间同步[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(10):2056-2070. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20260310
XU Tianhe,HE Bei,WANG Dixing.Robust Adaptive Orbit Determination and Time Synchronization for Lunar Navigation Constellation[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(10):2056-2070. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20260310
面向月球导航星座长期自主运行及地月空间定位、导航与授时需求,构建了融合椭圆月球冻结轨道(elliptical lunar frozen orbit,ELFO)和远距离逆行轨道(distant retrograde orbit,DRO)的混合月球导航星座,并利用低轨卫星和北斗卫星导航系统卫星作为地球侧天基参考节点,开展了基于双向单程星间测距的自主轨道确定与时间同步研究。在扩展卡尔曼滤波(extended Kalman filter,EKF)基础上引入抗差自适应卡尔曼滤波(robust adaptive Kalman filtering,RAKF),分别通过调整观测协方差和预测状态协方差抑制观测粗差与状态异常。仿真结果表明,正常状态下ELFO和DRO卫星三维定轨精度分别为6.3 m和14.1 m,时间同步精度分别为0.105 ns和0.118 ns;分别考虑5 m、10 m和20 m的观测异常条件下,RAKF的ELFO卫星三维定轨精度较EKF分别提升50.0%、76.6%和84.0%,时间同步精度相应分别提升34.07%、95.53%、98.24%;DRO卫星定轨精度分别提升73.6%、74.4%和76.9%,时间同步精度分别提升51.29%、96.46%、97.64%;状态异常场景下,RAKF的ELFO三维定轨精度较EKF由331.5 m提升至18.6 m。结果表明,所构建的混合星座可实现稳定的自主轨道确定与亚纳秒级时间同步,采用RAKF能够有效提升异常条件下的月球导航星座的自主定轨和时间同步精度。
Objectives
2
To support the long-term autonomous operation of lunar navigation constellation and meet the positioning
navigation and timing requirements of cislunar space
a hybrid lunar navigation constellation integrating elliptical lunar frozen orbit (ELFO) and distant retrograde orbit (DRO) satellites is constructed. Low earth orbit satellites and BeiDou navigation satellite system satellites are employed as Earth-side space-based reference nodes
and autonomous orbit determination and time synchronization based on dual one-way inter-satellite ranging are investigated.
Methods
2
On the basis of the extended Kalman filter (EKF)
robust adaptive Kalman filtering (RAKF) is introduced to suppress observation outliers and state anomalies by adjusting the observation covariance and predicted-state covariance
respectively.
Results
2
Simulation results show that
under nominal conditions
the three-dimensional orbit determination accuracies of the ELFO and DRO satellites are 6.3 m and 14.1 m
respectively
while the corresponding time synchronization accuracies are 0.105 ns and 0.118 ns. Under observation anomalies of 5 m
10 m
and 20 m
RAKF improves the three-dimensional orbit determination accuracy of the ELFO satellites over EKF by 50.0%
76.6%
and 84.0%
respectively
while the corresponding time synchronization accuracy is improved by 34.07%
95.53%
and 98.24%. For the DRO satellite
the orbit determination accuracy is improved by 73.6%
74.4%
and 76.9%
respectively
and the time synchronization accuracy is improved by 51.29%
96.46%
and 97.64%. Under the state-anomaly scenario
RAKF improves the three-dimensional orbit determination accuracy of the ELFO satellite from 331.5 m to 18.6 m compared with EKF.
Conclusions
2
The results demonstrate that the constructed hybrid constellation can achieve stable autonomous orbit determination and sub-nanosecond time synchronization
and that RAKF can effectively improve the autonomous orbit determination and time synchronization performance of lunar navigation constellations under anomalous conditions.
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