中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏 徐州,221116
黄扬金,硕士,研究方向为GNSS坐标序列处理技术。huangyangjin.01@foxmail.com
常国宾,博士,教授。guobinchang@hotmail.com
收稿:2024-09-28,
纸质出版:2026-05-05
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黄扬金,常国宾,宦越洋.长期GNSS坐标序列有色噪声建模及其影响[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(5):955-964.
HUANG Yangjin,CHANG Guobin,HUAN Yueyang.Modeling of Colored Noise in Long-Term GNSS Coordinate Series and Impact[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(5):955-964.
黄扬金,常国宾,宦越洋.长期GNSS坐标序列有色噪声建模及其影响[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(5):955-964. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20240149
HUANG Yangjin,CHANG Guobin,HUAN Yueyang.Modeling of Colored Noise in Long-Term GNSS Coordinate Series and Impact[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(5):955-964. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20240149
全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system
GNSS)坐标序列数据中包含的有色噪声对GNSS坐标序列模型分析、特别是速度分析具有重要价值。已有研究主要关注10~15 a的中短期坐标序列的有色噪声建模,较少关注坐标序列经过长期积累后对有色噪声建模的变化。针对近30年来美国加州地区26个国际GNSS服务基准站的78个坐标序列,运用极大似然估计法进行噪声模型参数估计,比较了8种常用的噪声模型,包括白噪声(white noise,WN)、闪烁噪声、幂律噪声(powerlaw noise
PL)、随机漫步噪声(random walk noise
RWN)、广义高斯-马尔可夫噪声,并采用赤池信息量准则进行优选。实验结果表明,在东(E)、北(N)和天(U)方向上,以WN+PL+RWN为最优模型的比例分别为42.3%、61.5%和57.7%,以WN+PL为对照模型进行速度不确定度(标准差)估计,发现最优模型的速度不确定度平均值在E、N和U方向上分别是对照模型的5.0倍、5.2倍和4.0倍。研究表明,采用不同的噪声模型时速度不确定度参数的估计结果相差较大,为合理、客观地表征速度估计的不确定性,建议在实际应用中进行精细的有色噪声建模分析;16 a以上GNSS坐标序列大多具备探测RWN的潜力,不含RWN的模型对速度不确定度存在较明显的精度高估现象,因此在长期的GNSS坐标序列数据中,RWN的影响不容忽视。
Objectives
2
The presence of colored noise in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) coordinate time series data holds significant value for the analysis of GNSS coordinate models
particularly in velocity analysis. In the previous studies
the researchers focused on modeling colored noise in the short to medium-term coordinate series of 10⁃15 years
paying less attention to the variation of long-term accumulation of coordinate series on colored noise modeling.
Methods
2
Therefore
we investigated 78 coordinate series from 26 international GNSS service (IGS) stations in California
USA
over a period of nearly 30 years. We employed the maximum likelihood estimation method to estimate the parameters of noise models
comparing eight commonly-used models including white noise (WN)
flicker noise
power-law noise (PL)
random walk noise (RWN)
and generalized Gauss-Markov noise. And Akaike information criterion is applied to select the optimal model among the alternative models.
Results
2
The results indicate that among the selected IGS reference stations
42.3% of the series exhibit WN+PL+RWN as the optimal model in the east (E) direction
while this proportion is 61.5% and 57.7% in the north (N) direction and up (U) direction
respectively. Then the velocity uncertainty (standard deviation) estimation is performed between the optimal model and the control model of WN+PL. We find that the average velocity uncertainty of the preferred model is 5.0 times higher than the control model in the E direction
5.2 times higher in the N direction
and 4.0 times higher in the U direction.
Conclusions
2
This paper demonstrates that the choice of noise models has a significant impact on the estimation of velocity uncertainty parameters
and the results vary apparently when different noise models are used. In order to accurately and objectively represent the uncertainty of velocity estimates
it is advisable to carry out meticulous analysis of colored noise modeling in practical applications. Additionally
most of GNSS coordinate series with a duration of over 16 years have the potential to detect RWN
and the models without RWN tend to significantly overestimate velocity uncertainty. Hence
the impact of RWN in long-term GNSS coordinate series data cannot be disregarded.
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