1.北京工业大学建筑工程学院 2.中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与工程全国重点实验室
2.中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区
3.China University of Petroleum(Beijing) at Karamay
席岩,副教授,生于1985年,2019年毕业于中国石油大学(北京)油气井工程专业,获博士学位,现从事井筒完整性方面的研究工作。地址:(100124)北京市朝阳区。email:xiyan@bjut.edu.cn。
李军,教授。email:lijun446@vip.163.com。
收稿:2025-07-27,
修回:2026-04-05,
录用:2025-10-14,
纸质出版:2026-10-25
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席岩,宁惠令,李军,等.利用低熔点合金层提高井筒密封完整性数值模拟研究[J].石油机械,2026,54(10):90-100.
Xi Yan,Ning Huiling,Li Jun,et al.Numerical simulation study on low-melting-point alloy layer to improve wellbore sealing integrity[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2026,54(10):90-100.
席岩,宁惠令,李军,等.利用低熔点合金层提高井筒密封完整性数值模拟研究[J].石油机械,2026,54(10):90-100. DOI: 10.12473/CPM.202507082.
Xi Yan,Ning Huiling,Li Jun,et al.Numerical simulation study on low-melting-point alloy layer to improve wellbore sealing integrity[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2026,54(10):90-100. DOI: 10.12473/CPM.202507082.
页岩气井多级压裂或者储气库循环注采过程中,套管内载荷的交替变化是井筒产生微环隙,进而导致环空带压的主要原因。针对此,提出了在套管外部采用低熔点合金增加柔性层的思路,基于水泥石损伤理论建立了套管-合金层-水泥环-地层数值模型;考虑实际工程中的循环加卸载条件,计算了套管-合金层、合金层-水泥环界面处累积塑性应变,展示了其发展规律,量化了微环隙宽度的变化规律;研究了合金层厚度、井筒开次对微环隙产生与发展的影响规律。研究结果表明:在套管外部增加低熔点合金层后,套管-合金层、合金层-水泥环界面处产生的累积塑性应变显著小于常规井筒套管-水泥环界面处的累积塑性应变,有利于井筒密封完整性的保护;相同开次下,随着合金层厚度的增大,套管-合金层及合金层-水泥环界面的微环隙宽度显著减小;在同等厚度的合金层下,随着井深和井筒开次的增加,套管-合金层及合金层-水泥环界面的微环隙宽度不断增大。将覆有低熔点合金层的套管设置在井筒浅部地层,有利于建立井屏障,进而降低环空带压的风险。研究结果可为低熔点合金新材料在井筒密封完整性的应用及井屏障的建立方面提供理论支撑。
The alternating change of load in casing during multi-stage fracturing of shale gas wells or cyclic injection and production in gas storages is the main cause for the generation of micro-annulus in the wellbore, which in turn leads to sustained casing pressure (SCP). To address this issue, a novel approach was proposed to add a flexible layer of low-melting-point alloy on the external surface of the casing. Based on the cement damage theory, a casing-alloy layer-cement sheath-formation numerical model was established. Considering the cyclic loading and unloading conditions in actual engineering operations, the cumulative plastic strain at the casing-alloy layer or alloy layer-cement sheath interface was calculated, and its evolution was demonstrated; also, the variation of micro-annulus width was quantified. Furthermore, the effects of alloy layer thickness and well spudding cycle on the generation and growth of micro-annulus were identified. The results show that adding a low-melting-point alloy layer on the external surface of the casing allows the cumulative plastic strain at the casing-alloy layer or alloy layer-cement sheath interface to be much smaller than that at the casing-cement sheath interface in conventional wellbores, which is beneficial for protecting wellbore sealing integrity. Under the same spudding cycle, as the alloy layer thickness increases, the micro-annulus width at the casing-alloy layer and alloy layer-cement sheath interfaces decreases significantly. Under the same alloy layer thickness, as well depth and spudding cycles increase, the micro-annulus width at these interfaces continuously increases. Placing the casing with a low-melting-point alloy layer in shallow formations helps establish a well barrier and thereby reduces the risk of SCP. These findings provide theoretical support for the application of low-melting-point alloy as a new material in ensuring wellbore sealing integrity and establishing well barrier.
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