1.西北大学城市与环境学院,陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室,陕西 西安,710127
2.旱区生态水文与灾害防治国家林业和草原局重点实验室,陕西 西安,710048
3.北京师范大学未来技术学院,广东 珠海,519087
4.北大荒集团黑龙江鹤山农场有限公司,黑龙江 黑河,161443
李珊珊,硕士生,研究方向为土壤侵蚀空间分异。lishanshan2@stumail.nwu.edu.cn
王春梅,教授。cmwang@nwu.edu.cn
收稿:2024-01-08,
纸质出版:2026-02-05
移动端阅览
李珊珊,王春梅,唐杰,等.东北黑土区典型小流域浅沟向切沟发育及其地形临界研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(2):345-356.
LI Shanshan,WANG Chunmei,TANG Jie,et al.Development Processes from Ephemeral to Permanent Gullies and Their Critical Terrain Thresholds in a Typical Watershed of the Mollisol Region, Northeast China[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(2):345-356.
李珊珊,王春梅,唐杰,等.东北黑土区典型小流域浅沟向切沟发育及其地形临界研究[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2026,51(2):345-356. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20230493
LI Shanshan,WANG Chunmei,TANG Jie,et al.Development Processes from Ephemeral to Permanent Gullies and Their Critical Terrain Thresholds in a Typical Watershed of the Mollisol Region, Northeast China[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2026,51(2):345-356. DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20230493
浅沟和切沟是黑土区主要的侵蚀沟类型。侵蚀沟治理目前以被动治理切沟为主,常忽视浅沟向切沟发育的主动预防,对切沟发育动态过程认识水平不足。以黑龙江省嫩江市鹤北小流域为研究区,基于高分辨率遥感影像和野外实地测量,研究2011—2022年浅沟向切沟发育的动态规律及其发生的地形临界阈值。结果表明:(1)2011—2022年研究区有大量浅沟发育为切沟,占2011年浅沟总长度的23.7%,2022年切沟总长度约50%是由浅沟发育而来,变化速率为16.6 m/(km
2
·a);(2)浅沟发育为切沟主要呈间断性分布在流域各子流域沟掌地下游及左右岸坡中下部,少数分布在主沟道两侧;(3)浅沟发育为切沟的地形临界阈值模型为
S
≥0.421
A
-0.252
,模型准确率为72.7%。研究结果丰富了黑土区侵蚀沟发育规律认识,为东北黑土区浅沟向切沟转化风险识别与切沟防治提供了理论依据。
Objectives
2
Gully erosion has become a critical issue in the mollisol region of Northeast China
severely degrading black soil resources and threatening national food security. Ephemeral and permanent gullies are the main erosion gullies in this region. Current gully control strategies mainly focus on treating permanent gullies
while insufficient attention has been paid to preventing the transformation of ephemeral gullies into permanent gullies
largely due to a limited quantitative understanding of this process. This research aims to offer a quantitative analysis of the development of ephemeral gullies into permanent gullies in recent years within a typical watershed in the mollisol region of Northeast China.
Methods
2
The Hebei watershed in Nenjiang County
Heilongjiang Province
with an area of 28.02 km²
was selected as the study area. Morphological parameters of ephemeral and permanent gullies from 2011 to 2022 were extracted through visual interpretation of high resolution satellite images and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery. The interpretation accuracy was validated using field measurement data obtained by global navigation satellite system real-time kinematic surveys. Slope and drainage area were derived from a 1 m resolution digital elevation model generated from UAV imagery. Slope and drainage area data were plotted on a double logarithmic coordinate system to construct a slope-area critical terrain threshold model for gully transformation.
Results
2
From the analysis of the phenomenon of ephemeral gullies developing into permanent gullies
the development rate
distribution of vulnerable areas
and critical terrain parameters were acquired. The results showed that: (1) From 2011 to 2022
a large number of ephemeral gullies in the study area developed into permanent gullies
accounting for 23.7% of the total ephemeral gully length in 2011. By 2022
the number and total length of permanent gullies increased by factors of 5.5 and 5.0
respectively
compared with those in 2011. Approximately 50% of the permanent gullies originated from ephemeral gullies during the study period
with a length change rate of 16.6 m/(km
2
·a); (2) The development of ephemeral gullies into permanent gullies was mainly distributed intermittently in the lower and middle reaches of both banks and in downstream areas of gully heads w
ithin sub-watersheds
with a few occurring along both sides of the main channel; (3) A slope-area critical threshold model for gully transformation was established as
S
≥0.421
A
-0.252
achieving an overall prediction accuracy of 72.7%.
Conclusions
2
High resolution satellite imagery combined with high precision modern surveying and mapping techniques proved effective for identifying and quantifying the transformation of ephemeral gullies into permanent gullies. Ephemeral gullies were rapidly developing into permanent gullies in the Hebei watershed in the mollisol region of Northeast China. The proposed critical terrain threshold model can effectively predict areas vulnerable to gully transformation. Further research incorporating additional controlling factors and different erosion environments is needed to improve the accuracy and applicability of the model.
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