1.武汉大学卫星导航定位技术研究中心,湖北 武汉,430079
2.武汉大学测绘学院,湖北 武汉,430079
3.浙江省测绘科学技术研究院,浙江 杭州,310012
4.广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院有限公司,广东 广州,510060
5.国家能源局大坝安全监察中心,浙江 杭州,311122
姜卫平,博士,教授,主要从事高精度卫星导航定位理论与技术及工程应用研究。wpjiang@whu.edu.cn
收稿:2025-03-27,
纸质出版:2025-05-05
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姜卫平,谢秉辰,陈渠森,等.融合GNSS与RTS观测值的紧组合变形监测方法研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2025,50(5):823-835.
JIANG Weiping,XIE Bingchen,CHEN Qusen,et al.A Tightly Coupled Deformation Monitoring Method Combining GNSS and RTS Observations[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2025,50(5):823-835.
姜卫平,谢秉辰,陈渠森,等.融合GNSS与RTS观测值的紧组合变形监测方法研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2025,50(5):823-835. DOI:,10.13203/j.whugis20250084
JIANG Weiping,XIE Bingchen,CHEN Qusen,et al.A Tightly Coupled Deformation Monitoring Method Combining GNSS and RTS Observations[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2025,50(5):823-835. DOI:,10.13203/j.whugis20250084
混凝土坝、土石坝等水利工程外观变形监测精度要求较高,通常需要达到1 mm级(≤3 mm)。然而,工程监测的观测环境复杂,导致全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system
GNSS) 、测量机器人(robotic total stations
RTS)等当前常用的变形监测技术精度降低,部分情况下甚至无法满足规范的技术要求。为此,提出一种融合GNSS与RTS距离&角度观测值的紧组合变形监测方法,将RTS记录的距离、角度等测量值作为基线约束条件,补充GNSS观测矩阵强度并提高其载波相位的模糊度固定率及定位精度。结果表明,RTS观测值可以提高GNSS卫星的位置精度因子值,显著优化复杂环境中观测值的几何分布构型。与单一GNSS相比,组合距离观测值、角度观测值和距离+角度观测值后高程方向的定位精度平均提升18.0%、48.9%、61.3%,且RTS角度观测值较距离观测值能够更为有效地提升变形监测的精度。此外,RTS不同类型观测值在紧组合定位中可以提高GNSS模糊度固定率,且组合角度观测值后载波相位残差更加趋于理想的正态分布。因此,角度观测值对于GNSS/RTS紧组合变形监测精度的提升发挥着更加重要的作用。
Objectives
2
Deformation monitoring for concrete dams
earth and rock dams and other water conservation projects is highly demanding
usually requiring a monitoring accuracy of 1 mm (≤ 3 mm). However
the complexity of the engineering monitoring environment can compromise the precision of the current deformation monitoring techniques
such as global navigation satellite system (GNSS)
robotic total stations (RTS)
etc. It is acknowledged that these techniques may not meet ideal specifications in certain senses
due to the occasion or long distance.
Methods
2
To address the above problems
we propose a GNSS/RTS tightly coupled deformation monitoring method that utilizes the distance and angle observations. The distance
angle
and other measurements recorded by the RTS are used as baseline constraints to supplement the GNSS observation matrix strength and improve the fixing rate of the GNSS carrier phase ambiguity and positioning precision.
Results
2
The results show that RTS observations can improve the position dilution of precision values of GNSS satellites and significantly optimize the geometric distribution configuration of observations in complex environments. Compared with single GNSS positioning
the average elevation accuracy is improved by 18.0%
48.9% and 61.3% after combining distance
angle
and distance+angle observations
respectively. The RTS angle observations are more effective in improving the deformation monitoring accuracy. In addition
different types of RTS observations in tightly coupled positioning can improve the GNSS fixing rate of ambiguities
and the carrier phase residuals tend to follow an ideal normal distribution with the combination of angle observations.
Conclusions
2
Angle observations play a more critical role in enhancing the accuracy of GNSS/RTS tightly coupled deformation monitoring.
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