1.河海大学地球科学与工程学院,江苏 南京,211100
2.中国测绘科学研究院,北京,100036
3.测绘科学与地球空间信息技术自然资源部重点实验室,北京,100036
4.南京工业大学测绘科学与技术学院,江苏 南京,211800
程茂原,博士生,主要从事GNSS导航定位及其应用研究。cc_kyrie@163.com
何丽娜,博士,副教授。hlnyh@foxmail.com
收稿:2025-07-30,
纸质出版:2026-05-05
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程茂原,何丽娜,王虎,等.利用改进抗差模型固定低成本接收机PPP模糊度[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(5):965-978.
CHENG Maoyuan,HE Li'na,WANG Hu,et al.Fixing PPP Ambiguity for Low-Cost Receivers with an Improved Robust Model[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(5):965-978.
程茂原,何丽娜,王虎,等.利用改进抗差模型固定低成本接收机PPP模糊度[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(5):965-978. DOI:,10.13203/j.whugis20240280
CHENG Maoyuan,HE Li'na,WANG Hu,et al.Fixing PPP Ambiguity for Low-Cost Receivers with an Improved Robust Model[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(5):965-978. DOI:,10.13203/j.whugis20240280
低成本接收机观测数据的质量通常较低,主要表现为观测值中粗差发生率较高以及周跳发生频繁等,导致精密单点定位(precise point positioning
PPP)模糊度固定困难且在定位过程中常出现重复收敛现象。针对这一问题,在经典测量与地球物理研究所(Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics
IGG)Ⅲ抗差模型的基础上,通过卡尔曼滤波验后残差进一步分析观测值质量并结合周跳信息识别异常值,提出一种改进IGGⅢ抗差模型。采用低成本司南导航接收机采集不同场景下的静态数据,利用改进模型进行PPP部分模糊度固定,结果表明,与经典模型相比,开阔环境中全球定位系统(global positioning system
GPS)和北斗卫星导航系统(BeiDou satellite navigation system
BDS)单系统PPP定位精度在东(east
E)、北(north
N)方向上分别改进了16.81%、38.33%和5.61%、1.39%,GPS+BDS双系统PPP定位精度在E、N方向上分别改进了11.46%、35.75%。遮挡环境中,GPS单系统PPP在E、N、天(up
U)方向的定位精度分别改进了11.23%、2.65%、23.14%,BDS单系统PPP在E、N、U方向的定位精度分别改进了14.96%、12.35%、5.76%,GPS+BDS双系统PPP定位精度在E、N、U方向上分别改进了12.52%、21.15%、8.21%。同时,在遮挡环境下,改进模型改进了收敛特性,GPS+BDS双系统模糊度首次固定时间缩短了26.05%,模糊度固定率较经典模型也提升了13.61%,但在开阔环境中改进抗差模型对于模糊度收敛特性并无明显改善。
Objectives
2
Due to the generally lower quality of observation data from low-cost receivers
primarily characterized by a high occurrence rate of gross errors and frequent cycle slips in the measurements
fixing ambiguities for precise point positioning (PPP) is difficult. Furthermore
the positioning process often experiences repeated reconvergence. To improve the positioning accuracy and convergence speed of low-cost global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers
an improved IGG (Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics) Ⅲ robust model is proposed.
Methods
2
The observation data quality of two low-cost GNSS receivers is analyzed in detail
and the SinoGNSS receiver is selected as the research object accordingly. An improved IGG Ⅲ robust model suitable for low-cost receivers is developed based on the classical IGG Ⅲ robust model. The proposed model uses Kalman filtering post-fit residuals to further analyze the quality of observations involved in the solution
and combines cycle slip identification results for outlier identification. PPP with ambiguity resolution (PPP-AR) experiments are performed with static data collected by the SinoGNSS receiver in different observation environments
and the model's improved performance is analyzed in terms of positioning accuracy and convergence characteristics.
Results
2
Experimental verification confirms that the improved IGG Ⅲ robust model significantly enhances horizontal positioning accuracy in open-sky environments. Compared with the classical model
it achieves notable accuracy gains for single-system PPP-AR: The positioning accuracy in the east and north directions is increased by 16.81% and 38.33% respectively for global positioning system (GPS) single-system PPP-AR
by 5.61% and 1.39% respectively for BeiDou satellite navigation system (BDS) single-system PPP-AR
and by 11.46% and 35.75% respectively for GPS+BDS dual-system PPP-AR. In occluded environments
the improved IGG Ⅲ robust model also achieves significant positioning accuracy gains over the classical model. For single-system and dual-system PPP-AR
the positioning accuracy in the east
north
and up directions is increased as follows: by 11.23%
2.65%
and 23.14% for GPS single-system PPP-AR
by 14.96%
12.35%
and 5.76% for BDS single-system PPP-AR
and by 12.52%
21.15%
and 8.21% for GPS+BDS dual-system PPP-AR
respectively.
Conclusions
2
The improved IGG Ⅲ robust model outperforms the classical model in positioning accuracy and ambiguity resolution performance. It delivers reliable performance in both open-sky and occluded environments
and significantly enhances the robustness of single-system and dual-system PPP-AR solutions. Its convergence performance is comparable to the classical model in open-sky environments
while exhibiting notable advantages in occluded environments.
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