1.中国石油集团青海油田油气工艺研究院
2.中石油江汉机械研究所有限公司
刘彦平,高级工程师,生于1972年,2012年毕业于常州大学石油工程专业,现从事井下工具研发、连续管冲砂作业、油田开发等方面的研究工作。地址:(736200)甘肃省酒泉市。email:liuyapqhjx@petrochina.com.cn。
祝叶,工程师。email:zhuyedr@cnpc.com.cn。
收稿:2025-06-04,
修回:2026-06-18,
录用:2026-06-30,
纸质出版:2026-10-25
移动端阅览
刘彦平,祝叶,廖丽,等.长水平段连续管动态冲砂工具及试验研究[J].石油机械,2026,54(10):20-28.
Liu Yanping,Zhu Ye,Liao Li,et al.Design and experimental study on CT-conveyed dynamic sand-washing tool for long horizontal sections[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2026,54(10):20-28.
刘彦平,祝叶,廖丽,等.长水平段连续管动态冲砂工具及试验研究[J].石油机械,2026,54(10):20-28. DOI: 10.12473/CPM.202506008.
Liu Yanping,Zhu Ye,Liao Li,et al.Design and experimental study on CT-conveyed dynamic sand-washing tool for long horizontal sections[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2026,54(10):20-28. DOI: 10.12473/CPM.202506008.
长水平段井筒冲砂作业普遍面临井眼轨迹复杂、管柱摩阻高、携砂液漏失严重及砂粒易二次沉降等技术难题,导致常规工艺冲砂效率低、清洗不彻底,易引发砂卡、砂堵等井下复杂情况,严重制约深层水平井修井作业效率与施工安全。针对上述瓶颈问题,基于流体力学理论与液-固两相流机理,研发高效动态冲砂技术,旨在提升长水平段井筒冲砂效果与作业可靠性。研究以涡流冲洗工具为核心装备,通过多喷嘴角度布局优化与结构参数精细化设计,构建高强度扰动涡旋场,显著增强冲砂液对沉积砂粒的悬浮、扰动及携砂能力。采用数值计算与室内试验相结合的方法,系统分析不同井斜角、排量及工艺参数下的动态冲砂作业性能,优选出适配深层水平井的工具结构与作业参数。研究结果表明,在7 000 m井深条件下,当量直径6 mm、9喷嘴(3底6侧)的工具结构表现最优,冲砂效率较常规工艺提升3~5倍,在井斜角90°的水平段冲砂效果最为突出。现场应用结果显示,该技术可有效降低井下风险,作业周期缩短60%以上,井筒清洗更彻底,解决了深层长水平段冲砂作业的关键技术难题。该技术突破了传统冲砂工艺的局限,形成了一套高效、安全的动态冲砂技术体系,可为深层水平井及复杂结构井修井作业提供可靠技术支撑,对提升油气井生产保障能力具有重要应用价值。
Sand-washing operations in long horizontal sections are generally challenged by complex wellbore trajectories, high pipe-string friction, severe loss of sand-carrying fluid, and easy re-sedimentation of sand particles. These problems lead to low efficiency and incomplete cleaning in conventional processes, and readily cause downhole complexities such as sand sticking and sand plugging, which seriously restrict the workover efficiency and operational safety of deep horizontal wells. To address these bottlenecks, an efficient dynamic sand-washing technology was developed based on fluid dynamics theory and liquid-solid two-phase flow mechanisms, aiming to improve the sand-washing effect and operational reliability in long horizontal sections. The vortex washing tool was adopted as the core equipment, and through multi-nozzle angle layout optimization and refined design of structural parameters, a high-intensity disturbed vortex field was established, significantly enhancing the capacity of the washing fluid to suspend, disturb, and carry sand particles. A combination of numerical simulation and laboratory testing was used to systematically analyze the dynamic sand-washing performance under different hole inclination angles, flow rates, and process parameters. Finally, the optimal tool structure and operating parameters suitable for deep horizontal wells were determined. The results show that at a well depth of 7,000 m, the tool with an equivalent diameter of 6 mm and 9 nozzles (3 bottom nozzles and 6 side nozzles) exhibits the best performance, with the sand-washing efficiency 3-5 times of conventional processes, especially in the horizontal section with an inclination angle of 90°. Field application results demonstrate that this technology effectively reduces downhole risks, shortens the operation cycle by more than 60%, and provides more thorough wellbore cleaning, thus solving the key technical problems of sand washing in deep long horizontal sections. This technology breaks through the limitations of conventional sand-washing processes and forms an efficient and safe dynamic sand-washing system, which provides reliable technical support for workover operations in deep horizontal wells and complex-structure wells, and has great significance for ensuring the productivity of oil and gas wells.
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