1.中石油煤层气有限责任公司韩城分公司
2.宝石电气设备有限责任公司
3.西南石油大学机电工程学院
詹先波,中级工程师,1988年7月出生,2011年毕业于西安石油大学油气储运工程专业,现从事地面工程及工艺研究,陕西省韩城市金城区神谷酒店。
王津,副教授,email:jinwang@swpu.edu.cn
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詹先波,王波,张文英,等.基于共直流母线与超级电容的抽油机能量互馈系统研究[J].石油机械,XXXX,XX(XX):1-7.
Zhan Xianbo,Wang Bo,Zhang Wenying,et al.Research on an energy inter-feeding system based on common dc bus and supercapacitor for pumping units[J].China Petroleum Machinery,XXXX,XX(XX):1-7.
詹先波,王波,张文英,等.基于共直流母线与超级电容的抽油机能量互馈系统研究[J].石油机械,XXXX,XX(XX):1-7. DOI: 10.12473/CPM.202605078.
Zhan Xianbo,Wang Bo,Zhang Wenying,et al.Research on an energy inter-feeding system based on common dc bus and supercapacitor for pumping units[J].China Petroleum Machinery,XXXX,XX(XX):1-7. DOI: 10.12473/CPM.202605078.
游梁式抽油机在煤层气排水采气中应用广泛,受四连杆机构运动特性及井下载荷非恒定性影响,驱动电机每冲次内呈现电动—发电—电动循环,下行程产生的再生制动能量造成能量浪费,并降低电网供电质量与电机功率因数,恶化电网供电质量。针对该问题,本文提出一种基于共直流母线与超级电容的能量互馈系统,实现高效的能量回收与再利用。首先构建了以共直流母线为核心的电能分配拓扑,将多口油井的驱动系统并联,实现井间能量的直接互馈与平衡;并设计了以超级电容为储能单元、双向DC-DC变换器为接口的能量管理子系统,以直流母线电压为控制目标,在电压越限时快速切换充放电模式,平抑母线电压波动。其次,基于扭矩-功率关系及现场工况建立电机功率特性模型,通过仿真实验确定了8型抽油机单次倒发电功率约6 kW,据此完成了超级电容组容量1.5 F、耐压720 V的选型设计。以韩城煤层气区块某井场开展工业性试验,结果表明:接入双向DC-DC模块后,直流母线电压波动由600~680 V缩至600~630 V,稳压效果显著;超级电容单次下行程最大储能量达73 631 J,存储能量在后续上行程释放辅助驱动。节能方面,8型、6型和5型抽油机日耗电量分别降低13%、8.7%和5%,机型越大节能效果越显著。因此,基于共直流母线与超级电容的能量互馈系统有效抑制了再生制动能量对电网的冲击,为煤层气井场抽油机节能降耗提供了可行方案。
Beam pumping units are widely used in coalbed methane drainage and gas recovery. Due to the kinematic characteristics of the four-bar linkage mechanism and the non-constant downhole load, the driving motor undergoes a motoring-generating-motoring cycle within each stroke. The regenerative braking energy generated during the downstroke causes energy waste, reduces the power factor of the motor, and degrades the power supply quality of the grid. To address this issue, this paper proposes an energy inter-feeding system based on a common DC bus and supercapacitors to achieve efficient energy recovery and reuse. First, a power distribution topology centered on a common DC bus was constructed, connecting the drive systems of multiple wells in parallel to realize direct inter-well energy inter-feeding and balance. An energy management subsystem was also designed, utilizing supercapacitors as the energy storage unit and a bidirectional DC-DC converter as the interface. Taking the DC bus voltage as the control target, the system rapidly switches between charging and discharging modes when the voltage exceeds the limits, thereby suppressing bus voltage fluctuations. Second, a motor power characteristic model was established based on the torque-power relationship and field conditions. Simulation experiments determined that the peak regenerative power of a Type 8 pumping unit during a single downstroke is approximately 6 kW, based on which a supercapacitor bank with a capacity of 1.5 F and a rated voltage of 720 V was selected. Industrial field tests were conducted at a well site in the Hancheng Coalbed Methane Block. The results show that after integrating the bidirectional DC-DC module, the DC bus voltage fluctuation was reduced from 600–680 V to 600–630 V, demonstrating a significant voltage stabilization effect. The supercapacitors achieved a maximum energy storage of 73,631 J during a single downstroke, and the stored energy was released during the subsequent upstroke to assist in driving. In terms of energy savings, the daily power consumption of Type 8, Type 6, and Type 5 pumping units decreased by 13%, 8.7%, and 5%, respectively, indicating that larger unit types yield more significant energy-saving effects. Therefore, the proposed energy inter-feeding system based on a common DC bus and supercapacitors effectively mitigates the impact of regenerative braking energy on the power grid, providing a feasible solution for energy conservation and consumption reduction in coalbed methane well sites.
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