1.重庆交通大学智慧城市学院,重庆,400074
2.重庆市设计院有限公司,重庆,400015
李华蓉,博士,副教授,研究方向为室内地图可视表达的研究。990020040625@cqjtu.edu.cn
收稿:2025-04-20,
纸质出版:2026-01-05
移动端阅览
李华蓉,梁渝清,赵一,等.利用顾及数据平衡的随机森林方法构建室内地标显著度评价模型[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(1):158-170.
LI Huarong,LIANG Yuqing,ZHAO Yi,et al.Indoor Landmark Salience Evaluation Model Using Random Forest with Data Balance Consideration[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(1):158-170.
李华蓉,梁渝清,赵一,等.利用顾及数据平衡的随机森林方法构建室内地标显著度评价模型[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(1):158-170. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20250021
LI Huarong,LIANG Yuqing,ZHAO Yi,et al.Indoor Landmark Salience Evaluation Model Using Random Forest with Data Balance Consideration[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(1):158-170. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20250021
针对室内兴趣点(point of interest,POI)显著度评价问题,提出了一种基于数据平衡的随机森林(random forest,RF)模型。鉴于现有模型在处理数据不均衡及模拟显著度与影响指标之间复杂非线性关系方面的局限性,聚焦视觉、语义和结构三大维度,构建了包含34项特征的指标体系。通过合成少数类过采样技术(synthetic minority over-sampling technique,SMOTE)有效缓解数据不平衡和基于重要性权重的特征优化,形成了随机森林评价模型。实验结果表明,该模型在室内POI数据集上展现出卓越的性能,其准确率、精确度、召回率、加权
F
1分数和曲线下面积分别达到了0.987、0.984、0.987、0.987和0.999;与未进行数据均衡处理的RF模型相比,性能提升了一倍;与其他模型(如支持向量机、遗传规划算法)相比,性能分别提升了15%和5%,且在测试集上也显示出了良好的泛化性能。
Objectives
2
With the continuous expansion of urban complexes
subterranean infrastructures
and multilevel transportation hubs
building interiors have become increasingly three-dimensional and intricate. As a consequence
traditional GPS signals are severely attenuated by floor slabs
rendering them inadequate for reliable indoor positioning. In this context
indoor points of interest (POI) have emerged as pivotal spatial anchors for seamless navigation and location-based services
and the rigorous selection of salient indoor POI has consequently become a prominent research focus.
Methods
2
To address the challenge of quantifying indoor POI saliency
we propose a data-balance-aware enhanced random forest (RF) framework. The existing approaches suffer from evident shortcomings in class imbalance and in capturing the highly non-linear dependencies between saliency and multi-dimensional predictors. Therefore
a comprehensive indicator set comprising 34 fine-grained features is systematically constructed from three complementary perspectives
including visual saliency
semantic saliency
and spatial saliency. The synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) was employed to mitigate class imbalance
and a feature selection scheme driven by importance weighting was subsequently implemented. The final RF model
trained on the rebalanced and optimized feature space
delivers high accuracy and strong generalization for indoor POI saliency evaluation.
Results
2
Empirical research results show that the proposed model demonstrates outstanding performance on the indoor POI dataset. The accuracy
precision
recall
weighted
F
1 score
and area under the curve have reached 0.987
0.984
0.987
0.987
and 0.999
respectively. Compared with the RF model without data balancing
the performance of the proposed model has been doubled. Compared with other traditional models
such as support vector machine and genetic programming
the performance of the proposed model has been increased by 15% and 5%
respectively. Moreover
the proposed model exhibits good generalization performance on the test set.
Conclusions
2
We introduce a data-balance-aware RF model
offering a unified framework for indicator selection
imbalanced-sample treatment
and robust model construction in indoor POI saliency assessment
thereby conferring both theoretical and practical impetus to high-precision indoor positioning and intelligent navigation services.
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