1.武汉理工大学航运学院,湖北 武汉,430063
2.水路交通控制全国重点实验室(武汉理工大学),湖北 武汉,430063
3.武汉大学卫星导航定位技术研究中心,湖北 武汉,430079
马杰,博士,教授,研究方向为信息融合感知、船舶智能导航与时空服务。majie@whut.edu.cn
邓辰龙,博士,副教授。c.deng@whut.edu.cn
收稿:2025-03-09,
纸质出版:2026-06-05
移动端阅览
马杰,王雯,邓辰龙,等.动态观测权调整的GNSS/INS抗差因子图优化算法[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(6):1098-1109.
MA Jie,WANG Wen,DENG Chenlong,et al.A Robust Factor Graph Optimization Algorithm with Dynamic Observation Weight Adjusting[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(6):1098-1109.
马杰,王雯,邓辰龙,等.动态观测权调整的GNSS/INS抗差因子图优化算法[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(6):1098-1109. DOI:,10.13203/j.whugis20240493
MA Jie,WANG Wen,DENG Chenlong,et al.A Robust Factor Graph Optimization Algorithm with Dynamic Observation Weight Adjusting[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(6):1098-1109. DOI:,10.13203/j.whugis20240493
全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system
GNSS)和惯性导航系统(inertial navigation system
INS)组合导航能够提供连续的定位服务,但在复杂的城市环境中,GNSS信号易受多路径效应和非视距信号干扰,异常观测值频发,显著影响组合导航的定位精度。针对传统因子图优化方法中固定权重难以适应GNSS量测噪声协方差动态变化,以及引入Huber核函数的抗差算法计算开销较大的问题,提出了一种基于动态观测权调整的抗差因子图优化算法。该算法构建了动态权函数,依据滑动窗口内的验后残差自适应调整GNSS观测在目标函数中的残差权重系数,不改变残差值本身,从而保持目标函数的二次形式。利用不同载体自采数据与不同环境下的开源数据进行实验验证,结果表明,相较于基于Huber核函数的抗差算法,所提算法的定位结果均方根误差和标准差分别降低了约12%和26%,计算时间缩短约18%,在提高组合导航定位精度的同时优化了计算效率。此外,基于开源数据分析了不同滑动窗口大小对算法抗差性能的影响,结果表明,当滑动窗口设置为30 s时,抗差效果与计算时间达到较好平衡,且所提算法不改变滑动窗口大小对定位精度与计算耗时的影响趋势。
Objectives
2
The integration of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and inertial navigation system (INS) provides continuous positioning services. However
in complex urban environments
GNSS signals are highly susceptible to multipath effects and non-line-of-sight interference
which can severely degrade the positioning accuracy of integrated navigation systems. Traditional factor graph optimization methods with fixed weights struggle to accommodate the dynamic variability of GNSS measurement noise covariance
while robust algorithms employing the Huber kernel function incur significant computational overhead.
Methods
2
A dynamic weight function-based robust factor graph optimization algorithm (FGO) is proposed
which dynamically adjusts the residual weight coefficients of GNSS observations in the objective function based on post-fit residuals within a sliding window. The algorithm preserves the quadratic form of the objective function by avoiding nonlinear transformations of residual values
ensuring computational efficiency and adaptability to varying observation quality. To process open-source data with the proposed robust algorithm
sliding windows of 10 s
30 s
and 50 s are utilized. The robust performance of the proposed algorithm under different sliding window sizes is analyzed.
Results
2
Compared to the inclusion of the Huber kernel function
the inclusion of the dynamic weight function adjustment mechanism improves the average positioning error standard deviation and positioning root mean square error by 26% and 12%
respectively. When the sliding window is set to 30 s
a satisfactory equilibrium between robustness and computation time can be attained.
Conclusions
2
Experimental results show that:(1) compared to FGO with the addition of Huber kernel function
the dynamic weight function adjustment can effectively reduce the influence of GNSS outliers
and has higher positioning accuracy and robustness. (2) The proposed robust algorithm does not change the trend of the sliding window size on localization and time consumption.
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