以呼伦湖和乌梁素海为研究区,构建适用于北方典型内陆湖泊的有害藻类光谱监测指数,实现了内陆湖泊有害藻类监测和预警。通过分析Landsat8遥感影像湖泊湿地植被与藻华的光谱特征,提出了综合修正漂浮藻类指数(CMFAI)。利用CMFAI对呼伦湖有害藻类进行提取和监测;利用Albedo、NDWI、EVI与CMFAI构建基于专家经验的决策树模型,对乌梁素海进行藻华和水生植被信息提取。实地观测数据验证以及与Sentinel-2提取结果的交叉验证表明,总体精度均大于90%
CMFAI具有较好的精度、实用性和普适性,可实现内陆湖泊有害藻类的高效自动监测。研究结果表明,乌梁素海有害藻类分布面积较小,无明显变化趋势;但呼伦湖有害藻类爆发频次较高,具有一定的暴发性。
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