西南交通大学地球科学与工程学院,四川 成都,611756
谢亚坤,博士,副教授,研究方向为灾害信息智能感知与数字孪生建模。yakunxie@163.com
朱军, 博士,教授。zhujun@swjtu.edu.cn
收稿:2024-11-20,
纸质出版:2025-06-05
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谢亚坤,陈铭臻,赵耀纪,等.顾及小目标特征的无人机影像人员检测方法[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2025,50(6):1077-1087.
XIE Yakun,CHEN Mingzhen,ZHAO Yaoji,et al.A Person Detection Method for UAV Imagery Considering Small Object Features[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2025,50(6):1077-1087.
谢亚坤,陈铭臻,赵耀纪,等.顾及小目标特征的无人机影像人员检测方法[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2025,50(6):1077-1087. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20240368
XIE Yakun,CHEN Mingzhen,ZHAO Yaoji,et al.A Person Detection Method for UAV Imagery Considering Small Object Features[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2025,50(6):1077-1087. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20240368
利用无人机影像进行人员检测在应急救援与社会安全中具有重要意义,然而无人机影像中的人员目标较小且背景复杂,导致人员检测精度较低。为解决这一问题,提出了一种顾及小目标特征的无人机影像人员检测网络。首先,在特征提取阶段使用空间深度转换卷积代替下采样层,减少特征提取过程中的小目标特征丢失;然后,设计选择性特征融合模块,以深层特征权重引导获取浅层特征图中的重点区域,减轻低层特征中的背景噪声干扰;最后,建立上下文感知模块,综合多类型上下文信息,提高网络对于小目标人员的判别能力。为验证方法的有效性,在公开数据集上进行实验分析,结果表明,所提方法的平均准确率为68.9%,准确率为75.5%,召回率为67.7%,相较于经典的目标检测算法分别提升了3.1%~29.5%、0.9%~8.6%、1.0%~57.9%,表明所提方法具有较高的精度。此外,通过对不同场景、不同天气下的无人机影像进行测试,进一步证明了所提方法的泛化性与适用性。
Objectives
2
The rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing technology is leading to an increased role for devices in the emergency search and rescue operations and the law enforcement tracking. The unique advantages of UAV include rapid response
wide-area coverage
and panoramic view. The utilization of UAV imagery for person detection is of paramount importance in the context of emergency rescue and social security. However
due to the small and complex background of person in UAV imagery
the high-precision person detection task still presents a significant challenge.
Methods
2
To address the aforementioned issue
a person detection network for UAV imagery is proposed. First
the proposed network employs a spatial depth-transformed convolution in lieu of a down sampling layer in the feature extraction stage. This approach ensures the retention of all information in the channel dimensions
preventing information loss and facilitating the preservation of small object features throughout the feature extraction process. Then
a selective feature fusion module is designed to address the issue of noise interference. This module employs high-level features as weights to guide the crucial information in low-level features
thereby mitigating the impact of background noise on the latter. Furthermore
it facilitates a more comprehensive integration of the semantic information of high-level features and the detailed information of low-level features. This integration significantly enhances the capacity of network to distinguish between background and foreground information in UAV images. Finally
a context-aware module is designed to address the issue of limited feature information associated with small objects. This module integrates environmental information surrounding the object
including local features
contextual information
and global context
thus enhancing the contextual features of small objects and improving the final object detection accuracy.
Results
2
To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method
case experiment analysis is conducted on public datasets. The proposed method achieves mean average precision (mAP) of 68.9%
with precision of 75.5% and recall of 67.7%. Compared to the conventional object detection algorithms
the proposed method shows improvements ranging from 3.1% to 29.5% in mAP
from 0.9% to 8.6% in precision
and from 1.0% to 57.9% in recall. The results indicate that the proposed method exhibits a high level of accuracy. Additionally
the generalization and applicability are confirmed through testing on UAV images in various scenarios and under different weather conditions.
Conclusions
2
The proposed method can effectively solve the challenge of detecting small persons in UAV images and significantly improve the detection accuracy. It has a wide range of application prospects in the fields of emergency rescue and social security
and possesses good generalization ability for UAV image detection tasks in different environments.
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