1.中国地质大学(武汉)国家地理信息系统工程技术研究中心,湖北 武汉,430074
2.中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院,湖南 长沙,410083
许磊,博士,副教授,研究方向为时空预测。xulei10@cug.edu.cn
陈能成,博士,教授。chennengcheng@cug.edu.cn
收稿:2025-02-18,
纸质出版:2026-05-05
移动端阅览
许磊,陈能成,邓敏.数智耦合地学时空预测建模研究进展及展望[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(5):869-887.
XU Lei,CHEN Nengcheng,DENG Min.Research Progress and Prospects of Data-Knowledge Coupled Spatiotemporal Prediction Modeling in Geosciences[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(5):869-887.
许磊,陈能成,邓敏.数智耦合地学时空预测建模研究进展及展望[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(5):869-887. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20240483
XU Lei,CHEN Nengcheng,DENG Min.Research Progress and Prospects of Data-Knowledge Coupled Spatiotemporal Prediction Modeling in Geosciences[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(5):869-887. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20240483
地学时空预测是地球系统科学的重要研究问题,针对地学时空过程开展时空多尺度的未来演变预测。随着大数据、人工智能和地球科学的发展,地学时空预测从模型驱动的研究范式发展为数据驱动,进而发展为数据-知识联合驱动(数智耦合)的研究范式。首先回顾了地球系统科学时空预测模型的发展,包括统计、物理、人工智能、数智耦合模型及其局限性,其次阐述了数智耦合的基本概念、数智耦合框架、数智耦合关键技术,进一步探讨了数智耦合时空预测建模目前面临的重要挑战,包括数智耦合时空预测的逻辑深度、地学过程数智精准表征能力、数智耦合时空预测的专业壁垒,最后展望了数智耦合时空预测的未来发展方向,包括大模型时代的数智耦合、数智耦合时空预测的通用性和数智耦合时空预测的智能性,为地球科学领域数智耦合时空预测范式的发展提供较为全面的认知思路。
Objectives
2
Spatiotemporal prediction plays a crucial role in Earth system science
focusing on forecasting the multiscale future evolution of geospatial processes. With the development of big data
artificial intelligence (AI)
and Earth science
spatiotemporal prediction has transitioned from a model-driven approach to a data-driven paradigm and
ultimately
to a data-knowledge coupled paradigm. We review the development of spatiotemporal prediction models
including statistical
physical
AI
and data-knowledge coupled models
while analyzing their limitations and challenges. We aim to review current progress of data-knowledge coupled spatiotemporal prediction modeling in geosciences
highlight the important challenges and provide insights on future development.
Methods
2
We provide a systematic review of the evolution of spatiotemporal prediction models in Earth system science
with particular emphasis on the transition from statistical
physical
and AI-based models to data-knowledge coupled models. We further elaborate on the basic concepts
theoretical framework
and key technologies involved in data-knowledge coupling.
Results
2
(1) We propose a four-in-one data-knowledge coupled spatiotemporal prediction framework of “data empowerment
knowledge guidance
joint drive
and intelligent computing solutions”. (2) The review identifies the limitations of traditional spatiotemporal prediction models and emphasizes the advantages of data-knowledge coupled models that integrate both data-driven and knowledge-driven approaches. Key challenges in this field include the logical depth of data-knowledge coupling
the accurate representation of geoscientific processes
and overcoming professional barriers in spatiotemporal prediction modeling. (3) We highlight three promising development directions of spatiotemporal prediction in geosciences
including the data-knowledge coupling in the era of large models
the universality of data-knowledge coupled spatiotemporal prediction models
the intelligence of data-knowledge coupled spatiotemporal prediction models.
Conclusions
2
Data-knowledge coupled spatiotemporal prediction models offer significant potential for advancing Earth sciences by enhancing prediction accuracy
interpretability
and robustness. In the future
the development of data- knowledge coupled geoscience spatiotemporal prediction will be more versatile and intelligent
with self-learning
self-evolution
self-adaptation
and self-generation capabilities
forming a highly intelligent prediction system that will demonstrate excellent adaptability and versatility in multiple fields
tasks
and scenarios.
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