1.武汉大学测绘学院,湖北 武汉,430079
2.武汉大学卫星导航定位技术研究中心,湖北 武汉,430079
李敏,博士,教授,研究方向为卫星精密定轨。limin@whu.edu.cn
何蒋威,硕士生。xvvhjw_whu@whu.edu.cn
收稿:2026-01-25,
纸质出版:2026-08-05
移动端阅览
李敏,何蒋威,李文文,等.地磁暴期间低轨卫星实时精密定轨研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(8):1611-1619.
LI Min,HE Jiangwei,LI Wenwen,et al.Real-Time Precise Orbit Determination for Low Earth Orbit Satellites During Geomagnetic Storms[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(8):1611-1619.
李敏,何蒋威,李文文,等.地磁暴期间低轨卫星实时精密定轨研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(8):1611-1619. DOI:,10.13203/j.whugis20250340
LI Min,HE Jiangwei,LI Wenwen,et al.Real-Time Precise Orbit Determination for Low Earth Orbit Satellites During Geomagnetic Storms[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(8):1611-1619. DOI:,10.13203/j.whugis20250340
研究了基于星载全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)技术和加速度计数据的GRACE(gravity recovery and climate experiment)卫星计划的后续卫星(GRACE Follow-On,GRACE-FO)实时精密定轨,重点分析了地磁暴期间融合星载加速度计数据对实时精密定轨和轨道维持精度的提升。地磁平静时期,采用非保守力摄动模型和星载加速度计数据定轨精度相当,均优于30 cm;地磁暴发生时期,使用加速度计数据辅助定轨精度优于40 cm,较采用非保守力摄动模型定轨精度平均提升31%。在此基础上进一步研究了地磁暴期间GNSS拒止条件(GNSS信号完全丢失)下的轨道维持精度,利用星载加速度计数据60 min轨道维持精度优于50 cm,200 min精度优于150 cm,相较于无加速度计情形平均提升87%。实验结果表明
融合星载GNSS和加速度计数据可以显著提升地磁暴期间实时定轨和轨道维持精度,达到与地磁暴平静时期一致的精度水平。
Objective
2
Maintaining high-precision orbits for low earth orbit satellites is essential for advanced Earth observation and navigation systems. This study investigated real-time precise orbit determination using gravity recovery and climate experiment follow-on (GRACE-FO) satellite data based on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and accelerometer
specifically focusing on precise orbit determination and orbit maintenance during GNSS-denied conditions (signal degradation or loss). The key aim was to evaluate the improvement in orbit accuracy from integrating onboard accelerometer data
particularly during geomagnetic storms.
Methods
2
Following an initial study of orbit determination accuracy during geomagnetically quiet periods
this paper assesses the precision gain from using accelerometer data over conventional empirical models for real-time orbit determination. When both strategies showed comparable accuracy
we then investigated their performance differences during geomagnetic storms. This included evaluating both real-time orbit determination and orbit maintenance accuracy under different denial lengths in navigation-denied scenarios.
Results
2
During quiet periods with unimpeded GNSS signals
both strategies delivered similar real-time orbit determination accuracy
better than 30 cm. Under geomagnetic storm conditions
the accelerometer-assisted strategy achieved orbit determination accuracy better than 40 cm
outperforming the conventional strategy by an average of 31%. In simulated GNSS-denied conditions during storms
accelerometer data significantly improved orbit maintenance accuracy: 30 minute and 60 minute accuracies were better than 50 cm
and 200 minute accuracy was better than 150 cm (by an average of 87% improvement) compared to conditions without accelerometer data.
Conclusions
2
Integrating on-board GNSS and accelerometer data for real-time orbit determination and maintenance during GNSS-denied conditions effectively maintains orbit accuracy during geomagnetic storms. This strategy sustains precision levels comparable to those achieved in quiet periods
demonstrating a strong capability for robust orbit accuracy maintenance under disturbed space weather conditions.
耿涛 , 郝鑫卓 , 李志强 , 等 . 低轨增强北斗三号PPP-B2b精密定位 [J/OL]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版) , 2025 . https://doi.org/10.13203/j.whugis20250227 https://doi.org/10.13203/j.whugis20250227 .
GENG Tao , HAO Xinzhuo , LI Zhiqiang , et al . LEO Augmented Precise Positioning with BDS-3 PPP-B 2 b[J/OL]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University , 2025 . https://doi.org/10.13203/j.whugis20250227 https://doi.org/10.13203/j.whugis20250227 .
RIES L , LIMON M C , GREC F C , et al . LEO-PNT for Augmenting Europe’s Space-Based PNT Capabilities [C]//IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium, Monterey, CA, USA , 2023 .
CHEN C R , HWANG F T , HSUEH C W . Mission Studies on Constellation of LEO Satellites with Remote-Sensing and Communication Payloads [C]//SPIE Optical Engineering+Applications, San Diego, California, USA , 2017 .
WANG L , CHEN R Z , LI D R , et al . Initial Assessment of the LEO Based Navigation Signal Augmentation System from Luojia-1A Satellite [J]. Sensors , 2018 , 18 ( 11 ): 3919 .
张勤 , 王乐 , 赖文 , 等 . 低轨增强北斗的星地一体化系统仿真及综合性能评估研究 [J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版) , 2023 , 48 ( 11 ): 1863 - 1875 .
ZHANG Qin , WANG Le , LAI Wen , et al . Simulation and Comprehensive Performance Evaluation of the Integrated Space-Ground System for Low Earth Orbit-Enhanced BeiDou Navigation Satellite System [J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University , 2023 , 48 ( 11 ): 1863 - 1875 .
吴尧 , 陈俊宇 . 基于SWARM-C卫星数据对HASDM模型的热层大气密度误差分析 [J]. 空间科学学报 , 2026 , 46 ( 1 ): 76 - 85 .
WU Yao , CHEN Junyu . Error Analysis of Thermosphere Atmospheric Density for HASDM Method Based on SWARM-C Satellite Data [J]. Chinese Journal of Space Science , 2026 , 46 ( 1 ): 76 - 85 .
汪海潮 , 王长青 , 郭丁昊 , 等 . 利用GRACE-FO卫星探测不同强度大地磁暴引发的热层大气密度及卫星轨道衰减变化 [J]. 测绘学报 , 2025 , 54 ( 2 ): 248 - 261 .
WANG Haichao , WANG Changqing , GUO Dinghao , et al . Detection of Atmospheric Density in the Thermosphere and Satellite Orbital Decay Variations Triggered by Different Intensities of Geomagnetic Storms Using the GRACE-FO Satellite [J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica , 2025 , 54 ( 2 ): 248 - 261 .
ZHANG K K , LI X X , XIONG C , et al . The Influence of Geomagnetic Storm of 7-8 September 2017 on the Swarm Precise Orbit Determination [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics , 2019 , 124 ( 8 ): 6971 - 6984 .
AHMAD N , KILOWASID L O M M , FAKHRURROJA H , et al . How Geomagnetic Storms Affect the Loss of Starlink Satellites in February 2022? [J]. Earth, Planets and Space , 2025 , 77 ( 1 ): 2 .
BERGER T E , DOMINIQUE M , LUCAS G , et al . The Thermosphere Is a Drag: The 2022 Starlink Incident and the Threat of Geomagnetic Storms to Low Earth Orbit Space Operations [J]. Space Weather , 2023 , 21 ( 3 ): e2022SW003330 .
KINTNER P M , LEDVINA B M , DE PAULA E R . GPS and Ionospheric Scintillations [J]. Space Weather , 2007 , 5 ( 9 ): 2006SW000260 .
桑文刚 , 娄广振 , 张兴国 , 等 . 地磁暴期间电离层扰动监测及GNSS定位性能分析 [J]. 全球定位系统 , 2023 , 48 ( 5 ): 71 - 78 .
SANG Wengang , LOU Guangzhen , ZHANG Xingguo , et al . Ionospheric Disturbance Monitoring and GNSS Positioning Performance Analysis During Geomagnetic Storms [J]. GNSS World of China , 2023 , 48 ( 5 ): 71 - 78 .
HU G G , GAO S S , ZHONG Y M , et al . Matrix Weighted Multisensor Data Fusion for INS/GNSS/CNS Integration [J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering , 2016 , 230 ( 6 ): 1011 - 1026 .
CHEN X , TANG C P , DAI W J , et al . Orbit Determination of GNSS-Denied LEO Satellites Using Single Inter-Satellite Link Measurements [J]. Advances in Space Research , 2025 , 76 ( 10 ): 6330 - 6346 .
CHRISTOPHE B , BOULANGER D , FOULON B , et al . A New Generation of Ultra-Sensitive Electrostatic Accelerometers for GRACE Follow-On and Towards the Next Generation Gravity Missions [J]. Acta Astronautica , 2015 , 117 : 1 - 7 .
JÄGGI A , BEUTLER G , HUGENTOBLER U . Reduced-Dynamic Orbit Determination and the Use of Accelerometer Data [J]. Advances in Space Research , 2005 , 36 ( 3 ): 438 - 444 .
VAN HELLEPUTTE T , VISSER P . GPS Based Orbit Determination Using Accelerometer Data [J]. Aerospace Science and Technology , 2008 , 12 ( 6 ): 478 - 484 .
GE H B , LI B F , GE M R , et al . Improving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Prediction with Accelerometer Data [J]. Remote Sensing , 2020 , 12 ( 10 ): 1599 .
DU J F , DAI X L , LOU Y D , et al . An Improved Method for LEO Orbit Prediction Using Predicted Accelerometer Data [J]. GPS Solutions , 2024 , 28 ( 3 ): 132 .
赵齐乐 . GPS导航星座及低轨卫星的精密定轨理论和软件研究 [D]. 武汉 : 武汉大学 , 2004 .
ZHAO Qile . Research on Precision Orbit Determination Theory and Software of both GPS Naviagation Constellation and LEO Satellites [D]. Wuhan : Wuhan University , 2004 .
李征航 , 黄劲松 . GPS测量与数据处理 [M]. 武汉 : 武汉大学出版社 , 2013 .
LI Zhenghang , HUANG Jingsong . GPS Surveying and Data Processing [M] Wuhan : Wuhan University Press , 2013 .
VIELBERG K , FOROOTAN E , LÜCK C , et al . Comparison of Accelerometer Data Calibration Methods Used in Thermospheric Neutral Density Estimation [J]. Annales Geophysicae , 2018 , 36 ( 3 ): 761 - 779 .
VISSER P N A , VAN DEN IJSSEL J A A . Calibration and Validation of Individual GOCE Accelerometers by Precise Orbit Determination [J]. Journal of Geodesy , 2016 , 90 ( 1 ): 1 - 13 .
ZHANG J H , YOU W , YU B , et al . GRACE-FO Accelerometer Performance Analysis and Calibration [J]. GPS Solutions , 2023 , 27 ( 4 ): 158 .
戴小蕾 . 基于平方根信息滤波的GNSS导航卫星实时精密定轨理论与方法 [D]. 武汉 : 武汉大学 , 2016 .
DAI Xiaolei . Real-Time Precise GNSS Satellite Orbit Determination Using the SRIF Method: Theory and Implemencation [D]. Wuhan : Wuhan University , 2016 .
LANDERER F W , FLECHTNER F M , SAVE H , et al . Extending the Global Mass Change Data Record: GRACE Follow-On Instrument and Science Data Performance [J]. Geophysical Research Letters , 2020 , 47 ( 12 ): e2020GL088306 .
LOEWE C A , PRÖLSS G W . Classification and Mean Behavior of Magnetic Storms [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics , 1997 , 102 ( A7 ): 14209 - 14213 .
张万威 , 刘宇槺 , 王甫红 . LEO星载GPS实时精密定轨伪模糊度随机过程参数优化 [J]. 大地测量与地球动力学 , 2024 , 44 ( 7 ): 680 - 683 .
ZHANG Wanwei , LIU Yukang , WANG Fuhong . Optimization of Random Process Parameters for Pseudo-Ambiguity in Real-Time Precise Orbit Determination of LEO Satellites Using Space-Borne GPS Data [J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics , 2024 , 44 ( 7 ): 680 - 683 .
HACKEL S , MONTENBRUCK O , STEIGENBERGER P , et al . Model Improvements and Validation of TerraSAR-X Precise Orbit Determination [J]. Journal of Geodesy , 2017 , 91 ( 5 ): 547 - 562 .
张强 . 采用GPS与北斗的低轨卫星及其编队精密定轨关键技术研究 [D]. 武汉 : 武汉大学 , 2018 .
ZHANG Qiang . Research on the Key Technologies of Precise Orbit Determination for Low Earth Orbit Satellites and Their Formation Using GPS and BDS [D]. Wuhan : Wuhan University , 2018 .
0
浏览量
1
下载量
0
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621