1.武汉理工大学航运学院,湖北 武汉,430063
2.武汉理工大学水路交通控制全国重点实验室,湖北 武汉,430063
3.武汉理工大学三亚科教创新园,海南 三亚,572025
4.中国地质大学(武汉)国家地理信息系统工程技术研究中心,湖北 武汉,430074
余红楚,博士,教授,主要从事海事大数据建模与调度优化、航运网建模与时空知识图谱、海图信息融合与智能导助航等研究。hcyu@whut.edu.cn
卢怡帆,硕士,工程师。1120765231@qq.com
收稿:2026-04-27,
纸质出版:2026-08-05
移动端阅览
余红楚,徐潇涵,卢怡帆,等.海事时空数据挖掘与预测研究进展[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(8):1725-1754.
YU Hongchu,XU Xiaohan,LU Yifan,et al.Research Progress of Spatiotemporal Data Mining and Prediction for Maritime Transportation[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(8):1725-1754.
余红楚,徐潇涵,卢怡帆,等.海事时空数据挖掘与预测研究进展[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(8):1725-1754. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20260133
YU Hongchu,XU Xiaohan,LU Yifan,et al.Research Progress of Spatiotemporal Data Mining and Prediction for Maritime Transportation[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(8):1725-1754. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20260133
时空数据、物联网、高性能计算与人工智能的发展,持续推动航运业新业态演进。海事时空数据包括船舶轨迹、海图、气象数据及航运业务相关数据等,构成了反映水上交通运行态势的重要时空信息基础。海事时空数据挖掘与预测研究对于提升航运系统运行效率、运输能力与服务质量具有重要意义。系统梳理了近十年来国内外基于海事时空数据的相关研究,归纳了经典统计分析、时空统计分析、时空预测以及图论与复杂网络等主要方法,总结了其在船舶行为建模、水上交通风险评估、船舶路径优化、港口调度管理、港口与航运企业运营评估、船舶运输网络分析、船舶排放监测与预测、船舶目标识别以及航运知识图谱构建与应用等方面的研究进展,并进一步分析了该领域面临的主要挑战与未来发展方向。
The rapid development of spatiotemporal data
the internet of things
high-performance computing
and artificial intelligence has continuously accelerated the digital and intelligent transformation of maritime transportation. Maritime spatiotemporal data
including vessel trajectories
nautical charts
meteorological and hydrological observations
and shipping business-related data
have become an important information foundation for describing the operational status of waterborne traffic and supporting intelligent maritime governance. Through effective mining and prediction of such data
it becomes possible to improve operational efficiency
transport capacity
service quality
safety management
and environmental sustainability in maritime transportation systems.Research published over the past decade has shown that maritime spatiotemporal data mining and prediction has gradually formed a relatively comprehensive methodological framework. Classical statistical analysis remains important for regression
clustering
classification
and time-series modeling
especially in tasks such as fuel-consumption estimation
trajectory pattern discovery
vessel classification
and trend analysis. Spatiotemporal statistical analysis further strengthens the characterization of spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity by introducing spatial autocorrelation analysis
spatial pattern analysis
and spatial regression models
thereby providing effective tools for traffic-flow monitoring
hotspot identification
and regional risk assessment. With the rapid development of data-driven methods
machine learning and deep learning have been widely applied to trajectory prediction
traffic-state prediction
behavior recognition
and emission forecasting. In parallel
graph theory and complex network methods have provided effective support for representing interactions among vessels
ports
and routes
and for analyzing network evolution
vulnerability
and resilience.Existing studies have also demonstrated broad application potential in vessel behavior modeling
waterborne traffic risk assessment
vessel path optimization
port scheduling and management
port and shipping enterprise operation evaluation
shipping network analysis
ship emission monitoring and prediction
vessel target recognition
and maritime knowledge graph construction and application. Overall
maritime spatiotemporal data are driving a transition from experience-based judgment toward data-driven analysis and intelligent decision support.Despite these advances
several challenges remain unresolved
including data heterogeneity
missing and noisy observations
cross-source fusion difficulty
uncertainty propagation
insufficient model interpretability
weak cross-scenario generalization
and the lack of unified evaluation benchmarks. Future research should place greater emphasis on high-quality multimodal data construction
real-time spatiotemporal computing
knowledge-enhanced modeling
graph intelligence
large-model-assisted maritime decision support
and integrated frameworks that combine perception
analysis
prediction
and dynamic control
so as to provide stronger support for intelligent shipping
smart ports
and modern waterborne traffic governance.
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