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河南大学农学院 省部共建作物逆境适应与改良国家重点实验室,河南 郑州,450046
Received:31 August 2026,
Published:25 October 2026
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张淑芳,王延茜,高锦勤等.转录因子调控植物响应干旱胁迫的功能研究进展及在油菜抗旱遗传改良中的应用[J].中国油料作物学报,2026,48(05):34-52.
ZHANG Shu-fang,WANG Yan-xi,GAO Jin-qin,et al.Advances in functional study of transcription factors regulating plant responses to drought stress and its application in genetic improvement for drought tolerance in rapeseed[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2026,48(05):34-52.
张淑芳,王延茜,高锦勤等.转录因子调控植物响应干旱胁迫的功能研究进展及在油菜抗旱遗传改良中的应用[J].中国油料作物学报,2026,48(05):34-52. DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026291.
ZHANG Shu-fang,WANG Yan-xi,GAO Jin-qin,et al.Advances in functional study of transcription factors regulating plant responses to drought stress and its application in genetic improvement for drought tolerance in rapeseed[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2026,48(05):34-52. DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026291.
干旱胁迫严重制约油菜的生长发育、产量形成与品质稳定。转录因子通过识别靶基因启动子顺式作用元件,激活或抑制下游基因表达,广泛参与脱落酸信号转导、气孔运动、活性氧稳态、渗透调节及表皮屏障建成等过程,是解析油菜抗旱遗传基础与发掘育种靶点的重要切入点。本文以油菜为重点,首先概述干旱胁迫下植物的形态、生理与分子响应机制,明确ABA依赖与非ABA依赖两条信号通路的交叉调控框架;继而系统梳理QTL定位、全基因组关联分析、全基因组家族鉴定、多转录组整合及蛋白质组学等技术在抗旱候选转录因子发掘中的应用,并比较遗传关联、组学关联与功能验证三类证据的效力差异;在此基础上,综述MYB、WRKY、bZIP、NAC、AP2/ERF、bHLH及锌指蛋白等家族的功能研究进展,重点分析各家族在ABA信号、气孔调节、角质层与细胞壁形成及代谢稳态中的功能汇聚与调控分化。现有研究表明,油菜中已有BnaC9.MYB46、BnaMYB52、BnMYB96、BnWRKY255、BnaABI5、BnaABF2、BnaNAC038、BnaNAC069、BnaA6.TINY、BnMYC2、BnaTZF1等成员获得内源遗传学证据,但多数候选基因仍停留在表达关联层面,缺乏直接靶点解析、同源拷贝功能鉴定及田间产量验证。针对油菜异源四倍体A/C亚基因组同源拷贝冗余与功能分化的复杂性,本文提出应优先开展内源功能验证与多拷贝功能解析,系统构建跨家族调控网络,加强翻译后修饰机制研究,并在旱池及多年多点田间条件下评估抗旱—产量—品质的协同效应,为油菜抗旱稳产优质遗传改良提供理论支撑。
Drought stress severely restricts the growth
development
yield formation
and quality stability of rapeseed. Transcription factors play a crucial role in drought resistance by recognizing
cis
-acting elements in target gene promoters and regulating downstream gene expression—either activating or repressing them. They are widely involved in processes such as abscisic acid (ABA) signaling
stomatal movement
reactive oxygen species homeostasis
osmotic adjustment
and epidermal barrier formation
making them key entry points for elucidating the genetic basis of rapeseed drought tolerance and identifying breeding targets. This review focuses on rapeseed
summarizing plant morphological
physiological
and molecular responses to drought stress
and clarifying the cross-regulatory framework between ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signaling pathways. It then systematically reviews the application of techniques—including QTL mapping
genome-wide association studies (GWAS)
whole-genome family identification
multi-omics integration
and proteomics—in discovering candidate transcription factors for drought resistance
comparing the strength of evidence from genetic associations
omics-based associations
and functional validation according to their evidential hierarchy. Based on this foundation
the review summarizes recent advances in functional research on transcription factor families such as MYB
WRKY
bZIP
NAC
AP2/ERF
bHLH
and zinc finger proteins
with particular emphasis on their convergent functions and regulatory diversification in ABA signaling
stomatal regulation
cuticle and cell wall formation
and metabolic homeostasis. Current studies have provided endogenous genetic evidence for several rapeseed genes
including BnaC9.MYB46
BnaMYB52
BnMYB96
BnWRKY255
BnaABI5
BnaABF2
BnaNAC038
BnaNAC069
BnaA6.TINY
BnMYC2
and BnaTZF1. However
most candidate genes remain at the level of expressi
on correlation
lacking direct target identification
functional characterization of homologous copies
and field yield validation. Given the complexity of subgenomic redundancy and functional divergence among homologous copies in the allopolyploid rapeseed A/C subgenomes
this review advocates prioritizing endogenous functional validation and comprehensive analysis of multiple paralogs
systematically constructing inter-family regulatory networks
intensifying research on post-translational modification mechanisms
and evaluating the synergistic effects of drought resistance
yield
and quality under controlled drought conditions and across multiple years and locations. These efforts will provide theoretical support for improving drought tolerance
stable yield
and high-quality traits in rapeseed through genetic enhancement.
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