无人机坞网新型测绘基础设施：概念、框架与实现

李清泉; 姜三; 王智均; 于文率

doi:10.13203/j.whugis20260147

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无人机坞网新型测绘基础设施：概念、框架与实现

院士论坛 | 更新时间：2026-11-05

- 无人机坞网新型测绘基础设施：概念、框架与实现
- New Surveying and Mapping Infrastructure Based on UAV Dock Networks： Concept， Framework， and Implementation
- 武汉大学学报（信息科学版） 2026年51卷第8期页码：1537-1547
- 作者机构：
  
  1.深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院，广东深圳，518060
  2.深圳大学土木与交通工程学院，广东深圳518060
  3.人工智能与数字经济广东省实验室（深圳），广东深圳，518060
  4.自然资源部大湾区地理环境监测重点实验室，广东深圳，518060
  5.广东省城市空间信息工程重点实验室，广东深圳，518060
- 作者简介：
  
  李清泉，博士，教授，中国工程院院士，研究方向为动态精密工程测量。liqq@szu.edu.cn
  姜三，副教授。jiangsan@szu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  教育部基础学科和交叉学科突破计划(JYB2025XDXM111);国家自然科学基金(42371442);深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ202506041816140 19)
- DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20260147
  中图分类号： P237
- 收稿：2026-05-07，
  
  纸质出版：2026-08-05
- 稿件说明：
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李清泉,姜三,王智均，等.无人机坞网新型测绘基础设施：概念、框架与实现[J].武汉大学学报（信息科学版）,2026,51(8):1537-1547.

LI Qingquan,JIANG San,WANG Zhijun,et al.New Surveying and Mapping Infrastructure Based on UAV Dock Networks: Concept, Framework, and Implementation[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(8):1537-1547.
李清泉,姜三,王智均，等.无人机坞网新型测绘基础设施：概念、框架与实现[J].武汉大学学报（信息科学版）,2026,51(8):1537-1547. DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20260147

LI Qingquan,JIANG San,WANG Zhijun,et al.New Surveying and Mapping Infrastructure Based on UAV Dock Networks: Concept, Framework, and Implementation[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(8):1537-1547. DOI：10.13203/j.whugis20260147

摘要

随着无人机技术普及与低空经济应用的快速崛起，首次提出了无人机坞网新型测绘基础设施概念，及其作为基础设施的核心特征：网络化组网能力、平台化服务能力、规模化支撑能力以及统一时空基准。构建了无人机坞网新型测绘基础设施的技术框架，涵盖硬件层、通信层、处理层与服务层。以此为框架标准，从多机协同数据获取、大规模场景三维重建、专题信息提取和综合服务平台等方面，提出了无人机坞网新型测绘基础设施的核心技术，并以城市治理更新、工程施工监测、灾害应急响应和环境保护监测等典型场景为例，论证无人机坞网新型测绘基础设施的业务化运行模式，为后续技术研发与工程实践提供理论指导。

Abstract

Objectives

With the rapid development of low-altitude economy and the widespread application of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology

traditional manual-controlled single-UAV operation modes can no longer meet the requirements of large-scale

periodic

and high-efficiency surveying and mapping tasks. This paper

for the first time

proposes the concept of a new surveying and mapping infrastructure based on UAV dock networks (DN-SMI). It aims to define its core characteristics as an infrastructure

including networked networking capability

large-scale support capability

platform-based service capability

and unified spatiotemporal benchmark

and to establish a systematic technical framework and implementation scheme for DN-SMI.

Methods

Based on the evolution of multi-platform observation systems (satellite

aerial

low-altitude UAV

and ground platforms)

this paper first identifies the limitations of existing UAV mapping modes and the necessity of upgrading to a dock-network-based infrastructure. It then defines the core characteristics of DN-SMI: networked deployment of intelligent UAV docks enabling wide-coverage and rapid-response operations; large-scale support through cloud-edge-end collaboration for massive data processing; platform-based services supporting plug-and-play multi-sensors and on-demand data products; and unified spatiotemporal benchmark via integration with continuous operational reference system. A four-layer technical framework is constructed

covering the hardware layer (UAV platforms

standardized payload interfaces

and grid-deployed intelligent docks)

communication layer (5G-Advanced/6G and Internet of things-based low-altitude ubiquitous connectivity)

processing layer (offline structure from motion (SfM) and online simultaneous localization and mapping for three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction

plus intelligent image interpretation for thematic mapping)

and service layer (crowdsourced task distribution

automated processing pipeline

and visualized product delivery). Key technologies are elaborated from four aspects: multi-UAV collaborative data acquisition (including optimized views photogrammetry for complex urban scenes)

large-scale scene 3D reconstruction (efficient image matching

parallel SfM

distributed 3D Gaussian splatting

and real-time photogrammetry)

thematic information extraction (accurate building polygonal mapping and parametric wireframe reconstruction)

and an integrated service platform with crowdsourcing mechanism. Finally

typical application scenarios are demonstrated

including urban governance and renewal

engineering construction monitoring

disaster emergency response

and environmental protection monitoring.

Results

The proposed DN-SMI concept and technical framework address the bottlenecks of traditional UAV mapping in large-scale

periodic

and high-timeliness tasks. The four-layer architecture and key technologies have been validated through practical deployments

demonstrating significant improvements in data acquisition efficiency

3D reconstruction quality

and service delivery standardization. The crowdsourced service platform supports on-demand

traceable

and standardized geospatial product delivery

effectively lowering the threshold for high-precision mapping and providing reliable support for urban digital twins

low-altitude economy

and smart city management.

Conclusions

The DN-SMI represents a fundamental shift of UAV surveying and mapping from a single data collection tool to a networked

intelligent

and service-oriented infrastructure. The proposed concept

core characteristics

four-layer technical framework

and key technologies provide systematic theoretical guidance for technological development and engineering practice. Future work should focus on enhancing robustness under complex environments

improving legality (airspace compliance

data security

privacy protection)

and ensuring universality (cost-effective deployment and cross-regional interoperability)

so as to promote DN-SMI as a reliable

lawful

and ubiquitous spatiotemporal information infrastructure for the digital economy and low-altitude economy.

关键词

Keywords

references

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