BGLU gene family analysis and involvement of TGG in glucosinolate catabolism in <italic style="font-style: italic">Brassica napus </italic>L.

ZHU Si-ying; MAO Shu-xiang; HE Chun-jun; LIU Li-li; XIE Feng-wu; WEN Hui-zi; ZHANG Da-wei; YAN Ming-li

doi:10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026067

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

BGLU gene family analysis and involvement of TGG in glucosinolate catabolism in Brassica napus L.

更新时间：2026-10-31

- BGLU gene family analysis and involvement of TGG in glucosinolate catabolism in Brassica napus L.
- Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences Vol. 48, Issue 4, Pages: 104-118(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.湖南科技大学，湖南湘潭，411201
  2.湖南省作物研究所，湖南长沙，410125
  3.岳麓山实验室，湖南长沙，410128
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026067
  CLC： S565.4
- Received：02 March 2026，
  
  Published：25 August 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
朱思颖,毛舒香,贺春军等.甘蓝型油菜BGLU基因家族鉴定及TGG参与硫代葡萄糖苷分解代谢的机制研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2026,48(04):104-118.

ZHU Si-ying,MAO Shu-xiang,HE Chun-jun,et al.BGLU gene family analysis and involvement of TGG in glucosinolate catabolism in Brassica napus L.[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2026,48(04):104-118.
朱思颖,毛舒香,贺春军等.甘蓝型油菜BGLU基因家族鉴定及TGG参与硫代葡萄糖苷分解代谢的机制研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2026,48(04):104-118. DOI： 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026067.

ZHU Si-ying,MAO Shu-xiang,HE Chun-jun,et al.BGLU gene family analysis and involvement of TGG in glucosinolate catabolism in Brassica napus L.[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2026,48(04):104-118. DOI： 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026067.

摘要

本研究利用HMMER 3.0软件在甘蓝型油菜X5A全基因组中筛选鉴定BGLU基因家族成员，并通过NCBI CDD和SMART得到验证；利用ExPASy、TBtools等工具分析

BnaBGLU

的理化性质；利用MEGA、TBtools、MEME、PlantCARE等对

BnaBGLU

进行系统进化树构建、基因染色体定位、基因结构分析、蛋白保守基序分析及其启动子顺式作用元件预测；利用转录组数据分析

BnaBGLU

在镉胁迫、盐胁迫及渍害处理下的表达特征；采用SWISS-MODEL和NetSurfP-3.0进行蛋白质结构预测。本研究在甘蓝型油菜基因组中鉴定到198个β-葡萄糖苷酶基因家族成员，不均匀分布于19条染色体上。系统发育分析将其划分为8个独立亚家族（Clade 1~8），其中负责硫代葡萄糖苷水解的典型黑芥子酶（TGG）特异性地聚集在Clade 6。基因结构分析显示家族成员外显子数量差异显著（1~10个），TGG亚家族成员普遍具有保守的基因结构和基序组成（Motif 1~5），TGG核心序列在多倍体化过程中高度保守。串联重复和片段重复共

同促进了BGLU家族在油菜中的扩张。Ka/Ks分析揭示纯化选择主导家族进化，共线性分析证实了油菜与拟南芥、白菜及甘蓝间TGG基因的保守进化关系。表达谱与启动子分析表明，

TGG

同源基因富含茉莉酸和防御响应元件。综上，本研究揭示了

TGG

基因在异源多倍体背景下的扩张与功能特化模式，为深入理解甘蓝型油菜硫代葡萄糖苷代谢调控及抗逆分子育种奠定了基础。

Abstract

For stress resistance breeding in

Brassica napus

β-glucosidase (BGLU) gene family members were identified across the

B. napus

genome using HMMER 3.0 and validated through NCBI CDD and SMART. The physicochemical properties of

BnaBGLU

s were analyzed using ExPASy and TBtools. Phylogenetic analysis

chromosomal localization

gene structure analysis

conserved motif identification

and promoter

cis

-acting element prediction were performed using MEGA

TBtools

MEME

and PlantCARE

respectively. Expression patterns under cadmium stress

salt stress

and waterlogging were examined using transcriptome data. Protein structures were predicted using SWISS-MODEL and NetSurfP-3.0. Totally 198 BGLU family members were identified distributing unevenly across 19 chromosomes. They were classified into 8 subfamilies (Clade 1-Clade 8) by Phylogenetic analysis. Notably

glucosinolate-hydrolyzing typical myrosinase (TGG) specifically clustered in Clade 6. Gene structure analysis revealed substantial variation in exon numbers (1-10)

yet TGG subfamily members exhibited conserved gene structures and motif compositions (Motif 1-5). TGG core sequences remained highly conserved during polyploidization. Both tandem and segmental duplications contributed to BGLU family expansion. Ka/Ks analysis indicated that purifying selection dominated the family's evolutionary trajectory. Synteny analysis confirmed conserved evolutionary relationships of

TGG

genes among

B. napus

Arabidopsis thaliana

B. rapa

and

B. oleracea

. Expression profiling and promoter analysis revealed that

TGG

homologs are enriched in

methyl jasmonate and defense-responsive cis-regulatory elements. In summary

this study elucidates the expansion and functional specialization patterns of

TGG

genes in an allopolyploid context

which might provide deeper understanding on glucosinolate metabolic regulation.

关键词

Keywords

references

Bones A M ， Rossiter J T . The myrosinase-glucosinolate system， its organisation and biochemistry ［J］. Physiol Plant ， 1996 ， 97 （ 1 ）： 194 - 208 . DOI： 10.1111/j.1399-3054.1996.tb00497.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1996.tb00497.x .

Wittstock U ， Gershenzon J . Constitutive plant toxins and their role in defense against herbivores and pathogens ［J］. Curr Opin Plant Biol ， 2002 ， 5 （ 4 ）： 300 - 307 . DOI： 10.1016/s1369-5266（02）00264-9 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-5266（02）00264-9 .

Hopkins R J ， van Dam N M ， van Loon J J A . Role of glucosinolates in insect-plant relationships and multitrophic interactions ［J］. Annu Rev Entomol ， 2009 ， 54 ： 57 - 83 . DOI： 10.1146/annurev.ento.54.110807.090623 http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ento.54.110807.090623 .

Abuyusuf M ， Rubel M H ， Kim H T ， et al . Glucosinolates and biotic stress tolerance in Brassicaceae with emphasis on cabbage： a review ［J］. Biochem Genet ， 2023 ， 61 （ 2 ）： 451 - 470 . DOI： 10.1007/s10528-022-10269-6 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10528-022-10269-6 .

Fahey J W ， Zalcmann A T ， Talalay P . The chemical diversity and distribution of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates among plants ［J］. Phytochemistry ， 2001 ， 56 （ 1 ）： 5 - 51 . DOI： 10.1016/s0031-9422（00）00316-2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422（00）00316-2 .

Halkier B A ， Gershenzon J . Biology and biochemistry of glucosinolates ［J］. Annu Rev Plant Biol ， 2006 ， 57 ： 303 - 333 . DOI： 10.1146/annurev.arplant.57.032905.105228 http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.57.032905.105228 .

Sønderby I E ， Geu-Flores F ， Halkier B A . Biosynthesis of glucosinolates-gene discovery and beyond ［J］. Trends Plant Sci ， 2010 ， 15 （ 5 ）： 283 - 290 . DOI： 10.1016/j.tplants.2010.02.005 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2010.02.005 .

Xue J P ， Jørgensen M ， Pihlgren U ， et al . The myrosinase gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana ： gene organization， expression and evolution ［J］. Plant Mol Biol ， 1995 ， 27 （ 5 ）： 911 - 922 . DOI： 10.1007/BF00037019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037019 .

Burmeister W P ， Cottaz S ， Driguez H ， et al . The crystal structures of Sinapis alba myrosinase and a covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate provide insights into the substrate recognition and active-site machinery of an S-glycosidase ［J］. Structure ， 1997 ， 5 （ 5 ）： 663 - 676 . DOI： 10.1016/s0969-2126（97）00221-9 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-2126（97）00221-9 .

Andréasson E ， Jørgensen L B ， Höglund A S ， et al . Different myrosinase and idioblast distribution in Arabidopsis and Brassica napus ［J］. Plant Physiol ， 2001 ， 127 （ 4 ）： 1750 - 1763 . DOI： 10.1104/pp.010334 http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.010334 .

Wittstock U ， Burow M . Glucosinolate breakdown in Arabidopsis ： mechanism， regulation and biological significance ［J］. Arab Book ， 2010 ， 8 ： e0134 . DOI： 10.1199/tab.0134 http://dx.doi.org/10.1199/tab.0134 .

Rask L ， Andréasson E ， Ekbom B ， et al . Myrosinase： gene family evolution and herbivore defense in Brassicaceae ［J］. Plant Mol Biol ， 2000 ， 42 （ 1 ）： 93 - 114 . DOI： 10.1023/A： 1006380021658 http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A：1006380021658 .

Sharma S ， Rani H ， Kaur G ， et al . Comprehensive overview of glucosinolates in crucifers： occurrence， roles， metabolism， and transport mechanisms： a review ［J］. Phytochem Rev ， 2025 ， 24 （ 3 ）： 2417 - 2444 . DOI： 10.1007/s11101-024-10021-5 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11101-024-10021-5 .

Chhajed S ， Mostafa I ， He Y ， et al . Glucosinolate biosynthesis and the glucosinolate-myrosinase system in plant defense ［J］. Agronomy ， 2020 ， 10 （ 11 ）： 1786 . DOI： 10.3390/agronomy10111786 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111786 .

Lüthy B ， Matile P . The mustard oil bomb： Rectified analysis of the subcellular organisation of the myrosinase system ［J］. Biochem Und Physiol Der Pflanz ， 1984 ， 179 （ 1/2 ）： 5 - 12 . DOI： 10.1016/s0015-3796（84）80059-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-3796（84）80059-1 .

Ratzka A ， Vogel H ， Kliebenstein D J ， et al . Disarming the mustard oil bomb ［J］. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ， 2002 ， 99 （ 17 ）： 11223 - 11228 . DOI： 10.1073/pnas.172112899 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.172112899 .

Zhang Y ， Talalay P ， Cho C G ， et al . A major inducer of anticarcinogenic protective enzymes from broccoli： isolation and elucidation of structure ［J］. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ， 1992 ， 89 （ 6 ）： 2399 - 2403 . DOI： 10.1073/pnas.89.6.2399 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.89.6.2399 .

Fahey J W ， Haristoy X ， Dolan P M ， et al . Sulforaphane inhibits extracellular， intracellular， and antibiotic-resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori and prevents benzo ［ a ］ pyrene-induced stomach tumors ［J］. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ， 2002 ， 99 （ 11 ）： 7610 - 7615 . DOI： 10.1073/pnas.112203099 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.112203099 .

Xiao D . Allyl isothiocyanate， a constituent of cruciferous vegetables， inhibits proliferation of human prostate cancer cells by causing G2/M arrest and inducing apoptosis ［J］. Carcinogenesis ， 2003 ， 24 （ 5 ）： 891 - 897 . DOI： 10.1093/carcin/bgg023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgg023 .

Bones A ， Rossiter J . The enzymic and chemically induced decomposition of glucosinolates ［J］. Phytochemistry ， 2006 ， 67 （ 11 ）： 1053 - 1067 . DOI： 10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.02.024 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.02.024 .

Aires A ， Mota V R ， Saavedra M J ， et al . The antimicrobial effects of glucosinolates and their respective enzymatic hydrolysis products on bacteria isolated from the human intestinal tract ［J］. J Appl Microbiol ， 2009 ， 106 （ 6 ）： 2086 - 2095 . DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04180.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04180.x .

Tse G ， Eslick G D . Cruciferous vegetables and risk of colorectal neoplasms： a systematic review and meta-analysis ［J］. Nutr Cancer ， 2014 ， 66 （ 1 ）： 128 - 139 . DOI： 10.1080/01635581.2014.852686 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2014.852686 .

Xu Z W ， Escamilla-Treviño L ， Zeng L H ， et al . Functional genomic analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana glycoside hydrolase family 1 ［J］. Plant Mol Biol ， 2004 ， 55 （ 3 ）： 343 - 367 . DOI： 10.1007/s11103-004-0790-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11103-004-0790-1 .

Islam M M ， Tani C ， Watanabe-Sugimoto M ， et al . Myrosinases， TGG1 and TGG2， redundantly function in ABA and MeJA signaling in Arabidopsis Guard cells ［J］. Plant Cell Physiol ， 2009 ， 50 （ 6 ）： 1171 - 1175 . DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcp066 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcp066 .

Oumaima K ， Hossain M S ， Ye W X ， et al . TGG1 and TGG2 mutations impair allyl isothiocyanate-mediated stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana ［J］. Protoplasma ， 2025 ， 262 （ 4 ）： 1023 - 1027 . DOI： 10.1007/s00709-025-02039-z http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00709-025-02039-z .

Barth C ， Jander G . Arabidopsis myrosinases TGG1 and TGG2 have redundant function in glucosinolate breakdown and insect defense ［J］. Plant J ， 2006 ， 46 （ 4 ）： 549 - 562 . DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2006.02716.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313x.2006.02716.x .

Andersson D ， Chakrabarty R ， Bejai S ， et al . Myrosinases from root and leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana have different catalytic properties ［J］. Phytochemistry ， 2009 ， 70 （ 11/12 ）： 1345 - 1354 . DOI： 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.07.036 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.07.036 .

Wang M ， Sun X P ， Tan D G ， et al . The two non-functional myrosinase genes TGG3 and TGG6 in Arabidopsis are expressed predominantly in pollen ［J］. Plant Sci ， 2009 ， 177 （ 4 ）： 371 - 375 . DOI： 10.1016/j.plantsci.2009.06.003 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2009.06.003 .

Bednarek P ， Piślewska-Bednarek M ， Svatoš A ， et al . A glucosinolate metabolism pathway in living plant cells mediates broad-spectrum antifungal defense ［J］. Science ， 2009 ， 323 （ 5910 ）： 101 - 106 . DOI： 10.1126/science.1163732 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1163732 .

Lee K H ， Piao H L ， Kim H Y ， et al . Activation of glucosidase via stress-induced polymerization rapidly increases active pools of abscisic acid ［J］. Cell ， 2006 ， 126 （ 6 ）： 1109 - 1120 . DOI： 10.1016/j.cell.2006.07.034 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2006.07.034 .

Chalhoub B ， Denoeud F ， Liu S Y ， et al . Early allopolyploid evolution in the post-Neolithic Brassica napu s oilseed genome ［J］. Science ， 2014 ， 345 （ 6199 ）： 950 - 953 . DOI： 10.1126/science.1253435 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1253435 .

Waszak K ， Banaś K ， Broniarz J ， et al . Multi-trait evaluation of oilseed rape varieties ［J］. Plant Soil Environ ， 2025 ， 71 （ 12 ）： 860 - 872 . DOI： 10.17221/337/2025-pse http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/337/2025-pse .

Mohamed I A A ， Shalby N ， El-Badri A M ， et al . Multipurpose uses of rapeseed （ Brassica napus L.） crop （food， feed， industrial， medicinal， and environmental conservation uses） and improvement strategies in China ［J］. J Agric Food Res ， 2025 ， 20 ： 101794 . DOI： 10.1016/j.jafr.2025.101794 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2025.101794 .

Gómez-Anduro G ， Ceniceros-Ojeda E A ， Casados-Vázquez L E ， et al . Genome-wide analysis of the beta-glucosidase gene family in maize （ Zea mays L. var B73）［J］. Plant Mol Biol ， 2011 ， 77 （ 1 ）： 159 - 183 . DOI： 10.1007/s11103-011-9800-2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11103-011-9800-2 .

Dong X S ， Jiang Y ， Hur Y . Genome-wide analysis of glycoside hydrolase family 1 β-glucosidase genes in Brassica rapa and their potential role in pollen development ［J］. Int J Mol Sci ， 2019 ， 20 （ 7 ）： 1663 . DOI： 10.3390/ijms20071663 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20071663 .

Opassiri R ， Pomthong B ， Onkoksoong T ， et al . Analysis of rice glycosyl hydrolase family 1 and expression of Os4bglu12 β-glucosidase ［J］. BMC Plant Biol ， 2006 ， 6 （ 1 ）： 33 . DOI： 10.1186/1471-2229-6-33 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2229-6-33 .

Niu F Q ， Bu Y N ， Tang S M ， et al . Comprehensive analysis of glycoside hydrolase family 1 β-glucosidase genes in wheat reveals TaBGLU81 functions in pollen development and fertility conversion ［J］. Plant Growth Regul ， 2024 ， 104 （ 1 ）： 215 - 231 . DOI： 10.1007/s10725-024-01117-1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10725-024-01117-1 .

Li B ， Yang Q ， Yang L L ， et al . A gap-free reference genome reveals structural variations associated with flowering time in rapeseed （ Brassica napus ）［J］. Hortic Res ， 2023 ， 10 （ 10 ）： uhad171 . DOI： 10.1093/hr/uhad171 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhad171 .

Lescot M . PlantCARE， a database of plant cis -acting regulatory elements and a portal to tools for in silico analysis of promoter sequences ［J］. Nucleic Acids Res ， 2002 ， 30 （ 1 ）： 325 - 327 . DOI： 10.1093/nar/30.1.325 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/30.1.325 .

Mao S X ， Cui J M ， He C J ， et al . Bna.GSH1 mediate the ABA signal to promote the tolerance of cadmium in Brassica napus L ［J］. Ind Crops Prod ， 2026 ， 239 ： 122312 . DOI： 10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.122312 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.122312 .

Wang S ， Zhu Y . Transcriptome data of individual rapeseed varieties subjected to salt treatment ［DS/OL］. 2026 . DOI： 10.6084/m9.figshare.31949013 http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31949013 .

Liu J . Transcriptome data of stress treatments for some rapeseed varieties ［DS/OL］. 2026 . DOI： 10.6084/m9.figshare.31948887 http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31948887 .

Lynch M ， Conery J S . The evolutionary fate and consequences of duplicate genes ［J］. Science ， 2000 ， 290 （ 5494 ）： 1151 - 1155 . DOI： 10.1126/science.290.5494.1151 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.290.5494.1151 .

Zhang K X ， Su H Z ， Zhou J X ， et al . Overexpressing the myrosinase gene TGG1 enhances stomatal defense against Pseudomonas syringae and delays flowering in Arabidopsis ［J］. Front Plant Sci ， 2019 ， 10 ： 1230 . DOI： 10.3389/fpls.2019.01230 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01230 .

Lv Q Q ， Li X F ， Fan B F ， et al . The cellular and subcellular organization of the glucosinolate-myrosinase system against herbivores and pathogens ［J］. Int J Mol Sci ， 2022 ， 23 （ 3 ）： 1577 . DOI： 10.3390/ijms23031577 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031577 .

Belshaw R ， Bensasson D . The rise and falls of introns ［J］. Heredity ， 2006 ， 96 （ 3 ）： 208 - 213 . DOI： 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800791 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.hdy.6800791 .

Jeffares D C ， Penkett C J ， Bähler J . Rapidly regulated genes are intron poor ［J］. Trends Genet ， 2008 ， 24 （ 8 ）： 375 - 378 . DOI： 10.1016/j.tig.2008.05.006 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2008.05.006 .

Lipka V ， Dittgen J ， Bednarek P ， et al . Pre- and postinvasion defenses both contribute to nonhost resistance in Arabidopsis ［J］. Science ， 2005 ， 310 （ 5751 ）： 1180 - 1183 . DOI： 10.1126/science.1119409 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1119409 .

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Loss-of-function mutations of genes encoding BnaBIN2 kinases enhance cold tolerance of Brassica napus seedling

Identification of soybean PAH gene family and its response to abiotic stress and hormone treatments

Genome-wide identification and stress response of Copine/BONZAI gene family in Brassica napus L.

Genome-wide identification of the GSK gene family and analysis of its response to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum induction in Brassica napus

Generating technology on interspecific germplasm between Brassica napus DW871 and B. oleracea var. acephala by somatic hybridization and protoplast fusion

Related Author

ZHANG Bin-yuan

ZHENG Yue-ping

LIU Hong-bo

ZHENG Zhi-fu

LI Zi-qi

LIU Xin-yu

WANG Jia-heng

YU Han

Related Institution

College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University

Institute of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Oil Crops

College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University

College of Garden and Horticulture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University

Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huanghuaihai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement/ Industrial Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences

AI问答

⁰

BGLU gene family analysis and involvement of TGG in glucosinolate catabolism in Brassica napus L.

DOI：10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2026067

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references