复旦大学历史地理研究中心,上海,200433
盛灏成,博士生,主要从事历史城市地理与数字人文研究。Shenghaocheng@fudan.edu.cn
李爽,副教授。li_shuang@fudan.edu.cn
收稿:2025-10-24,
纸质出版:2026-01-05
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盛灏成,李爽.空间化和历时性双重视角下的上海历史文化风貌区功能分区与建筑色彩分异研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(1):99-113.
SHENG Haocheng,LI Shuang.Functional Zoning and Architectural Color Differentiation in Shanghai Historic and Cultural Conservation Area from Dual Spatial and Temporal Perspectives[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(1):99-113.
盛灏成,李爽.空间化和历时性双重视角下的上海历史文化风貌区功能分区与建筑色彩分异研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(1):99-113. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20250342
SHENG Haocheng,LI Shuang.Functional Zoning and Architectural Color Differentiation in Shanghai Historic and Cultural Conservation Area from Dual Spatial and Temporal Perspectives[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(1):99-113. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20250342
中国上海市自1843年对外开埠后,城市空间逐渐分化,形成若干功能各异的区域,其中建筑色彩正是区域内物质文化差异化的空间表征与重要载体。以空间综合人文学与社会科学为研究路径,解析上海原租界地区不同历史功能分区内的建筑色彩,分析色彩演化规律及背后的历史文化内涵,具体研究路线为:选取外滩和衡复历史文化风貌区作为研究区域,依据历史地图与原始档案重建历史功能分区;运用深度学习技术提取街景影像中的历史建筑色彩信息,进而分析色彩与功能分区之间的空间分异关系;通过构建随机森林模型剖析建筑色彩分异的驱动力。研究结果表明:(1)历史功能分区与历史建筑色彩的空间分异呈现出显著的空间耦合性,其中外滩作为滨江金融功能区,建筑色彩呈现出冷色调集聚,衡复作为住宅行政区,则表现出丰富的暖色调倾向。(2)历史时期形成的金融贸易、高端住宅和行政集聚等差异化分区,是建筑色彩空间分异的核心驱动力。(3)建筑色彩空间分异具有双重历时性机制:外滩地区因金融商业建筑公有化权属、外立面材质耐久与金融功能持续的影响,建筑色彩具有“历史固化”特性;衡复地区因私人住宅属性,在建筑材料迭代、现代建筑主义思潮和政策干预影响下,呈现出“色彩叠加”的演变过程。
Objectives
2
Since the opening of Shanghai City
China as a treaty port in 1843
its urban space underwent a gradual process of segregation
leading to the formation of a number of differentiated functional zones. Architectural color became a visible marker of material culture and a key indicator of spatial differen‑ce. The objective of our study is to clarify how architectural colors vary across historical functional districts
how these colors evolved
and what cultural and historical processes shaped their differentiation.
Methods
2
Following the research paradigm of spatially integrated humanities and social sciences
we select the Bund and the Hengfu Historic and Cultural Conservation Area as the study sites. Historical maps and archival records were used to reconstruct the functional districts of the Bund and the Hengfu Historical Landscape Area. Deep learning algorithms extracted color information from large-scale street-view imagery of historical buildings. Then spatial statistics were employed to assess the relationships between color patterns and functional zoning. Finally
random forest model was used to identify the main drivers influencing color differentiation.
Results
2
The results indicate that: (1) Historical zoning and architectural color show strong spatial correspondence. The Bund
shaped by its long-term financial and commercial functions
is dominated by cool tones. Hengfu
characterized by residential and administrative uses
shows a concentration of warm tones. (2) Functional specialization in finance
elite housing
and administration forms the primary force behind color differentiation. (3) Two diachronic mechanisms are evident: The Bund displays a pattern of “historical fixation” due to durable façade materials
public ownership
and stable financial functions; Hengfu displays a process of “color stratification
” shaped by material renewal
modernist architectural trends
and policy interventions.
Conclusions
2
By integrating spatialized and diachronic perspectives
we find architectural color in the Shanghai concessions reflects a spatially coupled and temporally layered formation process. The integration of spatial reconstruction
street-view-based color extraction
and machine-learning interpretation provides a clear framework for understanding color variation in historical urban areas. These findings offer a foundation for protecting the authenticity and integrity of cultural heritage landscapes.
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